Gastrointestinal Helminths in Nactus spp. (Squamata: Gekkonidae) from Six Papua New Guinean Islands

2021 ◽  
Vol 74 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen R. Goldberg ◽  
Charles R. Bursey ◽  
Fred Kraus
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Helminths ◽  
Papua New Guinean

Molecular detection of Murshidia linstowi in a free-ranging dead elephant calf

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 15359-15363
Author(s):  
Sourabh Ranjan Hota ◽  
Sonali Sahoo ◽  
Manojita Dash ◽  
Avishek Pahari ◽  
Bijayendranath Mohanty ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Average Length ◽  
Its Region ◽  
Buccal Capsule ◽  
Nematode Species ◽  
Phylogenetic Study ◽  
Gastrointestinal Helminths ◽  
Pcr Product ◽  
Maximum Similarity ◽  
Host Parasite ◽  
Free Ranging

Gastrointestinal helminths are ubiquitous in both domestic and wild animals. Infections are often sub-clinical except in circumstances of destabilization of host-parasite equilibrium by innate or environmental factors. The present case deals with microscopic and molecular diagnosis of Murshidia linstowi recovered from an elephant. A post-mortem examination of a free-ranging juvenile male elephant calf that had died of electrocution in Athagarh Wildlife Division revealed the presence of slender, whitish nematodes in the stomach. No gross lesions were noticed either in the site of predilection or any other internal organs. The average length of the parasites was 3.8cm.  These parasites were collected for further gross as well as microscopic examination following routine parasitological techniques. Temporary mounts prepared after cleaning the nematodes in lactophenol were observed under a microscope. Morphological features such as a well-developed mouth collar, large and globular buccal capsule with fine tubercles, cone shaped oesophageal funnel, short bursa having indistinctly divided lobes and closely apposed ventral rays and stout spicules with club shaped tips bent dorsally corroborated with that of M.linstowi (male). Amplification of the rDNA from the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region using universal nematode primers NC2 and NC5 revealed a product size of 870bp. The PCR product was subjected to sequencing followed by NCBI-BLAST which revealed 98% homology with M. linstowi. A phylogenetic study showed a maximum similarity with M.linstowi recovered from elephants in Kenya. This particular nematode species belonging to the family Strongylidae and sub-family Cyathostominae appears to be the first documented report in India.

scholarly journals Sequence analysis of Plasmodium vivax Duffy binding proteins reveals the presence of unique haplotypes and diversifying selection in Ethiopian isolates

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lemu Golassa ◽  
Alebachew Messele ◽  
Eniyou Cheryll Oriero ◽  
Alfred Amambua-Ngwa
Keyword(s):  
Vaccine Development ◽  
Haplotype Diversity ◽  
Sri Lankan ◽  
Duffy Binding Protein ◽  
Synonymous Mutations ◽  
South Korean ◽  
Blood Stage Infection ◽  
Vaccine Approach ◽  
Papua New Guinean ◽  
Reference Haplotype

Abstract Background Red blood cell invasion by the Plasmodium vivax merozoite requires interaction between the Duffy antigen receptor for chemokines (DARC) and the P. vivax Duffy-binding protein II (PvDBPII). Given that the disruption of this interaction prevents P. vivax blood-stage infection, a PvDBP-based vaccine development has been well recognized. However, the polymorphic nature of PvDBPII prevents a strain transcending immune response and complicates attempts to design a vaccine. Methods Twenty-three P. vivax clinical isolates collected from three areas of Ethiopia were sequenced at the pvdbpII locus. A total of 392 global pvdbpII sequences from seven P. vivax endemic countries were also retrieved from the NCBI archive for comparative analysis of genetic diversity, departure from neutrality, linkage disequilibrium, genetic differentiation, PvDBP polymorphisms, recombination and population structure of the parasite population. To establish a haplotype relationship a network was constructed using the median joining algorithm. Results A total of 110 variable sites were found, of which 44 were parsimony informative. For Ethiopian isolates there were 12 variable sites of which 10 were parsimony informative. These parsimony informative variants resulted in 10 nonsynonymous mutations. The overall haplotype diversity for global isolates was 0.9596; however, the haplotype diversity was 0.874 for Ethiopia. Fst values for genetic revealed Ethiopian isolates were closest to Indian isolates as well as to Sri Lankan and Sudanese isolates but further away from Mexican, Papua New Guinean and South Korean isolates. There was a total of 136 haplotypes from the 415 global isolates included for this study. Haplotype prevalence ranged from 36.76% to 0.7%, from this 74.2% were represented by single parasite isolates. None of the Ethiopian isolates grouped with the Sal I reference haplotype. From the total observed nonsynonymous mutations 13 mapped to experimentally verified epitope sequences. Including 10 non-synonymous mutations from Ethiopia. However, all the polymorphic regions in Ethiopian isolates were located away from DARC, responsible for junction formation. Conclusion The results of this study are concurrent with the multivalent vaccine approach to design an effective treatment. However, the presence of novel haplotypes in Ethiopian isolates that were not shared by other global sequences warrant further investigation.

Gastrointestinal Helminths from Six Species of Frogs and Three Species of Lizards, Sympatric in Pará State, Brazil

2007 ◽  
Vol 74 (2) ◽  
pp. 327-342 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen R. Goldberg ◽  
Charles R. Bursey ◽  
Janalee P. Caldwell ◽  
Laurie J. Vitt ◽  
Gabriel C. Costa
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Helminths

scholarly journals Gastrointestinal Helminths of the Marshland Frog, Fejervarya limnocharis (Anura: Ranidae), from Taiwan, R.O.C

2013 ◽  
Vol 80 (1) ◽  
pp. 138-140 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerrut Norval ◽  
Charles R. Bursey ◽  
Stephen R. Goldberg ◽  
Jeanette Arreola ◽  
Shao-Chang Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Helminths ◽  
Fejervarya Limnocharis

scholarly journals Infections by human gastrointestinal helminths are associated with changes in faecal microbiota diversity and composition

PLoS ONE ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. e0184719 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy P. Jenkins ◽  
Yasara Rathnayaka ◽  
Piyumali K. Perera ◽  
Laura E. Peachey ◽  
Matthew J. Nolan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Faecal Microbiota ◽  
Gastrointestinal Helminths ◽  
Microbiota Diversity
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