A Terrestrial Vertebrate Palaeontological Reconnaissance of Lord Howe Island, Australia

2021 ◽  
Vol 75 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Julian P. Hume ◽  
Ian Hutton ◽  
Greg Middleton ◽  
Jacqueline M.T. Nguyen ◽  
John Wylie
Keyword(s):  
Terrestrial Vertebrate ◽  
Lord Howe Island

Late Cretaceous stratigraphy and vertebrate faunas of the Markagunt, Paunsaugunt, and Kaiparowits plateaus, southern Utah

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 229-291 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alan L. Titus ◽  
Jeffrey G. Eaton ◽  
Joseph Sertich
Keyword(s):  
Late Cretaceous ◽  
Foreland Basin ◽  
Alluvial Plain ◽  
Terrestrial Vertebrate ◽  
The North ◽  
Single Region ◽  
The World ◽  
Kaiparowits Plateau ◽  
Fossil Preservation ◽  
Fossil Records

The Late Cretaceous succession of southern Utah was deposited in an active foreland basin circa 100 to 70 million years ago. Thick siliciclastic units represent a variety of marine, coastal, and alluvial plain environments, but are dominantly terrestrial, and also highly fossiliferous. Conditions for vertebrate fossil preservation appear to have optimized in alluvial plain settings more distant from the coast, and so in general the locus of good preservation of diverse assemblages shifts eastward through the Late Cretaceous. The Middle and Late Campanian record of the Paunsaugunt and Kaiparowits Plateau regions is especially good, exhibiting common soft tissue preservation, and comparable with that of the contemporaneous Judith River and Belly River Groups to the north. Collectively the Cenomanian through Campanian strata of southern Utah hold one of the most complete single region terrestrial vertebrate fossil records in the world.

scholarly journals Impact of Environmental Stressors on Gene Expression in the Embryo of the Italian Wall Lizard

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 4723
Author(s):  
Rosaria Scudiero ◽  
Chiara Maria Motta ◽  
Palma Simoniello
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Protein Interactions ◽  
Membrane Trafficking ◽  
Translational Regulation ◽  
Cellular Protection ◽  
Terrestrial Vertebrate ◽  
Expression Of Genes ◽  
Stress Changes ◽  
Probable Consequence ◽  
The Impact

The cleidoic eggs of oviparous reptiles are protected from the external environment by membranes and a parchment shell permeable to water and dissolved molecules. As a consequence, not only physical but also chemical insults can reach the developing embryos, interfering with gene expression. This review provides information on the impact of the exposure to cadmium contamination or thermal stress on gene expression during the development of Italian wall lizards of the genus Podarcis. The results obtained by transcriptomic analysis, although not exhaustive, allowed to identify some stress-reactive genes and, consequently, the molecular pathways in which these genes are involved. Cadmium-responsive genes encode proteins involved in cellular protection, metabolism and proliferation, membrane trafficking, protein interactions, neuronal transmission and plasticity, immune response, and transcription regulatory factors. Cold stress changes the expression of genes involved in transcriptional/translational regulation and chromatin remodeling and inhibits the transcription of a histone methyltransferase with the probable consequence of modifying the epigenetic control of DNA. These findings provide transcriptome-level evidence of how terrestrial vertebrate embryos cope with stress, giving a key to use in population survival and environmental change studies. A better understanding of the genes contributing to stress tolerance in vertebrates would facilitate methodologies and applications aimed at improving resistance to unfavourable environments.

Characterisation of 14 microsatellite markers for the Australian fig psylloid, Mycopsylla fici

2015 ◽  
Vol 63 (4) ◽  
pp. 233 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caroline Fromont ◽  
Markus Riegler ◽  
James M. Cook
Keyword(s):  
Illumina Miseq ◽  
Insect Herbivore ◽  
Vertebrate Species ◽  
Moreton Bay ◽  
Lord Howe Island ◽  
Hardy Weinberg Equilibrium ◽  
Sap Feeding ◽  
Polymorphic Microsatellite ◽  
Individual Trees ◽  
Two Populations

The Australian fig psylloid, Mycopsylla fici, is a sap-feeding insect herbivore that is host-specific to the Moreton Bay fig, Ficus macrophylla. It has periodic major outbreaks that can cause complete defoliation of individual trees and massive decrease in local leaf and fruit availability, with significant effects for many insect and vertebrate species that utilise the tree’s resources. We used ⅛ of an Illumina MiSeq run to sequence genomic DNA from two pools of five psylloids from two different field sites. We identified 14 polymorphic microsatellite loci and characterised them in 43 individuals from two populations (Sydney and Lord Howe Island, Australia). Within populations, the number of alleles ranged from 4 to 15 per locus with observed heterozygosity of 0–0.9. Four loci deviated from Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium. The microsatellite primers will be useful for the study of population genetics and gene flow within and between psylloid populations.

scholarly journals Abundance, diversity, and feeding behavior of coral reef butterflyfishes at Lord Howe Island

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (18) ◽  
pp. 3612-3625 ◽  
Author(s):  
Morgan S. Pratchett ◽  
Andrew S. Hoey ◽  
Christopher Cvitanovic ◽  
Jean‐Paul A. Hobbs ◽  
Christopher J. Fulton
Keyword(s):  
Coral Reef ◽  
Feeding Behavior ◽  
Lord Howe Island

Pocsia Mucronata, a new Foliicolous Lichen from Lord Howe Island, Australia

1999 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 141-144 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. M. McCarthy
Keyword(s):  
New South ◽  
New South Wales ◽  
Lord Howe Island ◽  
South Wales

AbstractPocsia mucronata P. M. McCarthy sp. nov. (incert. sed.) is described from Lord Howe Island, New South Wales, Australia. This foliicolous lichen inhabits leaves of the endemic palm, Howea forsteriana.

Distribution of Acanthaster planci at Lord Howe Island, the southern-most Indo-Pacific reef

Coral Reefs ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 145-148 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. M. De Vantier ◽  
G. Deacon
Keyword(s):  
Acanthaster Planci ◽  
Lord Howe Island

DNA barcoding reveals multiple overlooked Australian species of the red algal order Rhodymeniales (Florideophyceae), with resurrection of Halopeltis J. Agardh and description of Pseudohalopeltis gen. nov.

Botany ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 88 (7) ◽  
pp. 639-667 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gary W. Saunders ◽  
Brian McDonald
Keyword(s):  
Dna Barcode ◽  
South Australia ◽  
Sensu Stricto ◽  
Cryptic Diversity ◽  
Additional Species ◽  
Australian Species ◽  
Lord Howe Island ◽  
Red Algal ◽  
Species Groups ◽  
Genetic Species

The DNA barcode (COI-5P) was used to investigate cryptic diversity among Rhodymenia spp. in southern Australia. Whereas eight species are currently recognized, we uncovered ca. 20 genetic species groups, phylogenetically assigned to four genera in two families. Procumbent specimens with molecular and anatomical signatures of the Fryeellaceae are assigned to Pseudohalopeltis tasmanensis gen. et sp. nov. Collections from Lord Howe Island recorded in the field as Rhodymenia / Fauchea sp. are assigned to the poorly known genus Microphyllum as Microphyllum robustum sp. nov. A cluster of species with distinct molecular and anatomical attributes is included in a resurrected Halopeltis J.G. Agardh, including Halopeltis australis (J. Agardh) comb. nov. (type species); Halopeltis austrina (Womersley) comb. nov.; Halopeltis cuneata (Harvey) comb. nov. [including Rhodymenia halymenioides (J. Agardh) Womersley]; Halopeltis gracilis sp. nov.; Halopeltis prostrata sp. nov.; and Halopeltis verrucosa (Womersley) comb. nov. Four additional species of Halopeltis from Lord Howe Island (LH1, LH2), Tasmania (TAS), and Western Australia are not characterized further. For Rhodymenia sensu stricto, similar levels of cryptic diversity were noted. Samples tentatively field-identified as “ Rhodymenia sonderi ,” but having affiliations to Rhodymenia rather than Halopeltis, are referred to Rhodymenia novahollandica sp. nov. Collections field-identified as R. obtusa are genetically distinct from that species and are assigned to Rhodymenia wilsonis (Sonder) comb. nov. Two highly divergent species currently identified as Rhodymenia leptophylla (LH from Lord Howe Island; TAS from Tasmania), as well as two additional cryptic previously unnamed taxa from South Australia (SA) and Victoria (VIC), are not characterized further.

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