An Unusual Larval Collection and Survival of Orthopodomyia signifera in the Presence of the Predator Toxorhynchites rutilus septentrionalis

2009 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 370-373 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ary Farajollahi ◽  
Banugopan Kesavaraju ◽  
Mark P. Nelder ◽  
Scott C. Crans ◽  
Randy Gaugler
Keyword(s):  
Toxorhynchites Rutilus

Biology of tree-hole mosquitoes: photoperiodic control of development in northern Toxorhynchites rutilus (Coq.)

1975 ◽  
Vol 53 (7) ◽  
pp. 889-893 ◽  
Author(s):  
William E. Bradshaw ◽  
Christina M. Holzapfel
Keyword(s):  
Rapid Growth ◽  
Fourth Instar ◽  
Photoperiodic Control ◽  
The Third ◽  
Winter Conditions ◽  
Tree Hole ◽  
Critical Photoperiod ◽  
Northern Portion ◽  
Toxorhynchites Rutilus ◽  
Short Days

Carnivorous larvae of the tree-hole mosquito, Toxorhynchites rutilus, were collected from the northern portion of their range. Long days were found to promote rapid growth and metamorphosis from egg to adult; short days retard development during the second and third instars and evoke diapause in the fourth. All larvae exposed continuously to long days from embryos to the third or fourth instar developed without entering diapause. Diapause-averting long days experienced earlier in development could be reversed in at least some individuals by subsequent short days. Among laboratory-reared larvae or those caught early in the fall, the critical photoperiod for the maintenance of diapause is around 13 h of light per day. Among larvae caught in midwinter, diapause is not maintained in all larvae at any photoperiod and in 50% or less of the larvae at photophases shorter than 12.5 h. Winter conditions in the northern part of the range of T. rutilus appear to play a prominent role in the maintenance and termination of diapause.

THE RETROCEREBRAL GLANDS OF MOSQUITO LARVAE

1964 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. G. Rempel ◽  
P. G. Rueffel
Keyword(s):  
Anterior Part ◽  
Comparative Morphology ◽  
Corpus Allatum ◽  
Lateral Margin ◽  
Mosquito Larvae ◽  
Corpus Cardiacum ◽  
Size And Shape ◽  
Toxorhynchites Rutilus ◽  
Two Bodies ◽  
Shape And Size

The comparative morphology of the retrocerebral gland complex of 10 genera of mosquito larvae, including 52 species, has been investigated. The complex consists of two distinct bodies attached to the transverse trachea in the anterior part of the prothorax. Each body is considered to be an association of the corpus allatum, the corpus cardiacum, and the prothoracic gland.In Aedes larvae the shape of the complex varies markedly between species and even within species. In Anopheles larvae it is elongated and flask-shaped; in Culiseta it is short and broad, ending distally in one or more line points; in Culex it is small and triangular. In Psorophora larvae it varies greatly in shape and size, being large in predacious forms, small in non-predacious; it may be sac-like or pointed at the end. In Mansonia perturbans it is small and spindle-shaped; in Wyeomyia hanyei it is small and U-shaped; in Orthopodomyia signifera, small and triangular. In Toxorhynchites rutilus, a predacious form, it is narrow and unusually large. In Opifex fusca it is triangular, with the inner lateral margin as the base.Not only may the complex vary in size and shape within a species, but even within a specimen the two bodies may differ to a remarkable degree.

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