Long-Term Persistence of de Brazza's Monkey (Cercopithecus neglectus) in a Kenyan Forest Fragment

2011 ◽  
Vol 100 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 69-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
Faith M. Walker ◽  
Nixon K. Sajita
Keyword(s):  
Forest Fragment ◽  
Cercopithecus Neglectus

Resilience of a forest fragment exposed to long-term isolation in Singapore

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 397-407 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kang Min Ngo ◽  
Stuart Davies ◽  
Nik Faizu Nik Hassan ◽  
Shawn Lum
Keyword(s):  
Forest Fragment

scholarly journals Bird Occupancy of a Neotropical Forest Fragment Is Mostly Stable over 17 Years but Influenced by Forest Age

Diversity ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 50
Author(s):  
Marconi Campos-Cerqueira ◽  
W. Douglas Robinson ◽  
Gabriel Augusto Leite ◽  
T. Mitchell Aide
Keyword(s):  
Bird Species ◽  
Barro Colorado Island ◽  
Tropical Species ◽  
Forest Age ◽  
Forest Fragment ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Old Growth ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Old Growth Forest

The effects of forest degradation, fragmentation, and climate change occur over long time periods, yet relatively few data are available to evaluate the long-term effects of these disturbances on tropical species occurrence. Here, we quantified changes in occupancy of 50 bird species over 17 years on Barro Colorado Island (BCI), Panama, a model system for the long-term effects of habitat fragmentation. The historical data set (2002–2005) was based on point counts, whereas the contemporary data set (2018) was based on acoustic monitoring. For most species, there was no significant change in occupancy; however, the occupancy of four species (Tinamus major, Polioptila plumbea, Myiarchus tuberculifer, and Ceratopipra mentalis) increased significantly, and the occupancy of three species (Saltator grossus, Melanerpes pucherani, and Cyanoloxia cyanoides) decreased significantly. Forest age explained the majority of occupancy variation and affected the occupancy of more bird species than survey period or elevation. Approximately 50% of the species seem to favor old-growth forest, and 15 species (30%) had a significantly higher occupancy in old-growth forest sites. Elevation had no significant impact on the occupancy of the majority of bird species. Although BCI has been a protected reserve for approximately 100 years, land-use legacies (i.e., forest age) continue to influence bird distribution.

scholarly journals Importance of isolated forest fragments and low intensity agriculture for the long-term conservation of the green peafowl Pavo muticus

Oryx ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Nay Myo Shwe ◽  
Niti Sukumal ◽  
Khin Maung Oo ◽  
Simon Dowell ◽  
Stephen Browne ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Habitat Use ◽  
Agricultural Landscape ◽  
Buffer Zone ◽  
Forest Fragments ◽  
Forest Fragment ◽  
Forest Patch ◽  
Low Intensity ◽  
Pavo Muticus ◽  
Green Peafowl

Abstract Low intensity subsistence agriculture is generally believed to be less damaging to wildlife than intensive farming. As Myanmar is undergoing rapid modernization, subsistence farming may shift to intensive agriculture, resulting in increased threats to species of conservation concern such as the green peafowl Pavo muticus. Here we investigate habitat use of the green peafowl in a low intensity agricultural landscape surrounding a small forest fragment in southern Shan State, Myanmar. The forest belongs to Nan Kone Buddha Monastery and the green peafowl is protected from hunting in the area on the basis of religious beliefs. We established three survey transects with a total length of 3,414 m. During February 2016–January 2017 we conducted surveys twice daily for 4 consecutive days every month, walking all transects in both directions in the mornings and afternoons and recording visual and auditory peafowl encounters. We estimated peafowl density to be 2.63 animals/km2 in the less disturbed western part of the study area and 1.13 animals/km2 in the eastern part, which had higher levels of human disturbance. The peafowl's habitat use was significantly non-random, with forest patches being the most utilized habitat, followed by croplands. Within a 300 m buffer zone around the forest patch, the order of habitat preference was crop > scrub > fallow, with crop significantly preferred over the other two habitats. We conclude that preserved isolated forest blocks adjacent to community-managed agricultural areas are important for green peafowl conservation, and discuss the implications for long-term conservation management of the species.

scholarly journals Contrasting long-term effects of transient anthropogenic edges and forest fragment size on generalist and specialist deadwood-dwelling fungi

2016 ◽  
Vol 54 (4) ◽  
pp. 1142-1151 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alejandro Ruete ◽  
Tord Snäll ◽  
Bengt Gunnar Jonsson ◽  
Mari Jönsson
Keyword(s):  
Fragment Size ◽  
Forest Fragment ◽  
Long Term Effects

scholarly journals Long-Term Suppression of Hardwood Regeneration by Chinese Privet (Ligustrum sinense)

2022 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Taylor N. Turner ◽  
Thomas J. Dean ◽  
Jeff S. Kuehny
Keyword(s):  
Native Species ◽  
Urban Forest ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
Forest Composition ◽  
Forest Fragment ◽  
Chinese Privet ◽  
Salvage Logging ◽  
Crown Cover ◽  
Overstory Trees

Native hardwood regeneration in the southeast United States is hindered by repeat disturbance events and the presence of invasive species. Our study aimed to determine the ability of native species in an unmanaged urban forest fragment to persist following high winds from hurricane Gustav in 2008 and subsequent salvage logging. In 2009, researchers estimated the density and composition of the regeneration and overstory trees as well as percent crown cover of invasive Chinese privet. Percent Chinese privet cover was visibly high, leading them to believe it may be inhibiting native hardwood establishment. Ten years later in 2019, we returned to the plots to take repeat measurements. Forest composition remains the same and privet crown cover remains high. There has been no increase in regenerating individuals, and overstory trees per hectare and basal area remains low. These results confirm that the heavy Chinese privet presence is persistent long term and will require management to promote reproduction of native overstory tree species.

scholarly journals Biodiversity of aquatic environments in a peri-urban Atlantic Forest protected remnant: a checklist

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Karine Matos Magalhães ◽  
Maria Cecília Santana de Lima ◽  
Ednilza Maranhão Santos ◽  
Jozélia Maria de Sousa Correia ◽  
Ana Carolina Borges Lins e Silva
Keyword(s):  
Urban Forest ◽  
Forest Fragment ◽  
Terrestrial Plants ◽  
Aquatic Biodiversity ◽  
Field Collection ◽  
Local Diversity ◽  
Extensive Field ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
New Research

Abstract: We present a checklist for the aquatic biodiversity from two reservoirs within a PPBio (Biodiversity Research Program) site in a peri-urban forest fragment, the Dois Irmãos State Park (PEDI), in Pernambuco, Brazil. We obtained the data via extensive field collection and information from a specialized literature survey. We recorded 397 species in 156 families; the animal was the most abundant group (140 species) followed by fungi taxa (103), periphyton (69), aquatic macrophytes (44), and terrestrial plants in flooded areas (41). This review reflects different sample efforts toward selected groups and allows the definition of a long-term protocol for guiding new research based on the identified knowledge gaps revealed. Future ecological research should address the influence of the trophic state of the reservoirs, as well as the effects of competitive exclusion and predation on the long-term viability of the local diversity.

Edge effects on epiphytic lichens in managed black spruce forests of eastern North America

2003 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Héloïse Rheault ◽  
Pierre Drapeau ◽  
Yves Bergeron ◽  
Per-Anders Esseen
Keyword(s):  
Edge Effects ◽  
Black Spruce ◽  
Fragment Size ◽  
Forest Fragments ◽  
Epiphytic Lichens ◽  
Forest Fragment ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Edge Conditions ◽  
Interior Forest

We studied the spatial and temporal response of three epiphytic lichens (Bryoria spp., Evernia mesomorpha Nyl., and Usnea spp.) to edge effects in conifer forests of northwestern Quebec. Lichen abundance and substrate variables were sampled at four distances (5, 25, 50, and 100 m) from the edge in 15 edge–interior transects in managed black spruce (Picea mariana (Mill.) BSP) forests. Responses to edge effects were assessed for short-term (1–3 years) and long-term (8 and 16–23 years) periods. We also assessed the effect of forest fragment size on lichen abundance in 27 forest fragments ranging in size from 0.03 ha to >4 ha. We found a significant effect of distance to edge on mass of E. mesomorpha and Usnea spp. Lichen mass was lower in the first 50 m of edge compared with the forest interior (100 m). Size of forest fragments had no significant effect in any of the three lichens. However, mass of Usnea spp. was low in the seven smallest (<0.5 ha) fragments. Our results suggest that the response of epiphytic lichens to edge conditions could be used by forest managers as an indicator in determining the size of remnant stands that should be left to increase the proportion of interior forest habitat in harvested forest landscapes.

Therapy and prevention for mental health: What if mental diseases are mostly not brain disorders?

2019 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
Author(s):  
John P. A. Ioannidis
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Disease ◽  
Brain Disorders ◽  
Social Stressors ◽  
Labor Education ◽  
Mental Diseases ◽  
Long Term Follow Up ◽  
Political Decisions

AbstractNeurobiology-based interventions for mental diseases and searches for useful biomarkers of treatment response have largely failed. Clinical trials should assess interventions related to environmental and social stressors, with long-term follow-up; social rather than biological endpoints; personalized outcomes; and suitable cluster, adaptive, and n-of-1 designs. Labor, education, financial, and other social/political decisions should be evaluated for their impacts on mental disease.

Conceptual short-term memory (CSTM) supports core claims of Christiansen and Chater

2016 ◽  
Vol 39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary C. Potter
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Rapid Serial Visual Presentation ◽  
Language Comprehension ◽  
Short Term Memory ◽  
Visual Presentation ◽  
Long Term Memory ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Term Memory ◽  
Use Of Knowledge

AbstractRapid serial visual presentation (RSVP) of words or pictured scenes provides evidence for a large-capacity conceptual short-term memory (CSTM) that momentarily provides rich associated material from long-term memory, permitting rapid chunking (Potter 1993; 2009; 2012). In perception of scenes as well as language comprehension, we make use of knowledge that briefly exceeds the supposed limits of working memory.

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