scholarly journals Understanding Farmers’ Intentions to Adopt Organic Farming in Albania

New Medit ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Edvin ZHLLIMA ◽  
Edmira Shahu ◽  
Orjon Xhoxhi ◽  
Irena Gjika
Keyword(s):  
Organic Farming ◽  
Organic Agriculture ◽  
Policy Design ◽  
Policy Instruments ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Financial Policy ◽  
Information Awareness ◽  
Farm Survey ◽  
Perceived Behavior Control ◽  
The Government

Organic agriculture in Europe is expanding, yet is still in the early stages in less developed areas of Europe. Understanding the factors of converting to organic agriculture is a key component for both policy design and attaining effective support for the organic sector from the government, donors, or the private sector. Therefore, the study attempts to explore the determinant factors of farmers’ intentions to engage in organic farming based on primary data collected through a farm survey in Albania. Results show that subjective norms, perceived behavior control, favorable attitudes toward organic farming conversion, as well as awareness of risk from conventional farming accompanied with information awareness are positively associated with the probability of converting to organic farming. Farmers’ perceptions of EU policy opportunities and attitudes towards environment protection are negatively associated with farmers’ tendency to convert. The study findings call for the use of financial and non-financial policy instruments for supporting conversion to organic farming and increased information on opportunities and costs expected from the integration into the EU single market.

scholarly journals Perspectives of Organic Agriculture and Policy Concerns in Nepal

2009 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 103-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deepak Mani Pokhrel ◽  
Kishor Prasad Pant
Keyword(s):  
Organic Farming ◽  
Organic Agriculture ◽  
Policy Instruments ◽  
Farming System ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Conventional Agriculture ◽  
Organic Certification ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
The Government ◽  
Marketing Information

Agriculture production worldwide has been intensified with a simultaneous expansion in pesticides,fertilizers and other agro-chemicals use to meet growing peoples' demands for food. Indiscriminate use of agrochemicals has however resulted in several problems such as pests' resistance to pesticides and resurgence due to elimination of natural enemies, toxic residues in food, water, air and soil, degrading soil environment and ecosystem, animal and human health hazards and ultimate economic losses. Realizing the facts, organic farming is becoming popular recently, and there have been growing concerns on its importance and promotion in number of countries irrespective of their stage of development. Consequently, farming system paradigms have now shifted from mere increased production and productivity to resource sustainability and eco-friendly production techniques in their emphasis. Higher cost due to agro-chemicals and resulting environmental losses incurred in conventional agriculture on one side and higher advantages of ecological diversities available in the country on the other have proved that Nepal has high potentialities and  comparative advantages of producing quality organic products. A high majority of mountain farmers in Nepal, excluding a few of the agricultural pockets where so-called commercial agriculture has already introduced, do not use any chemicals. Owing to globally increasing trend of demand for organic food, Nepal can benefit from such exports. The government based on some of its policy instruments is also committed to promoting organic farming in the country. However, the instruments are inadequate and not well integrated. Inadequate research, extension services and manpower especially on production and marketing information and input supply have hindered promotion of organic agriculture. Organic product legislation, standardization, certification and infrastructure in such development are also major issues of policy concerns.Key words: Organic-certification; Organic-farming; Organic-standard; Policy; Nepal; etc.The Journal of Agriculture and Environment Vol:10, Jun.2009 Page: 103-115

scholarly journals Identification of the Conditions for Organic Agriculture Development in Polish Districts—An Implementation of Canonical Analysis

Agriculture ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 514
Author(s):  
Joanna Smoluk-Sikorska ◽  
Mariusz Malinowski ◽  
Władysława Łuczka
Keyword(s):  
Organic Farming ◽  
Organic Agriculture ◽  
Canonical Correlation ◽  
Data Bank ◽  
Canonical Analysis ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Local Data ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Canonical Variables ◽  
Agriculture Development

Organic farming in Poland has been developing dynamically since the accession to the EU. However, there are considerable differences in the level of organic farming development in particular regions. Therefore, it is vital to identify the primary factors and conditions for this development and their importance considering their spatial distribution. The presented paper aims to estimate the relationships between the level of organic agriculture development and selected conditions of financial and environmental character. The investigation is based on primary data for 2017 retrieved from the Local Data Bank of the Main Statistical Office and Agricultural and Food Quality Inspection database for all Poland districts. In order to achieve this objective, a multivariate statistical analysis method—the canonical correlation was applied. The analysis was preceded by constructing the composite indices of organic agriculture development and its conditions based on a Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) method and correlation analysis between the indices developed by the authors. The performed canonical analysis showed two statistically significant canonical variables with relatively high values of the canonical correlation (0.74 and 0.59). It proves that the degree of explaining the variability of one set of variables through linear relationships (referring to the level of organic farming development), by the second input data set (describing the determinants of the development), by successive pairs of canonical variables is high. This means that the created model describes relatively well the considered data sets.

scholarly journals Organic farming in Nepal: A viable option for food security and agricultural sustainability

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 223-230
Author(s):  
Sovit Parajuli ◽  
Jiban Shrestha ◽  
Sabita Ghimire
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Organic Farming ◽  
Organic Agriculture ◽  
External Input ◽  
Organic Production ◽  
Agricultural Sustainability ◽  
Market Demand ◽  
Viable Option ◽  
Conventional Agriculture ◽  
The Government

Increasing use of agrochemicals, higher production cost and deterioration of ecosystem health have advocated the need to change the traditional and external input using agriculture towards safe and sustainable organic production. The article reviewed on general overview of organic agriculture in Nepal. The article aims to put light on the current scenario of the dawdling-paced organic agriculture and the options to revive the pesticide dominated conventional agriculture. Promotion of organic agriculture was first appeared as a priority in the10th Five Year Plan of the Government of Nepal. Now it has been embedded in the national agricultural policy. Organic agriculture provides benefits in terms of environmental protection, conservation of nonrenewable resources, improved food quality, improve health status and the reorientation of agriculture towards areas of market demand. Various institutions, individuals and farmers are engaging in organic farming. Nepal is exporting organic products to international markets. The adoption of organic agriculture increases agricultural production and improves soil health and consumer health and seems a better option in countries like ours where fortunately integrated crop-livestock system is still prevalent. It is found to be viable option for better livelihood in the context of Nepal. Because the haphazard pesticide use has marred the conventional agriculture, all these contexts gesture this system to be scrutinize thoroughly and supplanted by organic farming system as a viable option towards food security and agricultural sustainability.

scholarly journals Pengembangan Pertanian Organik di Indonesia

2016 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 91 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henny Mayrowani
Keyword(s):  
Food Safety ◽  
Organic Farming ◽  
Organic Agriculture ◽  
Environmentally Friendly ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Food Ingredients ◽  
Synthetic Chemicals ◽  
Organic Products ◽  
The Government ◽  
Safety Attributes

<p><strong>English</strong><br />Awareness of the dangers posed by the use of synthetic chemicals in farming attracts attention at both the producers and consumers. Most consumers will choose safe food ingredients for better health and it drives increased demand for organic products. Healthy, environmentally friendly life-style becomes a new trend and has been institutionalized internationally which requires assurance that agricultural products should be safe for consumption (food safety attributes), high nutrient content (nutritional attributes) and environmentally friendly (eco-labeling attributes).  Indonesia has a great potential to compete in the international market, but it should be implemented gradually. This is because of many comparative advantages, i.e. (i) there are large land areas available for organic  farming; (ii) technology to support organic farming is available such as composting, no-tillage planting, biological pesticides, among others. Although the government has launched various policies on organic agriculture such as "Go Organic 2010”, but the development of organic farming in the country is relatively slow. This situation is due to various problems such as market constraints, consumers’ interest, relatively expensive organic products certification for small farmers, and lack of farmers’ partnership with private companies. However, interest for organic farming has grown and it is expected to have positive impacts on the development of organic agriculture in Indonesia.</p><p> </p><p><strong>Indonesian</strong><br />Kesadaran tentang bahaya yang ditimbulkan oleh pemakaian bahan kimia sintetis dalam pertanian menjadikan pertanian organik menarik perhatian baik di tingkat produsen maupun konsumen. Kebanyakan konsumen akan memilih bahan pangan yang aman bagi kesehatan dan ramah lingkungan, sehingga mendorong meningkatnya permintaan produk organik. Pola hidup sehat yang akrab lingkungan telah menjadi trend baru  dan telah melembaga secara internasional yang mensyaratkan jaminan bahwa produk pertanian harus beratribut aman dikonsumsi (food safety attributes), kandungan nutrisi tinggi (nutritional attributes), dan ramah lingkungan (eco-labelling attributes). Indonesia memiliki potensi yang cukup besar untuk bersaing di pasar internasional walaupun secara bertahap. Hal ini karena berbagai keunggulan komparatif antara lain: (i) masih banyak sumberdaya lahan yang dapat dibuka untuk mengembangkan sistem pertanian organik, (ii) teknologi untuk mendukung pertanian organik sudah cukup tersedia seperti pembuatan kompos, tanam tanpa olah tanah, pestisida hayati dan lain-lain. Walaupun pemerintah telah mencanangkan berbagai kebijakan dalam pengembangan pertanian organik seperti ‘Go Organic 2010’, namun perkembangan pertanian organik di Indonesia masih sangat lambat.  Keadaan ini disebabkan oleh berbagai kendala antara lain kendala pasar, minat konsumen dan pemahaman terhadap produk organik, proses sertifikasi yang dianggap berat oleh petani kecil, organisasi petani serta kemitraan petani dengan pengusaha. Namun minat bertani terhadap pertanian organik sudah tumbuh. Hal ini diharapkan akan berdampak positif terhadap pengembangan petanian organik.</p>

Decisional factors driving farmers to adopt organic farming in India: a cross-sectional study

2019 ◽  
Vol 46 (4) ◽  
pp. 562-580 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md Sikandar Azam ◽  
Musarrat Shaheen
Keyword(s):  
Organic Farming ◽  
Social Marketing ◽  
Government Policy ◽  
Organic Agriculture ◽  
Government Support ◽  
Farm Size ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Multinomial Regression ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Demographic Classification

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to carry out an empirical investigation of the role of various factors such as economics, social, marketing, cultivation and government in adoption of organic farming. Further, this study examines the factors that influence farmers’ choice of adopting organic farming, based on their demographic classification such as education level, farm size, farming experiences and land ownership of the organic farmers.Design/methodology/approachTo address the research objectives, the primary data were collected with the help of a structured questionnaire from 200 respondents. In this study, the QUAL–QUAN sequence of mixed method design was used. Four focus groups were conducted to identify the factors of organic farming adoption. Further, multinomial regression analysis was applied to analyze the differential impact of these factors in relation to the farmers’ demographic classification.FindingsThe study found five major factors that affect the adoption of organic farming (economic, social, marketing, cultivation, government policy) in India. The study also observed that marketing and government policy factors were most crucial in influencing all types of farmers irrespective of their educational level. The farmers with more farming experience were more concerned about social factors. Similarly, the farmers using lease farms were found to be concerned about the economic viability of organic farming.Social implicationsThis study suggests that without government support, the adoption of organic agriculture seems to be a highly challenging task in a situation, where majority of the farmers fall under the small and marginal category. Hence, to promote organic farming in a developing country like India, the government has to invest more in schemes where farmers should get exclusive training and support to strengthen their intention behind the adoption of the organic farming.Originality/valueBased on the collective insights from the studies, the different stakeholders with interest in organic agriculture may frame necessary strategies to promote organic farming.

scholarly journals ORGANIC FARMING IN UKRAINE – STATE, PROBLEMS AND PERSPECTIVES

2018 ◽  
Vol XX (5) ◽  
pp. 36-41
Author(s):  
Heorghiy Cherevko
Keyword(s):  
Organic Farming ◽  
Organic Agriculture ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Global Trends ◽  
Current State ◽  
Conversion Period ◽  
Supportive Role ◽  
The Government ◽  
Role Of The Government ◽  
Agriculture Development

The purpose of the article is to identify the main problems related to the development of organic farming in Ukraine. In the course of the research, the existing approaches to understanding the essence of organic agriculture, its advantages over traditional production as well as the current state of the industry are analyzed. The main tendencies of organic agriculture development in the country are revealed against the backdrop of global trends, the peculiarities of the formation of Ukrainian organic agricultural products’ export and its domestic market are studied. The main factors affecting them are grounded and the prospects for the development of organic agriculture in the Ukraine and ways of achieving it are substantiated. Particular attention is paid to the necessity of the regulatory and supportive role of the government, especially in the conversion period. Also, the need for a wider understanding of organic products, its usefulness and benefits in production, by the population and producers, are addressed.

scholarly journals In the Era of Climate Change: Moving Beyond Conventional Agriculture in Thailand

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Suyeon Lee ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Organic Farming ◽  
Organic Agriculture ◽  
Agricultural Cooperatives ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Conventional Agriculture ◽  
Climate Resilience ◽  
Non Governmental Organizations ◽  
Market Opportunities ◽  
The Government

Thailand is ranked among the top 10 countries most vulnerable to climate change, and its farmers have faced the risk of natural disasters almost every year for nearly 30 years. However, those affected by climate change have also been the largest contributors to climate change, increasing the risks they will face in the near future. The intensive use of chemical pesticides in conventional agriculture has harmed not only the environment and biodiversity but health of both users and consumers. Responding to these problems, several policies have been put in place over the past decades to reduce pesticide usage as well as to encourage farmers to switch to low-carbon and low-pesticide agriculture, namely, organic agriculture. This study reviews policies related to the development of organic agriculture in Thailand and examines whether organic agriculture is an effective adaptation and mitigation strategy to climate change that can also generate enough food. This study finds that the organic sector has been largely driven by the private sector, particularly the agricultural cooperatives and non-governmental organizations (NGOs), which have provided various support ranging from technology transfer, production, financing, distribution, to marketing of organic products. Their role is vital in encouraging farmers to switch to organic farming and growing market opportunities for organic goods. Nevertheless, constraints including inconsistent policies and limited support from the government remain, which, to some extent, weakens the efforts to build sustainable agriculture and climate resilience. To improve organic farming, there is a need for the government agencies to work together with all relevant stakeholders in the organic sector, namely agricultural cooperatives, NGOs, and consumers.

Motivation and barriers to access to formal credit of primary cinnamon producers from the perspective of value chain development in Northwestern Vietnam

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 117-138
Author(s):  
Do Xuan Luan
Keyword(s):  
Organic Farming ◽  
Value Chain ◽  
Smallholder Farmers ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Access Barriers ◽  
Primary Producers ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Credit Access ◽  
Model Average ◽  
The Government

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate borrowing motivation, credit access barriers and their impacts on income of smallholder farmers engaging in cinnamon value chain development in Northwestern Vietnam. Design/methodology/approach A multistage sampling technique using a structural questionnaire and in-depth interviews was applied for collecting primary data from farmers and relevant stakeholders. The Propensity Score Matching was employed to analyze access barriers and examine whether relaxing these barriers can improve farmer income. To deal with the issue of model uncertainty and further increase the robustness of results, Bayesian model average and the bootstrapping approach were applied. Findings To fulfill the certain quality standards of cinnamon products which are later used in the medicinal and food industry, farmers as primary producers need credit for intensive investment to increase the value of their products. Still, there are 25.36 percent of farmers who have access constraints to formal credit. In the credit received group, 24.56 percent have not received full credit as demanded. Access problems are relevant to lack of collateral, lack of bank account holdings, inconvenient access to roads, weak chain linkage and limited organic farming. Removing credit access barriers can improve the income for farmers from cinnamon farming activities. Research limitations/implications More detailed information on the conditions under which credit serves a more important role in creating value addition for cinnamon products can help the government establish more effective credit policies. Social implications Great attention should be paid to smallholder farmers as primary producers in the chain for sustainable value chain development in developing and emerging economies. Policy interventions should facilitate access to bank accounts, speed up the process of granting residential land use certificates, certify organic farming and upgrade the road system. Strengthening the chain linkage can enhance smallholder farmers’ capacity to obtain credit through value chain lending development. Originality/value Empirical studies on agricultural credit from the perspective of value chain development remain scarce. A better understanding of credit access constraints allows for the positing of recommendations for policy makers to facilitate value chain lending and a medicinal plant-based agro-forestry system in similar situations.

Klasifikasi Tahap Kematangan Pisang Ambon Berdasarkan Warna Menggunakan Naive Bayes

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 60-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dwi Yulianto ◽  
Retno Nugroho Whidhiasih ◽  
Maimunah Maimunah
Keyword(s):  
Naive Bayes ◽  
Fruit Production ◽  
Naïve Bayes ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Banana Fruit ◽  
Bayes Method ◽  
Classification Image ◽  
Average Accuracy ◽  
The Government

ABSTRACT   Banana fruit is a commodity that contributes a great value to both national and international fruit production achievement. The government through the National Standardization Agency establishes standards to maintain the quality of bananas. The purpose of this Project is to classify the stages of maturity of Ambon banana base on the color index using Naïve Bayes method in accordance with the regulations of SNI 7422:2009. Naive Bayes is used as a method in the classification process by comparing the probability values generated from the variable value of each model to determine the stage of Ambon banana maturity. The data used is the primary data image of 105 pieces of Ambon banana. By using 3 models which consists of different variables obtained the same greatest average accuracy by using the 2nd model which has 9 variable values (r, g, b, v, * a, * b, entropy, energy, and homogeneity) and the 3rd model has 7 variable values (r, g, b, v , * a, entropy and homogeneity) that is 90.48%.   Keywords: banana maturity, classification, image processing     ABSTRAK   Buah pisang merupakan komoditas yang memberikan kontribusi besar terhadap angka produksi buah nasional maupun internasional. Pemerintah melalui Badan Standarisasi Nasional menetapkan standar untuk buah pisang, menjaga mutu  buah pisang. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah klasifikasi tahapan kematangan dari buah pisang ambon berdasarkan indeks warna menggunakan metode Naïve Bayes  sesuai dengan SNI 7422:2009. Naive bayes digunakan sebagai metode dalam proses pengklasifikasian dengan cara membandingkan nilai probabilitas yang dihasilkan dari nilai variabel penduga setiap model untuk menentukan tahap kematangan pisang ambon. Data yang digunakan adalah data primer citra pisang ambon sebanyak 105. Dengan menggunakan 3 buah model yang terdiri dari variabel penduga yang berbeda didapatkan akurasi rata-rata terbesar yang sama yaitu dengan menggunakan model ke-2 yang mempunyai 9 nilai variabel (r, g, b, v, *a, *b, entropi, energi, dan homogenitas) dan model ke-3 yang mempunyai 7 nilai variabel (r, g, b, v, *a, entropi dan homogenitas) yaitu sebesar 90.48%.   Kata Kunci : kematangan pisang,  klasifikasi, pengolahan citra

ANALISIS FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI TAX COMPLIANCE TERHADAP PENYAMPAIAN SPT TAHUNAN WAJIB PAJAK ORANG PRIBADI

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 19
Author(s):  
Mela Cyntia Sani ◽  
Khuznatul Zulfa Wafirotin ◽  
Ika Farida Ulfa
Keyword(s):  
Behavioral Control ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Tax Compliance ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Analysis Method ◽  
Online Systems ◽  
Tax Returns ◽  
Directorate General ◽  
The Government

Individual Taxpayers (WPOP) experience problems every year due to difficulties in filling out SPT. The Directorate General of Taxes issued a new policy in providing easy Notification Services (SPT) using online systems namely e-Filling and e-SPT. The policy taken by the government turned out that there were still many obstacles faced by the KPP Pratama Ponorogo Tax Office regarding ponorogo's lack of understanding related to filling out SPT manually or online using e-SPT and e-Felling. So that this certainly can make taxpayers object to the submission of Annual Tax Returns, especially in terms of calculating the tax payable which must be calculated on its own. Data collection is done by using primary data in the form of questionnaires. The samples processed in this study were 100 respondents who were distributed to individual taxpayers registered at KPP Pratama Ponorogo. Data analysis method uses validity test and reliability test, hypothesis testing using multiple linear regression analysis. The results of this study indicate that the awareness of taxpayers, taxpayer intentions, taxpayer attitudes, subjective norms, behavioral control and ease of tax return filling process affect Tax Compliance (tax compliance) submission of Annual Tax Returns. This is because taxpayers know, understand and implement taxation provisions correctly and voluntarily so as to increase taxpayer compliance in fulfilling their obligations and are willing to report taxes with their own awareness.

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