scholarly journals Flame retardant properties of flexible polyurethane foams containing expanded graphite by Cone Calorimetry

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan-Juan Zhao ◽  
Shun Chen ◽  
Ming Gao
Keyword(s):  
Flame Retardant ◽  
Expanded Graphite ◽  
Polyurethane Foams ◽  
Cone Calorimetry ◽  
Flame Retardant Properties ◽  
Flexible Polyurethane

scholarly journals Novel Mechanically Stable, Heat Resistant and Nonflammable Functionalized Polystyrene/Expanded Graphite Nanocomposites

2014 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 61-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Kausar ◽  
W. Ullah ◽  
B. Muhammad ◽  
M. Siddiq
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Flame Retardant ◽  
Expanded Graphite ◽  
Cone Calorimetry ◽  
Heat Resistant ◽  
Flame Retardant Properties ◽  
Graphite Nanocomposites

Abstract This study examined effect of inclusion of expanded graphite (Exp-G) on morphology, thermal, mechanical and flame retardant properties of PS, nitro-substituted polystyrene (N-PS) and amino-functional polystyrene (A-PS). FESEM showed exfoliated sheet morphology due to intercalation of N-PS and A-PS in expanded galleries. Tensile strength of A-PS materials (31.5-56.9 MPa) was higher than PS and N-PS. 10 % weight loss of A-PS nanocomposites (482-518 °C) was higher relative to pristine polymer and other nanocomposites. Cone calorimetry results revealed that there was lowering in PHHR of A-PS nanocomposites with 0.5 wt.% filler (428 kW/m2), while PS nanocomposites showed PHHR of 443 kW/m2.

scholarly journals Flame retardancy of rigid polyurethane foams containing thermoregulating microcapsules with phosphazene-based monomers

2020 ◽  
Vol 56 (2) ◽  
pp. 1172-1188
Author(s):  
Anna M. Szczotok ◽  
Dan Madsen ◽  
Angel Serrano ◽  
Manuel Carmona ◽  
Patrick Van Hees ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Release ◽  
Flame Retardant ◽  
Polyurethane Foams ◽  
Future Application ◽  
Cone Calorimetry ◽  
Maximum Heat ◽  
Maximum Heat Release ◽  
Flame Retardant Properties ◽  
Encapsulated Phase Change Material ◽  
Pu Foams

Abstract Thermoregulating microcapsules (MC) with flame-retardant properties were used to produce polyurethane (PU) foams. Thermogravimetric analyses of the microcapsules performed under atmospheric air and nitrogen confirmed that the hexa(methacryloylethylenedioxy) cyclotriphosphazene (PNC-HEMA) monomer raised the amount of residue after exposure to high temperature, proving the formation of a thermally stable char layer. Additionally, the flame-retardant properties of the microcapsules were analyzed by micro-combustion calorimetry (MCC), and the PU foams were tested by both MCC and cone calorimetry. The total heat release and maximum heat release rate were lower for microcapsules containing the flame-retardant PNC-HEMA. The composition of the microcapsules has been proved by MCC and TGA, where the release of the encapsulated phase change material (PCM) occurred at the expected temperature. However, in PU foams, the release of PCM is shifted to higher temperatures. Accordingly, these materials can be considered as an important alternative to commonly used microcapsules containing phase PCMs, where a lower flammability is required for their future application. Graphic abstract

scholarly journals Mechanically Sustainable Starch-Based Flame-Retardant Coatings on Polyurethane Foams

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 1286
Author(s):  
Kyung-Who Choi ◽  
Jun-Woo Kim ◽  
Tae-Soon Kwon ◽  
Seok-Won Kang ◽  
Jung-Il Song ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Release ◽  
Flame Retardant ◽  
Coating Layer ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Polyurethane Foams ◽  
Layer By Layer ◽  
Toxic Substances ◽  
Cone Calorimetry ◽  
Coating Agent ◽  
Cone Calorimeter Test

The use of halogen-based materials has been regulated since toxic substances are released during combustion. In this study, polyurethane foam was coated with cationic starch (CS) and montmorillonite (MMT) nano-clay using a spray-assisted layer-by-layer (LbL) assembly to develop an eco-friendly, high-performance flame-retardant coating agent. The thickness of the CS/MMT coating layer was confirmed to have increased uniformly as the layers were stacked. Likewise, a cone calorimetry test confirmed that the heat release rate and total heat release of the coated foam decreased by about 1/2, and a flame test showed improved fire retardancy based on the analysis of combustion speed, flame size, and residues of the LbL-coated foam. More importantly, an additional cone calorimeter test was performed after conducting more than 1000 compressions to assess the durability of the flame-retardant coating layer when applied in real life, confirming the durability of the LbL coating by the lasting flame retardancy.

Surface-coating engineering for flame retardant flexible polyurethane foams: A critical review

2019 ◽  
Vol 176 ◽  
pp. 107185 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haitang Yang ◽  
Bin Yu ◽  
Pingan Song ◽  
Cristian Maluk ◽  
Hao Wang
Keyword(s):  
Flame Retardant ◽  
Critical Review ◽  
Surface Coating ◽  
Polyurethane Foams ◽  
Flexible Polyurethane

A New Flame Retardant Additive for Conventional Flexible Polyurethane Foams

1991 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-32
Author(s):  
T. Ebbrecht ◽  
V. Zellmer ◽  
G. Burkhart
Keyword(s):  
Flame Retardant ◽  
Polyurethane Foams ◽  
Flexible Polyurethane

Intumescent foams—A novel flame retardant system for flexible polyurethane foams

2008 ◽  
Vol 109 (4) ◽  
pp. 2269-2274 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Andersson ◽  
Anders Magnusson ◽  
Suzanne Troedsson ◽  
Stefan Lundmark ◽  
Frans H. J. Maurer
Keyword(s):  
Flame Retardant ◽  
Polyurethane Foams ◽  
Flexible Polyurethane

Novel flame retardant flexible polyurethane foam: plasma induced graft-polymerization of phosphonates

RSC Advances ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (78) ◽  
pp. 63853-63865 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maude Jimenez ◽  
Nicolas Lesaffre ◽  
Séverine Bellayer ◽  
Renaud Dupretz ◽  
Marianne Vandenbossche ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Flame Retardant ◽  
Polyurethane Foam ◽  
Flame Retardancy ◽  
Graft Polymerization ◽  
Polyurethane Foams ◽  
Flexible Polyurethane Foam ◽  
Flexible Polyurethane

Flame retardancy of flexible polyurethane foams has become an issue due to very severe regulations.

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