scholarly journals Evaluation of Two Management Strategies for Harvested Emergent Vegetation on Immature Mosquito Abundance and Water Quality

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 139-151
Author(s):  
William E. Walton ◽  
Kevin Mai ◽  
Andrew Nguyen ◽  
Rex Tse
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Plant Biomass ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Free Water ◽  
Vegetation Management ◽  
Water Volume ◽  
Turnover Rates ◽  
Mosquito Abundance

ABSTRACT Emergent macrophytes play critical roles in water treatment processes of free-water surface constructed treatment wetlands. Management strategies for plant biomass affect wetland function and mosquito populations. Sinking of harvested macrophyte biomass is thought to provide organic carbon that enhances denitrifying bacteria important for nutrient removal while concomitantly reducing harborage for mosquitoes. The effects of sinking versus floating dried plant biomass (California bulrush [Schoenoplectus californicus]) on immature mosquito abundance and water quality (nutrient levels, oxygen demand, and physicochemical variables) were examined in mesocosms (28-m2 ponds or 1.4-m2 wading pools) under different flow regimes in 4 studies. The numbers of mosquito larvae in earthen ponds with floating vegetation were greater than in ponds with sunken vegetation on most dates but did not differ significantly between the 2 vegetation treatments in experiments using wading pools. Differences of the abundance of Anopheles larvae between the 2 vegetation management treatments were larger than for Culex larvae when naturally occurring larval mosquito predators were present. At high turnover rates (>2 pond volumes/day), water quality did not differ significantly between the vegetation management treatments and the water supply. At low turnover rates (approximately 2–6% of water volume/day), water quality differed significantly between the 2 vegetation management treatments and the water supply. Sinking vegetation can enhance the effectiveness of mosquito control but, depending on water management practices, may raise the concentrations of water quality constituents in discharges that are regulated under the Clean Water Act.

Effect of different water management strategies on water and contaminant fluxes in Doncaster,United Kingdom

2005 ◽  
Vol 52 (9) ◽  
pp. 115-123 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Rueedi ◽  
A.A. Cronin ◽  
B. Moon ◽  
L. Wolf ◽  
H. Hoetzl
Keyword(s):  
Water Management ◽  
Water Quality ◽  
United Kingdom ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Social Acceptance ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Water Volume ◽  
Urban Water ◽  
Quality Model ◽  
Solute Fluxes

In Europe, large volumes of public water supply come from urban aquifers and so efficient urban water management and decision tools are essential to maintain quality of life both in terms of health, personal freedom and environment. In the United Kingdom, this issue gained increased importance with the last year's low volumes of groundwater replenishment that resulted in increased water shortages all over the country. An urban water volume and quality model (UVQ) was applied to a suburb of Doncaster (United Kingdom) to assess the current water supply system and to compare it with new potential scenarios of water management. The initial results show considerable changes in both water and solute fluxes for some scenarios and rather limited changes for others. Changing impermeable roads and paved areas to permeable areas, for example, would lead to higher infiltration rates that may be welcome from a water resources viewpoint but less so from a water quality point of view due to high concentrations of heavy metals. The biggest impact on water quality and quantity leaving the system through sewer, storm water and infiltration system was clearly obtained by re-using grey water from kitchen, bathroom and laundry for irrigation and toilet flush. The testing of this strategy led to lower volumes and higher concentrations of sewerage, a considerable decrease in water consumption and an increase in groundwater recharge. The scenarios were tested neither in terms of costs nor social acceptance for either water supplier or user.

The Hidden Half: Linking microbial communities to habitat condition and vegetation management in UK blanket bogs

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
William Burn ◽  
Andreas Heinemeyer ◽  
Thorunn Helgason ◽  
David Glaves ◽  
Michael Morecroft
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Microbial Communities ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Vegetation Management ◽  
Equation Model ◽  
Habitat Condition ◽  
Blanket Bog ◽  
The Uk

<p>Peatlands are globally valued for the ecosystem services they deliver, including water quality regulation and carbon sequestration. In the UK, blanket bogs are the main peatland habitat and previous work has linked blanket bog management, especially rotational burning of heather vegetation on grousemoors, to impacts on these ecosystem services. However, we still lack a mechanistic, process-level understanding of how peatland management and habitat status is linked to ecosystem service provision, which is mostly driven by soil microbial processes.</p><p>Here we examine bacterial and fungal communities across a spectrum of “intact” to degraded UK blanket bogs and under different vegetation management strategies. Sites included grousemoors under burnt and alternative mown or uncut management along with further locations including 'near intact', degraded and restored sites across a UK climatic gradient ranging from Exmoor (South UK), the Peak District (Mid) to the Flow Country (North). Moreover, an experiment was setup at the University of York with peat mesocosms taken from all sites and management/habitat conditions to allow a comparison between field and controlled conditions and assessing root-mediated processes. Using a structural equation model, we linked grousemoor management to specific fungal/bacterial functional groups, and have started to relate this to changes in water quality provision and carbon cycle aspects. This represents a significant step in the effort to use microbial communities as indicators of peatland habitat condition in UK upland blanket bogs. </p><p> </p>

scholarly journals Watershed-level analysis of exceedance frequencies for different management strategies

2011 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 64-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qi Yang ◽  
Glenn Benoy ◽  
Zhengyong Zhao ◽  
Thien Lien Chow ◽  
Charles P.-A. Bourque ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Performance Standards ◽  
Suspended Sediments ◽  
Quality Standards ◽  
Water Quality Standards ◽  
Management Scenarios ◽  
Canadian Council

Exceedance of water-quality standards is important in assessing water quality. The effectiveness of soil conservation Beneficial Management Practices (BMPs) should be measured according to the BMPs' impact on exceedance frequencies. However, estimating exceedance frequencies for different management scenarios with field measurements is practically impossible due to difficulties in obtaining adequate data for analysing different combinations of BMPs. The objective of this modeling research was to analyse exceedance frequencies for different management strategies applied in the Black Brook Watershed (BBW). Daily concentrations of total suspended sediments (TSS) and soluble phosphorous (sol-P) were predicted with the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) and assessed against water-quality standards from the Canadian Council of Ministers of the Environment (CCME) and National Agri-Environmental Standards Initiative-Ideal Performance Standards (NAESI-IPS). The investigated BMPs included conservation tillage, reduced fertilizer application, crop rotation, flow diversion terraces (FDT) and the combination of all four BMPs. The results indicated that FDT was the most effective at reducing exceedance frequencies of TSS and sol-P. Under the different management scenarios, we calculated the annual exceedance frequencies of TSS and sol-P concentrations above the CCME (20–45% and 10–26%) and NAESI-IPS (32–55% and 20–38%).

Discussion on the Water Supply Engineering Planning of Small Towns in Southern China

2012 ◽  
Vol 212-213 ◽  
pp. 628-633
Author(s):  
Shi You Li ◽  
Shui Bo Xie ◽  
Yao Hui Zhou ◽  
Wei Ling Wu ◽  
Yi Duan
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Water Resource ◽  
Water Consumption ◽  
Resource Selection ◽  
Southern China ◽  
Small Towns ◽  
Water Volume ◽  
Water Yield ◽  
Pipe Network

With the example of the water supply engineering planning of small towns in southern china, the effects of town water consumption forecast, water resource selection, water site choice, pipe network planning on the present engineering planning of water supply were investigated. The analyses show that the water consumption forecast should adopt many kinds of methods to check each other, and finally determine a proper value. To ensure water yield of source water reliable and water quality to meet the requirements are the first principle of the water resource selection. The location of water plant should be determined according to the characteristics of the water source and the hydrological and hydrogeological conditions, in accordance with the relevant requirements specification. The basic requirements of the pipe network layout are as follows: the security of water quality; the reliability of the water volume and water pressure; the operation reliability and the least investment. As a part of the overall planning, the water supply engineering planning should proceed from reality to deal with the relationship of the recent construction and long-term development in order to push small towns economy to a rapid growth.

An investigation into the relationship between water quality volume (design storage volume) and stormwater wetland performance

2015 ◽  
Vol 73 (6) ◽  
pp. 1483-1491 ◽  
Author(s):  
Siping Niu ◽  
Kisoo Park ◽  
Jing Cheng ◽  
Youngchul Kim
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Suspended Solids ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Free Water ◽  
Water Volume ◽  
Point Source Pollution ◽  
Pollutant Concentrations ◽  
Wetland Treatment ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Surface Wetland

An investigation on free water surface wetland, which has an area of 0.23 ha and is employed to control the non-point source pollution from a watershed of 7.4 ha, was carried out to examine how the WQvr (the ratio of stormwater inflow volume to water quality volume (WQv)) affects the wetland treatment performance. As stormwater went through the wetland, TSS (total suspended solids), TCOD (total chemical oxygen demand), TN (total nitrogen) and TP (total phosphorus) were reduced by 85%, 57%, 6% and 68%, on average, respectively. Increase in the WQvr resulted in a decrease in the reduction efficiencies of TSS, TCOD and TP, but a slight increase in TN removal. WQv was identified as a useful parameter for the design of stormwater wetlands, as this volumetric design approach overcomes the variation in flow rate and pollutant concentrations with respect to time and rainfall conditions. However, the design goal of 80% TSS reduction was not accomplished as inflow water volume equal to designed WQv. On the other hand, it was found that TCOD and TP reduction could also be considered as wetland design goals together with TSS. However, TN reduction did not show any significant relationship with the WQv.

scholarly journals Household-level drinking water quality, access, and management practices within an informal community: a case study at Rio das Pedras, Rio de Janeiro

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 80-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard V. Remigio ◽  
Renata S. Rabello ◽  
Garazi Zulaika ◽  
Marilia S. Carvalho ◽  
Paulo R. G. Barrocas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Water Storage ◽  
Bottled Water ◽  
Household Characteristics ◽  
Piped Water ◽  
At Home

Abstract Inter-household patterns in drinking water access, consumption, perception, and quality among residents can vary in Rio das Pedras (RdP), a large favela in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. While unreliable water quality can influence residents to diversify their drinking water supply, household drinking water management practices are not generally known for this community. Household surveys, and indoor tap, piped water before entering the home, filtered, or bottled dispenser water samples were collected. Respondents reported storing water (91%) and near-daily access to piped water (78%). A majority of households reported cleaning water storage tanks at least once every 6 months. Also, residents rely on bottled water and a considerable proportion supplemented their water supply with at-home filtered water. The quality and safety of these sources are not necessarily superior to indoor tap water, especially under conditions of appropriate water storage tank cleaning. Higher prevalence of total coliform detections was found in indoor tap, filtered, and bottled water. Household characteristics such as home ownership, residence type, and residence time exhibited a positive association with improved tank cleaning. Community health practitioners could evaluate practices in water storage, at-home filtration maintenance, and bottled water dispenser systems using household characteristics to promote protective actions.

scholarly journals Public Water Supply and Sanitation Authorities for Strategic Sustainable Domestic Water Management. A Case of Iringa Region In Tanzania

J ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 449-466
Author(s):  
Mesia Lufingo
Keyword(s):  
Water Management ◽  
Water Quality ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Urban Setting ◽  
Domestic Water ◽  
Sustainable Water Supply ◽  
Mandatory Service ◽  
Water Supply And Sanitation

Water supply is a mandatory service for the majority from respective legal public water utilities, and its sustainability reflects implementations of best management strategies at a local level. The objectives of this study were (i) to assess current approaches used in water quality and quantity management and (ii) propose a sustainable domestic water management strategy. This was achieved through secondary water data trends, on-site water quality assessments, visits of water supply and sanitation authorities, and assessment of their performances. It was observed that water supplied in rural-based authorities was quite different from that supplied in an urban setting as far as quality and quantity are concerned; urban-based supplies are more affordable to users than rural ones. A new strategy on water management is presented for sustainable water supply; it is based on controlling groundwater abstractions and preference of surface water in public water supplies. Rural water supply management must learn several practices realized in urban supplies for the betterment of services for the majority of the users.

scholarly journals Public Water Supply and Sanitation Authorities: A Sustainable Domestic Water Management Strategy in Tanzania

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mesia Lufingo
Keyword(s):  
Water Management ◽  
Water Quality ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Urban Setting ◽  
Domestic Water ◽  
Sustainable Water Supply ◽  
Mandatory Service ◽  
Water Supply And Sanitation

Water supply is a mandatory service for Tanzanians from respective legal public water utilities, and their sustainability reflects implementations of best management strategies at a local level. The objective of this study was to assess current approaches used in water quality and quantity management in Tanzania. This was achieved through secondary water data tends, on-site water quality assessments, visits of respective water supply and sanitation authorities, and assessment of their performances. It was observed that water supplied in rural-based authorities was quite different from that supplied in an urban setting as far as quality and quantity is concerned, urban-based supplies being of assistance to users over rural ones. A new strategy on water management is presented for sustainable water supply in Tanzania; it is based on controlling groundwater abstractions and preference of surface water in public water supplies. Rural water supply management must learn several practices realized at urban supplies for the betterment of respective majority water users.

Management strategies for a eutrophic water supply reservoir - San Roque, Argentina

2003 ◽  
Vol 47 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 149-155 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.P. Antenucci ◽  
R. Alexander ◽  
J.R. Romero ◽  
J. Imberger
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Vertical Mixing ◽  
Nutrient Release ◽  
Surface Mixed Layer ◽  
Bubble Plume ◽  
Quality Model ◽  
Eutrophic Water ◽  
Water Supply Reservoir

Possible management strategies to improve water quality in a eutrophic water supply reservoir in Argentina were evaluated using the one-dimensional coupled hydrodynamics and water quality model DYRESM-CAEDYM. The model was used to determine the effects of several different artificial destratification system designs (including both bubble plume diffusers and surface impellers with draft tubes, both separately and in combination), on the biomass of the potentially toxic cyanobacteria Microcystis aeruginosa. The best results were found by using a combination of a deep and shallow diffuser, to break down the seasonal thermocline and therefore limit sediment nutrient release and anoxia, and to enhance vertical mixing in the surface mixed layer, respectively.

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