IMPROVING THE RECYCLEABILITY OF PRINTING PAPER BY IN-SITU FILLER LOADING

2009 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 307-313 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena Bobu ◽  
Maria Ciobanu
Keyword(s):  
Filler Loading ◽  
Printing Paper

Design of Experiment for In-Situ Synthesis of Waste Vegetable Oils and Synthetic Based Polyurethane (PU) Foam Composites

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (4.34) ◽  
pp. 413 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanani Abd Wahab ◽  
Anika Zafiah Mohd Rus ◽  
M. Taufiq Zaliran
Keyword(s):  
Design Of Experiment ◽  
Filler Loading ◽  
Filler Size ◽  
Pu Foam ◽  
Gelling Time ◽  
Composition Ratios ◽  
Filler Distribution ◽  
Interconnected Pore ◽  
Pu Foams

This study focused on fabrication of polyurethane (PU) foams and its composites based on hydroxylated bioepoxy (B) and petroleum based synthetic epoxy (E), crosslinker and wood fillers. The fabrication of foams: B and E with different wood filler size such as flake (L) and powder (P) on different composition ratios of 5%, 10%, 15% and 20%.  The fabrication techniques used in this research are open moulding technique. The physical properties such as morphological pore structure and its homogeneity of wood filler distribution in foam polymer composites were measured. The effect of different size of wood filler loading in PU foam composites were analyzed and discussed in detail such as gelling time, main pore size, interconnected pore and struts thickness. The operatory conditions of in-situ PU foams synthesis were optimized using a design of experiment (DOE). The correlations between factors (X1, X2, X3) and the responses (Y1, Y2, Y3, Y4) for B, E as well as BL, BF, EL or EF foams were further analyzed using Minitab software.  

scholarly journals Effects of In-Situ Filler Loading vs. Conventional Filler and the Use of Retention-Related Additives on Properties of Paper

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (22) ◽  
pp. 5066
Author(s):  
Maria Emiliana Fortună ◽  
Andrei Lobiuc ◽  
Lucian-Mihai Cosovanu ◽  
Maria Harja
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Calcium Carbonate ◽  
Filler Loading ◽  
Carbonate Content ◽  
Sem Images ◽  
Paper Properties ◽  
Calcium Carbonate Content ◽  
Optical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Filler Retention

In the present paper, aspects concerning the obtained and characterization of additive systems used for maximizing filler retention, and the effects on paper properties, were investigated. The effects of retention additives over properties of paper, containing fibers from in-situ loading (IS-CCP), were analyzed against the effects of additives over properties of paper containing fibers from conventional loading, obtained by the addition of calcium carbonate in precipitated form (CCP). The physico-mechanical properties were analyzed by various analyses and investigations: calcium carbonate content, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images, optical and mechanical properties, in order to develop the best systems of retention additives for obtaining higher retention loads for making paper with high content of nano-filler material. The obtained results reveal that at the same level of calcium carbonate content, all paper samples with in-situ loading had higher the optical and mechanical properties than the paper obtained by conventional loading in all cases the additives studied. For all studied properties, nanoparticles had a positively influence over paper properties.

Modelling of mechanical properties of Pa6 based reinforced graphite and graphite nano platelets composites using different aspect ratio

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Muneer Umar ◽  
Michael Ikpi Ofem ◽  
Auwal Sani Anwar ◽  
Abubakar Garba Salisu
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Modulus ◽  
High Viscosity ◽  
Filler Loading ◽  
Graphite Nanoplatelets ◽  
Vacuum Oven ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Aspect Ratios ◽  
Precursor Monomer

Purpose This study aims to fabricate and study the effect of five cumulative graphite (G) and graphite nanoplatelets (GNP) filler loading composites by polymerising PA6 precursor; monomer epsilon caprolactam with the two carbons in situ while taking cognisance of the mixing effects (simultaneous stirring and sonication at varying amplitudes and duration). Different aspect ratios will be used to model the two streams of polymerisations. Design/methodology/approach High viscosity extrusion grade PA6 and synthetic G of less than 2 µm particle size were used as fillers. GNP and G are dried for 6 h in vacuum oven at 90°C. Prior to in situ polymerisation, probe sonication was applied to disperse fillers in molten ɛ-caprolactam, the PA6 monomer. Five carbon loadings were made, that is 5–25 Wt.% for G and 0.5–2.5 Wt.% for GNP composites. Two different sonification regimes were applied 20% sonication amplitude for 20 min (20/20) and 40% sonication amplitude for 10 min (40/10). Findings Better tensile properties were achieved using the 20/20 processing streams for both G and GNP. The G- and the GNP-based composites systems of the 20/20 processing stream had tensile modulus and yield strength retained or improved above the unfilled PA6 value. The highest modulus obtained in the 20/20 streams are 1,878 and 1,201 MPa, respectively, for GNP and G at the highest loading levels, while the 40/10 processing streams had 963 and 1,247 MPa, respectively, for the GNP and G. Originality/value To the best of the authors’ knowledge, nobody has ever used sonification amplitude to compare mechanical properties.

scholarly journals Performance Improvement of Nano-silica/Polypropylene Composites through in-situ Graft Modification of Nanoparticles during Melt Compounding

e-Polymers ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tong Hui Zhou ◽  
Wen Hong Ruan ◽  
Yue Lin Wang ◽  
Yu Liang Mai ◽  
Min Zhi Rong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Graft Polymerization ◽  
Impact Resistance ◽  
Polymer Melt ◽  
Filler Loading ◽  
Inorganic Nanoparticles ◽  
Nano Silica ◽  
Step Method ◽  
Polypropylene Composites ◽  
Melt Compounding

AbstractTo prepare inorganic nanoparticles filled polymer composites, reactive monomer was added to the ingredients prior to manufacturing. The results showed that in-situ graft polymerization of butyl acrylate onto nano-silica occurred during melt compounding with polypropylene matrix. As a result, dispersion of the grafted nanoparticles in the polymer became much more homogeneous than in the case of untreated version, and filler/matrix interaction was enhanced due to the intimate adhesion among the components. Both tensile performance and impact toughness of the composites were improved at rather low filler loading. Compared to the twostep approach developed in our lab, by which nanoparticles are treated by graft polymerization firstly and then mixed with polymer melt, the current one-step method is simpler and able to provide the composites with much higher notched impact resistance.

scholarly journals Obtaining and Utilizing Cellulose Fibers with in-Situ Loading as an Additive for Printing Paper

Materials ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 6 (10) ◽  
pp. 4532-4544 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Fortuna ◽  
Maria Harja ◽  
Daniel Bucur ◽  
Sorin Cimpeanu
Keyword(s):  
Cellulose Fibers ◽  
Printing Paper

In Situ Crosslinking Induced Structure Development and Mechanical Properties of Nano-Silica/Polypropylene Composites

2007 ◽  
Vol 334-335 ◽  
pp. 733-736 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tong Hui Zhou ◽  
Wen Hong Ruan ◽  
Min Zhi Rong ◽  
Ming Qiu Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
Filler Loading ◽  
Interfacial Interaction ◽  
Polymer Chains ◽  
Crosslinking Reaction ◽  
Nano Silica ◽  
Polypropylene Composites ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
In Situ Crosslinking

In our previous works, a double percolation mechanism of stress volumes was proposed to explain the special effects generated by small amounts of grafted nanoparticles. Accordingly, it is inferred that strengthening nanoparticle agglomerates and enhancing nanoparticles/polymer matrix interfacial interaction are the key issues to improve mechanical performance of the matrix polymer. To confirm this idea, in-situ crosslinking was adopted to prepare nanocomposites by adding reactive monomers and crosslinking agents during melt compounding of nano-silica with polypropylene (PP). It was found that the grafted polymer chains were successfully crosslinked and chemically bonded to the nano-silica forming crosslinked networks. Meanwhile, matrix molecular chains penetrated through the networks to establish the so-called semi-IPN structure that interconnected nanoparticles by the networks and improved filler/matrix interfacial interaction. As a result, the tiny nanoparticles were well distributed in the matrix and the toughening and reinforcing effects of the nanoparticles on the matrix were brought into play at rather low filler loading, as evidenced by mechanical performance tests. Besides, β-crystal was detected in the nanocomposites experienced in-situ crosslinking reaction.

Mechanical Characterization of the Natural Fiber Reinforced Polystyrene Composite

2019 ◽  
Vol 969 ◽  
pp. 152-156
Author(s):  
Mohd Farhan Zafar ◽  
M. Arif Siddiqui
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Characterization ◽  
Natural Fiber ◽  
Filler Loading ◽  
Sem Analysis ◽  
Filler Size ◽  
Husk Rice ◽  
Fractured Surface ◽  
Wheat Husk

In the present work, polystyrene composites using wheat husk, rice husk and mustard husk as fillers are synthesized using in-situ polymerisation technique. Three different filler loading (5%, 10% and 15 %) and three different filler sizes (250-355 µ, 355-500 µ, 500-710 µ) were utilized for the studying the effect of these compositions on different mechanical properties of the synthesized composites. The results have shown that the filler size 250-355 µ and 5 % loading give the maximum values for tensile strength, flexural strength and hardness for all the three types of fillers. While in case of water absorptivity lower the size/loading, lesser would be the water absorbed. The SEM analysis is done to study the fractured surface of the specimen.

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