scholarly journals Swedish interventions in the tragedy of the Jews of Slovakia

2016 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 22-39
Author(s):  
Denisa Nestakova ◽  
Eduard Nižňanský
Keyword(s):  
Jewish Community ◽  
Slovak Republic ◽  
The Political ◽  
Religious Leaders ◽  
German Occupation ◽  
Political Situation ◽  
The Way

This article describes a largely unknown Swedish effort to intervene in deportations of Jews of Slovakia between 1942 and 1944. Swedish officials and religious leaders used their diplomatic correspondence with the Slovak government to extract some Jewish individuals and later on the whole Jewish community of Slovakia from deportations by their government and eventually by German officials. Despite the efforts of the Swedish Royal Consulate in Bratislava, the Swedish arch­bishop, Erling Eidem, and the Slovak consul, Bohumil Pissko, in Stockholm, and despite the acts taken by some Slovak ministries, the Slovak officials, including the president of the Slovak Republic, Jozef Tiso, revoked further negotiations in the autumn of 1944. However, the negotiations between Slovakia and Sweden created a scope for actions to protect some Jewish individuals which were doomed­ to failure because of the political situation. Nevertheless, this plan and the previous diplomatic interventions are significant for a description of the almost unknown Swedish and Slovak efforts to save the Jews of Slovakia. Repeated Swedish offers to take in Jewish individuals and later the whole community could well have prepared the way for larger rescues. These never occurred, given the Slovak interest in deporting their own Jewish citizens and later the German occupation of Slovakia. 

scholarly journals Otvaranje i rad muslimanskih čitaonica u manjim mjestima Bosne i Hercegovine početkom 20. stoljeća = Opening and Operation of Muslim Reading Rooms in Smaller Places of Bosnia and Herzegovina in the Beginning of the 20th Century

Bosniaca ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (26) ◽  
pp. 89-111
Author(s):  
Hana Younis
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Bosnia And Herzegovina ◽  
The Political ◽  
Political Situation ◽  
Archival Material ◽  
Social Events ◽  
Internal Relations ◽  
The Government ◽  
In The Beginning ◽  
The Way

U radu na osnovu arhivske građe, relevantne štampe i literature autorica analizira način otvaranja muslimanskih kiraethana širom Bosne i Hercegovine početkom 20. stoljeća. Pod kojim uslovima su se otvarale kiraethane, kakva pravila su imale, koje ciljeve te koliko je vlast nadzirala njihov rad neka su od važnih pitanja u radu. Posebna pažnja je posvećena kiraethanama u manjim mjestima gdje su one predstavljale centar svih društvenih dešavanja. Kiraethane nisu bile samo preteča biblioteka i čitaonica, one su najčešće u samom sastavu imale i druge sekcije poput muzičke i antialkoholne. Autorica također posebno analizira unutrašnje odnose na koje utječe političko stanje u zemlji te lični animoziteti uprave, ali i članova. = Based on archival material, relevant press, and literature, the author analyzes the way of opening Muslim reading rooms throughout Bosnia and Herzegovina at the beginning of the 20th century. Under what conditions the reading rooms were opened, what rules they had, what goals, and how much the government supervised their work is an important issue in the work. Special attention was paid to the reading rooms in smaller towns where they were the center of all social events. Reading rooms were not only the forerunners of libraries, they usually had other sections, such as music and anti-alcohol sections. The author also analyzes the internal relations that are dependent on the political situation in the country and the personal animosities of the management and members.

scholarly journals Nieznana praca o historii stosunków polsko-ukraińskich w Galicji autorstwa Mariana Tyrowicza w zbiorach Archiwum Nauki PAN i PAU w Krakowie

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam Świątek
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Relations ◽  
The Political ◽  
German Occupation ◽  
Political Situation ◽  
Antebellum Literature ◽  
Cultural Processes ◽  
Scientific Archive

An Unknown Scholarly Text about Polish-Ukrainian Relations in Galicia by Marina Tyrowicz in the Archives of PAN and PAU in Krakow The paper aims at acquainting the reader with an unknown typescript by Marian Tyrowicz (1901-89), a Lvov-born researcher of Galicia (Kingdom of Galicia and Lodomeria) who was a professor of the Higher School of Pedagogy (today’s Pedagogical University) in Krakow after WWII. The text entitled A Brief Outline of the Ukrainian-Polish Relations in Galicia and Reborn Poland (1772-1939) was created under the German occupation of Lvov in 1943 and is kept in the Scientific Archive of PAN and PAU in Krakow now. Since the unclear copyright status currently prevents its publication, the author of the paper has decided to present its contents and make the most significant findings of Tyrowicz available to scholars. Based on relevant Polish and Ukrainian antebellum literature Tyrowicz arrived at a synthetic picture of relations between Poles and Ruthenians (Ukrainians) on the territory of Eastern Galicia with reference to the political situation, foreign relations, and socio-cultural processes.

Iraqi-Turkish relations and their impact on Kurdistan Region 2003-2017

2019 ◽  
pp. 162
Author(s):  
Abbas Fadhel Atwan
Keyword(s):  
Self Determination ◽  
The Political ◽  
Kurdistan Region ◽  
Security Cooperation ◽  
International Support ◽  
Political Situation ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Important Player ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Way

The recent developments in the region, especially Iraq and Syria, represented a historic opportunity for the Kurds, which made them an important player with international support and paved the way for partition and federalism. There is no dispute that the referendum is consistent with general principles such as the right of peoples to self-determination, Others with the Iraqi constitution and mechanisms of independence recognized, but it strengthens the position of the region in negotiations with Baghdad, has raised the date of a referendum on the independence of the Kurdistan region on 25 September 2017 And the political situation in Iraq and Turkey after the referendum of the Kurdistan region, As a result of the failure of each of them to agree to reject the results of the referendum secession of the Kurdistan region and the intensification of sanctions on the region, but also strengthened military and security cooperation between their countries after months of tension between them.

The Way Forward

2015 ◽  
Vol 44 (4) ◽  
pp. 48-56
Author(s):  
Avraham Burg
Keyword(s):  
Political Process ◽  
The Political ◽  
Political Situation ◽  
National Movement ◽  
Palestinian Arab ◽  
Palestinian National Movement ◽  
Arab Minority ◽  
Equal Citizenship ◽  
The Way

This article argues for an unorthodox reading of Israel's current political situation. Rather than examine the immediate results of the March 2015 elections, it lays out the ramifications of the country's current predicament in light of the complex relations between the Jewish majority and Palestinian Arab minority. The author contends that despite the seeming stranglehold that extremist nationalism exerts on the political process, there is true potential for Palestinian citizens of Israel (PCI) to gain full and equal citizenship, on a par with that of their Jewish counterparts. He argues further that the PCI may be poised to lead the Palestinian national movement in advancing a political resolution to the conflict with Israel.

scholarly journals Social activity of Carpatho-Ukrainian students in interwar Brno (renovation according to the found sources)

2021 ◽  
pp. 38-47
Author(s):  
Kostiantyn Kutsov
Keyword(s):  
Slovak Republic ◽  
Social Activity ◽  
Student Organizations ◽  
The Political ◽  
Political Situation ◽  
The Social ◽  
History Of ◽  
Local Students ◽  
The University ◽  
High Technical School

For today the social activity of Carpatho-Ukrainian students in Brno is known to be the least studied issue in the history of the Carpatho-Ukrainian student movement in the period of interwar Czechoslovakia. Based on all available archival and published sources, in this study the attempt is made to reconstruct and analyse the process of formation and development of public activity of Ukrainian students (natives of modern Transcarpathian region (Ukraine) and Presov self-governing region (the Slovak Republic)), who in the 1920 – 1930s studied at higher education institutions in Brno (the University named after Masaryk, High Technical School, High Vet School). The author of the article states that the social activity of Carpatho-Ukrainian students in Brno developed in several stages. The first stage is the second half of the 1920s, the period when Prague student associations such as the Ukrainophile Union of Subcarpathian Students; and the Russophile society Vozrozhdenie (Rebirth) extended their activities in Brno some local students not only became their members but also formed some of their non-formal centers in Brno (e.g. Union of Subcarpathian Ruthenian Students). However, due to the decrease in the number of Carpatho-Ukrainian students at local universities, this process soon slowed down. Next stage is the second half of 1930s. At that time, relatively large independent Carpatho-Ukrainian student organizations – Russophile Society Verkhovina (1936) and the Subcarpathian Academic Society (1937) formed and gradually intensified in their activity in Brno. However, due to the political situation in the Czechoslovak Republic in 1938 – 1939, their activities ended. More information about the issue discussed in the article can be found in the original documents kept at the archival institutions of Brno.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Kontestasi Politik Desa terhadap Konflik Ahmadiyah di Gegerung-Lombok Barat

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 47
Author(s):  
Mohamad Baihaqi
Keyword(s):  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
The Political ◽  
Religious Leaders ◽  
Analysis Method ◽  
The West ◽  
Political Situation ◽  
Political Interests ◽  
The Village ◽  
The Relationship

Penyerangan terhadap Jemaat Ahmadiyah di Gegerung-Lombok terjadi pada 2005-2006 dan 2010. Pada tahun itu kontestasi pemilihan kepala desa bakal dilaksanakan. Beberapa bulan menjelang pemilihan kepala desa, salah satu tokoh agama kerap menyampaikan ceramah yang bernada provokatif. Belakangan diketahui bahwa tokoh agama tersebut berafiliasi dengan salah satu kontestan calon kepala desa. Penelitian ini mengungkapkan bahwa konflik dan kekerasan terhadap Jemaat Ahmadiyah di Gegerung terjadi secara instrumental yang disebabkan oleh adanya kepentingan politik tokoh agama dan salah satu kandidat dalam pemilihan kepala desa setempat. Sekaligus menunjukkan bahwa konflik dan kekerasan terhadap Jemaat Ahmadiyah tidak hanya disebabkan oleh faktor perbedaan keyakinan antara Jemaat Ahmadiyah dan warga Desa Gegerung-Lombok Barat. Bukan pula terjadi semata karena adanya fatwa MUI dan peraturan diskriminatif bupati Lombok Barat. Keduanya tidak berhubungan secara langsung sebagai pemicu konflik dan kekerasan. Konflik dan kekerasan terhadap Ahmadiyah di Desa Gegerung justru terjadi karena adanya campur tangan politisi dan tokoh agama di yang menjadikan perbedaan sebagai komoditas politik.[The attack on the Jemaah Ahmadiyah in Gegerung-Lombok occurred in 2005-2006 and 2010 in conjunction with the contestation for the headman election. A few months before the village headman election, one of the religious leaders often delivered provocative lectures. It was later discovered that this religious figure was affiliated with one of the village head candidate contestants. This research focuses on whether there is a relationship between the political situation in Gegerung Village and the presence of the Jemaah Ahmadiyah? Does this relationship have a correlation with conflict and violence? Using the descriptive analysis method, this research aims to reveal the relationship between the potential situation of Gegerung Village and the existence of the Jemaah Ahmadiyah and its correlation with conflict and violence. The results showed that the conflict and violence against the Jemaah Ahmadiyah in Gegerung occurred instrumentally due to the political interests of religious leaders and one of the candidates in the local village head election. In addition, the researcher also found that the conflict and violence against the Jemaah Ahmadiyah was not only caused by factors of differences in beliefs between the Ahmadiyah congregation and residents of Gegerung Village-West Lombok, nor was it simply due to the MUI fatwa and the discriminatory regulations of the West Lombok Regent. Both are not directly related as triggers of conflict and violence. The conflict and violence against Ahmadiyah in Gegerung Village actually occurred because of the interference of politicians and religious figures who made differences as a political commodity.]

scholarly journals LAS REFORMAS RELIGIOSAS DE AKBAR Y SU RELIGIÓN PERSONAL

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 8-23
Author(s):  
Roberto E. García
Keyword(s):  
Religious Identity ◽  
Strategic Alliances ◽  
The Political ◽  
Religious Leaders ◽  
Political Leaders ◽  
Political Issues ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Way

Este artículo se enfoca en la figura del emperador mogol Akbar (1542-1605) y en la motivación detrás de sus reformas religiosas. En él se debaten los análisis de algunos historiadores que han interpretado estas reformas como el resultado de un viraje en la identidad religiosa del monarca mogol, pero que no han tomado suficientemente en cuenta la parcialidad que caracteriza a los cronistas de su época, cuyas obras constituyen una de las fuentes principales de la historia de ese periodo. A diferencia de otros trabajos, en este artículo se acentúa el carácter político de estas reformas religiosas que facilitaron al emperador el establecimiento de alianzas estratégicas con líderes políticos no musulmanes, y que al mismo tiempo le permitieron debilitar significativamente la influencia de los líderes religiosos musulmanes en los asuntos del estado. Esta interpretación revela que el emperador mogol, lejos de ser un mero actor político o religioso, fue un estratega inteligente que logró equilibrar los asuntos religiosos y políticos en su forma de administrar el imperio.AbstractThis article focuses on the figure of the Mughal Emperor Akbar (1542-1605) and on the motivation behind his religious reforms. It brings into discussion the analysis of certain historians who have interpreted these reforms as resulting from a shift in the religious identity of the Mughal monarch. However, such analysis have not sufficiently taken into account the bias characterizing the chroniclers of the time, works of which are one of the main sources of the history of that period. Unlike other studies, this article highlights the political nature of these religious reforms that facilitated the establishment of strategic alliances with non-Muslim political leaders and, at the same time, allowed Akbar to significantly weaken the influence of Muslim religious leaders in affairs of state. This interpretation reveals that the Mughal emperor was, far from being a mere political or religious actor, a clever strategist who managed to balance religious and political issues in the way he administered the empire. 

scholarly journals THE CURRENT SYRIAN POPULAR VIEW OF THE JEWS

2013 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 108
Author(s):  
Alejandra Álvarez Suárez ◽  
Francisco Del Río Sánchez
Keyword(s):  
Middle Class ◽  
Jewish Community ◽  
The Political ◽  
Jewish Communities ◽  
Political Situation ◽  
Yom Kippur War ◽  
Popular View ◽  
Six Day War ◽  
Yom Kippur

The remaining small Jewish communities of Syria run the risk of disappearing completely due to the marginalization suffered as a consequence of the political situation since 1948. The Eli Cohen affair (1965,) the Six-­Day War (1967,) and the Yom Kippur War (1973) made the Baathist authorities of the country consider definitively the Syrian Jews as suspected Zionists or Zionist sympathizers. Nevertheless, in Syrian popular perceptions, the view of the Jews and Judaism did not always coincide with the ideology and propaganda emanating from the regime. In fact it is very interesting to note how good memories of times past, about an erstwhile coexistence with members of the Jewish community, still survive among many Syrians, both Muslims and Christians, belonging to the so-­called “urban middle class.” This paper evaluates some examples, in the forms of anecdotes, popular sayings and proverbs, dealing with the Jews, and popularized in Syrian colloquialisms, in order to reveal some of the popular views of Judaism and Jews within Syrian society.

La Avellaneda’s Sab and the Political Situation in Cuba

1945 ◽  
Vol 1 (03) ◽  
pp. 303-316 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edith L. Kelly
Keyword(s):  
The Political ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Gertrudis Gomez De Avellaneda ◽  
Native Land ◽  
Her Family ◽  
Political Situation ◽  
The Way

The novel Sab by Gertrudis Gómez de Avellaneda may be considered one of the outstanding products of her early Cuban environment. The work was begun in 1836 or earlier (while the author was traveling with her family to Spain), completed by 1838, and first published in 1841. In order to prepare the way for a favorable reception of the novel in her native land, as well as on the continent, la Avellaneda submitted the first ten chapters in 1839 to a “compatriota” residing in Sevilla:

scholarly journals Devalakshmidevi in the Medieval History of Nepal

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 5-8
Author(s):  
Basudevlal Das
Keyword(s):  
The Political ◽  
Kathmandu Valley ◽  
Medieval History ◽  
Political Situation ◽  
Long Period ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Way

Devalakshmidevi was a dauther of king Jayatungamalla of Kathmandu valley. She was married with king Harisinghadeva, the last king of Karnata Dynasty in Mithila. In those days, the capital of Mithila was Simaraungarh, which is at present in Bara district, Narayani Zone of Nepal. In 1326 A.D. Ghiyas-uddin Tughlaq, the Turk emperor of Delhi, invaded his kingdom of Mithila. After the downfall of the capital, king Harisinghadeva departed towards Kathmandu valley with his family but he died in the way. Then his wife and other members of his family entered into valley as an honourable guests. Queen Devalakshmidevi lived in Yuthunima palace where her brother Jayarudramalla was the king. After the death of Jayarudramalla the political situation of the palace became very critical and by her abilities and qualities, Devalakshmidevi became able to establish her control over the rule and administration of the valley during the long period of thirty years from 1336 A.D. to 1366 A.D. Thus, she appears as a very influential personality in the history of medieval Nepal.Academic Voices Vol.5 2015: 5-8 

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