scholarly journals Sympatric Invasive Rats Show Different Diets in a Tropical Rainforest of an Island Biodiversity Hotspot1

2019 ◽  
Vol 73 (2) ◽  
pp. 199 ◽  
Author(s):  
Duron Quiterie ◽  
Bourguet Edouard ◽  
Thibault Martin ◽  
Scussel Sarah ◽  
Gouyet Raphaël ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tropical Rainforest ◽  
Island Biodiversity ◽  
Invasive Rats

scholarly journals Impacts of invasive rats and tourism on a threatened island bird: the Palau Micronesian Scrubfowl

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
PAUL M. RADLEY ◽  
ROBERT A. DAVIS ◽  
TIM S. DOHERTY
Keyword(s):  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Site Occupancy ◽  
Conservation Area ◽  
Occupancy Probability ◽  
Invasive Predators ◽  
Island Biodiversity ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Invasive Rats ◽  
The Western Pacific ◽  
Ground Nesting

Summary Invasive predators have decimated island biodiversity worldwide. Rats (Rattus spp.) are perhaps the greatest conservation threat to island fauna. The ground nesting Palau Micronesian Scrubfowl Megapodius laperouse senex (Megapodiidae) inhabits many of the islands of Palau’s Rock Island Southern Lagoon Conservation Area (RISL) in the western Pacific. These islands are also heavily visited by tourists and support populations of introduced rats, both of which may act as added stressors for the scrubfowl. Using passive chew-tag and call playback surveys on five tourist-visited and five tourist-free islands, we investigated if rats and tourists negatively affect scrubfowl, and if higher rat activity is associated with tourist presence. Rat detection probability and site occupancy were significantly higher on tourist visited (89% and 99%, respectively) compared to tourist-free islands (52% and 73%). Scrubfowl were detected at significantly more stations on tourist-free (93%) than tourist visited (47%) islands and their relative abundance was higher (2.66 and 1.58 birds per station, respectively), although not statistically significantly. While rat occupancy probability likewise had a non-significant negative effect on scrubfowl numbers across islands, our results show a negative relationship between tourist presence and scrubfowl in the RISL. Our findings also suggest that rat populations may be augmented by tourist visitation in the RISL. Although this situation may not seriously affect the scrubfowl, it may be highly detrimental to populations of other threatened island landbirds.

Vertical profiles and storage fluxes of CO2, heat and water in a tropical rainforest at Pasoh, Peninsular Malaysia

Tellus B ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 60 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shinjiro Ohkubo ◽  
Yoshiko Kosugi ◽  
Satoru Takanashi ◽  
Naoko Matsuo ◽  
Makoto Tani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tropical Rainforest ◽  
Peninsular Malaysia ◽  
Vertical Profiles ◽  
And Storage

Drivers of difference in CO2 and CH4 emissions between rubber plantation and tropical rainforest soils

2021 ◽  
Vol 304-305 ◽  
pp. 108391
Author(s):  
Wenjun Zhou ◽  
Jing Zhu ◽  
Hongli Ji ◽  
John Grace ◽  
Liqing Sha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tropical Rainforest ◽  
Rubber Plantation ◽  
Ch4 Emissions

scholarly journals Ethno-medicinal, phytochemistry, and pharmacological importance of Hunteria umbellate (K. Schum.) Hallier f. (Apocynaceae): a useful medicinal plant of sub-Saharan Africa

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Olumide Samuel Fadahunsi ◽  
Peter Ifeoluwa Adegbola ◽  
Olubukola Sinbad Olorunnisola ◽  
Temitayo Idris Subair ◽  
David Oluwasegun Adepoju ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tropical Rainforest ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Folk Medicine ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Menstrual Pain ◽  
Pharmacological Activities ◽  
Medicinal Uses ◽  
Intestinal Worms ◽  
Sub Saharan

Abstract Background Hunteria umbellate (K. Schum.) Hallier f. (Apocynaceae) is a tropical rainforest tree commonly found in sub-Saharan region of Africa. It is a useful and very popular plant among the locals due to the outstanding anti-diabetic activity of the seeds. Methods A comprehensive literature search on articles published on phytochemical analysis and various pharmacological activities of Hunteria umbellate was carried out using search engines such as Google Scholar, PubMed and Science Direct. Results In this review, it was deduced that H. umbellate is employed in folk medicine as an elixir for obesity, fever, leprosy sores, menstrual pain, infertility, yaws, intestinal worms, abdominal discomfort and stomach ache. Due to their durability and immunity against termites, the stems are coveted and desired as timbers in the construction of houses, while the bark has been reportedly exported to Europe for medicinal uses. Pharmacological activities such as fertility enhancing, aphrodisiac, hypoglycemic, anti-inflammatory, has been ascribed to the different morphological organs of H. umbellate. Moreover, compounds belonging to important classes of secondary metabolites with biological activities such as triterpenoids, flavonoids, tannins, alkaloids, quinic acids have been identified and characterized from the plant. Conclusion From this review, it can be inferred that, numerous and bioactive principles with known biological usefulness are present in the extracts of H. umbellate and might be responsible for the observed biological and pharmacological activities.

End Member and Bayesian mixing models consistently indicate near‐surface flowpath dominance in a pristine humid tropical rainforest

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Birkel ◽  
Alicia Correa Barahona ◽  
Clément Duvert ◽  
Sebastián Granados Bolaños ◽  
Andres Chavarría Palma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tropical Rainforest ◽  
Mixing Models ◽  
Near Surface ◽  
Bayesian Mixing Models

scholarly journals Projections for Mexico’s Tropical Rainforests Considering Ecological Niche and Climate Change

Forests ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 119
Author(s):  
Antonio Fidel Santos-Hernández ◽  
Alejandro Ismael Monterroso-Rivas ◽  
Diódoro Granados-Sánchez ◽  
Antonio Villanueva-Morales ◽  
Malinali Santacruz-Carrillo
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Ecological Niche ◽  
Potential Distribution ◽  
Tropical Rainforest ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Climate Change Scenarios ◽  
Climate Conditions ◽  
Tropical Regions ◽  
Temperature And Precipitation ◽  
Ecological Importance

The tropical rainforest is one of the lushest and most important plant communities in Mexico’s tropical regions, yet its potential distribution has not been studied in current and future climate conditions. The aim of this paper was to propose priority areas for conservation based on ecological niche and species distribution modeling of 22 species with the greatest ecological importance at the climax stage. Geographic records were correlated with bioclimatic temperature and precipitation variables using Maxent and Kuenm software for each species. The best Maxent models were chosen based on statistical significance, complexity and predictive power, and current potential distributions were obtained from these models. Future potential distributions were projected with two climate change scenarios: HADGEM2_ES and GFDL_CM3 models and RCP 8.5 W/m2 by 2075–2099. All potential distributions for each scenario were then assembled for further analysis. We found that 14 tropical rainforest species have the potential for distribution in 97.4% of the landscape currently occupied by climax vegetation (0.6% of the country). Both climate change scenarios showed a 3.5% reduction in their potential distribution and possible displacement to higher elevation regions. Areas are proposed for tropical rainforest conservation where suitable bioclimatic conditions are expected to prevail.

scholarly journals Variations in Benthic Macroinvertebrate Communities and Biological Quality in the Aguarico and Coca River Basins in the Ecuadorian Amazon

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 1692
Author(s):  
Santiago Cabrera ◽  
Marie Anne Eurie Forio ◽  
Koen Lock ◽  
Marte Vandenbroucke ◽  
Tania Oña ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aquatic Ecosystems ◽  
Tropical Rainforest ◽  
Working Party ◽  
Functional Ecology ◽  
Functional Feeding Groups ◽  
Macroinvertebrate Communities ◽  
Sampling Campaign ◽  
Ecuadorian Amazon ◽  
Baseline Information ◽  
Tropical Aquatic Ecosystems

Adequate environmental management in tropical aquatic ecosystems is imperative. Given the lack of knowledge about functional diversity and bioassessment programs, management is missing the needed evidence on pollution and its effect on biodiversity and functional ecology. Therefore, we investigated the composition and distribution of the macroinvertebrate community along two rivers. Specifically, 15 locations were sampled in the Coca and Aguarico Rivers (Ecuadorian Amazon) and the macroinvertebrates were used to indicate water quality (WQ), expressed as the Biological Monitoring Working Party Colombia (BMWP-Col) classes. Results indicate that elevation, pH, temperature, width, and water depth played an important role in the taxa and functional feeding groups (FFG) composition. The results show that diversity of taxa and FFG were generally scarce but were more abundant in good quality sites. Collector-gathers (CG) were, in general, dominant and were particularly abundant at low WQ and downstream sites. Scrapers (SC) were the second most abundant group, dominating mostly at good WQ and upstream sites. Predators (PR) were homogeneously distributed among the sites, without clear dominance, and their abundance was slightly higher in sites with medium-low WQ and downstream sites. Lastly, both shredders (SH) and collector-filterers (CF) were almost absent and were more abundant in good quality sites. The findings of this research can be used as baseline information in the studied region since a dam was constructed two years after the sampling campaign, which has been operating since. Furthermore, the results can be used to fill the knowledge gaps related to the bioassessments of other similar systems, particularly for a tropical rainforest.

scholarly journals Identification of novel bacterial biomarkers to detect bird scavenging by invasive rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 1814-1828
Author(s):  
Carly R. Muletz‐Wolz ◽  
Erin Wilson Rankin ◽  
Sarah McGrath‐Blaser ◽  
Madhvi Venkatraman ◽  
Jesús E. Maldonado ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Invasive Rats
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