scholarly journals The semantic and pragmatic aspect of performative utterances of modern German politicians

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irina Ezan
Keyword(s):  
Pragmatic Aspect

Konsep Demokrasi Walt Whitman di Masa Kepresidenan Donald Trump1

Metahumaniora ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 87
Author(s):  
Lestari Manggong
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Walt Whitman ◽  
Freedom Of Speech ◽  
American People ◽  
American Democracy ◽  
Donald Trump ◽  
Critical View ◽  
Pragmatic Aspect

ABSTRAKSajak “Song of Myself” karya pujangga Amerika abad ke-19, Walt Whitman,mengupas konsep demokrasi yang menjadi salah satu pondasi prinsip kebebasanberpendapat di Amerika. Makalah ini membahas pembelajaran tentang konsep demokrasiyang dapat diperoleh dari sajak tersebut. Arah pembahasan menjadi spesifik ketikakonsep demokrasi dalam sajak tersebut dikaitkan dengan praktek demokrasi yang terjadidi Amerika sekarang, sejak Amerika berada dalam masa administrasi Presiden DonaldTrump. Dalam pembahasannya, makalah ini mengemukakan argumentasi bahwa dalamprakteknya, prinsip demokrasi yang mengedepankan kebebasan berpendapat bagi setiapindividu, secara dilematis mengantar Amerika pada masa kepresidenan Trump yang dinilaikontroversial. Selain “Song of Myslelf,” makalah ini juga membahas dan membandingkansajak Whitman yang lain, yaitu “For You O Democracy” untuk melihat lebih jauh lagi persepsiWhitman tentang demokrasi. Pembahasan dilakukan dengan melihat aspek pragmatis sajakWhitman dengan merujuk pada Mack (2002). Selain itu, pembahasan juga akan berfokuspada aspek xenofobia dalam karya Whitman dengan merujuk pada salah satu tulisan Price(2004). Simpulan dari pembahasan akan bermuara pada gagasan bahwa konsep utopissemacam demokrasi pun tidak sepenuhnya ideal. Karena, seperti yang terjadi di Amerikasekarang, prinsip demokrasi yang dipraktekkan membuat rakyatnya memasuki era yangbanyak menuai protes. Pada akhirnya, pembelajaran tentang konsep demokrasi ini secaraglobal juga dapat memberi sudut pandang yang lebih kritis mengenai konsep demokrasi.Kata kunci: pembelajaran sastra, Walt Whitman, demokrasi Amerika, Donald Trump,kajian pragmatis, xenofobia.ABSTRACT“Song of Myself,” by America’s nineteenth-century poet, Walt Whitman, describesthe concept of democracy which is one of foundations of the principle of freedom of speechin America. This essay discusses literature learning on the concept of democracy in thepoem. The discussion becomes specific when the concept of democracy in the poem is linkedwith the practice of democracy that occurs currently in America, ever since it is underPresident Trump’s administration. This essay argues that in its practice, the principle ofdemocracy that upholds freedom of speech to every individual, in a dillematic way bringsAmerica to today’s controversial administration by President Trump. Aside From “Songof Myslelf,” this essay also discusses and compares Whitman’s other poem, “For You ODemocracy,” to see further Whitman’s perception on democracy. The discussion will havea look at the pragmatic aspect of Whitman’s poem, by referring to Mack (2002), and it will1 Makalah ini telah dipresentasikan dalam Seminar Nasional HISKI: “Literasi, Sastra, dan Pembelajaran” yangdiselenggarakan di Fakultas Ilmu Budaya Universitas Halu Oleo Kendari, Sulawesi Tenggara, 29-30 April 2017.222 | METAHUMANIORA, Vol. 7, Nomor 2 September 2017: 221—233Lestari Manggongalso focus on the xenophobic aspect in the poem, by referring to Price (2004). This essayconcludes that even a utopian concept such as democracy is not entirely ideal, because thepractice of democracy today leads the American people to enter an era of protests. Thisessay proposes an idea that literature learning of the concept of democracy in the poemalso contributes to giving a more critical view on the concept of democracy.Keywords: literature learning, Walt Whitman, American democracy, Donald Trump,pragmatics studies, xenophobia.

scholarly journals The Peculiarities of the English-language Legal Discourse in the Cognitive-pragmatic Aspect (based on the films «Déjà vu», «The Judge»)

2020 ◽  
pp. 135-140
Author(s):  
Татьяна Николаевна Малиновская ◽  
◽  
Галина Анатольевна Менщикова ◽  
Keyword(s):  
English Language ◽  
Legal Discourse ◽  
Pragmatic Aspect ◽  
Deja Vu ◽  
Déjà Vu

scholarly journals Stable word-combinations with a verbal component as the expressive means of subjective modality in german publicistic writing: the pragmatic aspect

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (22) ◽  
pp. 244-250
Author(s):  
Valentyna Sukhomlyn ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Semantic Space ◽  
Functional Approach ◽  
Verbal Component ◽  
Pragmatic Aspect ◽  
Online Texts ◽  
Figurative Thinking ◽  
Linguistic Phenomenon ◽  
Neutral Markers

The paper is devoted to the study of stable word-combinations with a verbal component, which are seen in the context as the expressive means of subjective modality. German online texts on political, social and sports topics were analyzed in this research. In this paper the functional approach is applied to the study of the above-mentioned linguistic phenomenon. It was proved that stable word-combinations with a verbal component indicate features of phraseological unities and phraseological combinations and are quite common in German publicistic texts. The word-combinations are identified differently: the expression of subjective modality as subjective modality has different markers, splitting into deontic (markers: necessary, possibly, accidently), epistemic (markers: proved, disproved, not resolved), aletic (markers: obligatory, prohibited, allowed), axiological (markers: good, bad, neutral). In the texts under consideration, stable word-combinations with a verbal component can be seen as lexical-syntactic units that enhance the expression of axiological modality as all analyzed examples have good, bad, and neutral markers in the context. Stable word-combinations with a verbal component are linguistic expressions of the force of figurative thinking (German Bildkraft), which has two components: visibility (German Bildhaftigkeit) and imagery / colourfulness (German Bildlichkeit). Visibility, to which stable word-combinations with a verbal component apply, is related to the direct meaning of all semantically relevant words and collocations. Therefore, the wider the semantic space of such words and collocations is, the higher degree of visibility and depth of meaning of such lexical and lexical-stylistic units can be observed, because each individual meaning element defines our understanding of the topic that is described, makes this description more detailed and complements our imagination. Stable word-combinations with a verbal component constitute a complementary element expressing subjective modality that reinforces the influence on the addressee. As the means of expressing subjective modality, these lexical-syntactic units can only be considered together with other lexical units in a context.

A Pragmatic Aspect of Language Sampling

1979 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 104-110 ◽  
Author(s):  
William O. Haynes ◽  
Elizabeth Purcell ◽  
Maureen D. Haynes
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Language Sampling ◽  
Picture Description ◽  
Pragmatic Aspect ◽  
Linguistic Behavior

This investigation studied language sampling with normal four- and six-year-old children in three conditions: (1) conversation; (2) picture description with the experimenter and child looking at the stimuli; and (3) picture description with the experimenter unable to view the stimuli with the child. The results show statistically significant differences in Developmental Sentence Score and MLU between the age groups and among the experimental conditions. They suggest that children of these ages are able to alter their linguistic behavior as a result of the listener’s perspective. Implications for language sampling and future research are discussed.

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