scholarly journals Do brown bears Ursus arctos avoid barbed wires deployed to obtain hair samples? A videographic assessment

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Katherine Wold ◽  
Aaron J. Wirsing ◽  
Thomas P. Quinn
Keyword(s):  
Ursus Arctos ◽  
Brown Bears ◽  
Hair Samples

scholarly journals Stable isotopes reveal variation in consumption of Pacific salmon by brown bears, despite ready access in small streams

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
HyeJoo Ro ◽  
Jennifer H. Stern ◽  
Aaron J. Wirsing ◽  
Thomas P. Quinn
Keyword(s):  
Stable Isotope ◽  
Sockeye Salmon ◽  
Ursus Arctos ◽  
Pacific Salmon ◽  
Brown Bears ◽  
Small Streams ◽  
Hair Samples ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Stable Isotope Signatures ◽  
Ready Access

Brown bears Ursus arctos consume a wide range of organisms, including ungulates and plants, but Pacific salmon Oncorhynchus spp. are especially important to their diet where their ranges overlap. Although some bears minimize antagonistic encounters with other bears or infanticide by avoiding streams where salmon spawn, studies generally assume that bears with ready access to salmon feed heavily on them. To test this assumption, and the hypothesis that male bears would feed more heavily on salmon than females (owing to their sexual size dimorphism), we collected hair samples from brown bears using barbed wire on six small tributaries of Lake Aleknagik, Alaska where adult sockeye salmon O. nerka are readily accessible and frequently consumed by bears. Analysis of DNA distinguished among the different bears leaving the hair samples, some of which were sampled multiple times within and among years. We assessed the contribution of salmon to the diet of individual bears using carbon and nitrogen stable isotope signatures. The 77 samples analyzed, from 31 different bears over four years, showed isotopic ratios consistent with reliance on salmon, but the wide range of isotopic signatures included values suggesting variable, and in one case considerable, use of terrestrial resources. Stable isotope signatures did not differ between male and female bears, nor did they differ between two sides of the lake, despite marked differences in sockeye salmon density. The hair samples were collected when salmon were present, so there was some uncertainty regarding whether they reflected feeding during the current or previous season. Notwithstanding this caveat, the results are consistent with the hypothesis that salmon were sufficiently available to provide food for the bears, and that the considerable isotopic variation among bears with access to salmon reflected their age, status, and behavior.

scholarly journals Y-chromosomal testing of brown bears ( Ursus arctos ): Validation of a multiplex PCR-approach for nine STRs suitable for fecal and hair samples

2015 ◽  
Vol 19 ◽  
pp. 197-204 ◽  
Author(s):  
Siv Grethe Aarnes ◽  
Snorre B. Hagen ◽  
Rune Andreassen ◽  
Julia Schregel ◽  
Per M. Knappskog ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiplex Pcr ◽  
Ursus Arctos ◽  
Brown Bears ◽  
Hair Samples

Complementary use of motion-activated cameras and unbaited wire snares for DNA sampling reveals diel and seasonal activity patterns of brown bears (Ursus arctos) foraging on adult sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka)

2014 ◽  
Vol 92 (10) ◽  
pp. 893-903 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas P. Quinn ◽  
Aaron J. Wirsing ◽  
Brendan Smith ◽  
Curry J. Cunningham ◽  
Jason Ching
Keyword(s):  
Sockeye Salmon ◽  
Ursus Arctos ◽  
Foraging Ecology ◽  
Prey Availability ◽  
Oncorhynchus Nerka ◽  
Activity Patterns ◽  
Diel Activity ◽  
Brown Bears ◽  
Hair Samples ◽  
Hair Snares

The seasonal and diel movements of predators to take advantage of shifts in prey availability are fundamental elements of their foraging ecology, and also have consequences for the prey populations. In this study, we used complementary noninvasive techniques (motion-activated cameras and hair snares) to investigate seasonal and diel activity of brown bears (Ursus arctos L., 1758) along six proximate streams supporting spawning populations of sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka (Walbaum in Artedi, 1792)) in southwestern Alaska. Camera records over 3 years showed a rapid increase in bear activity around the time salmon arrived in the streams, with differences among streams corresponding to differences in salmon phenology. Bears were active throughout the day and night, but there were clear crepuscular peaks when camera data were pooled. When wire snares (to collect hair samples) were paired with cameras, the data showed similar seasonal patterns, but each technique detected bears missed by the other. Roughly equal numbers of bears left hair but no camera image, and images but no hair, at paired sites. Taken together, the results indicated a close correspondence between bear activity and salmon timing, differences in diel timing among streams, and the complementarity of data obtained by motion-activated cameras and hair snares.

Molecular identification of Taenia spp. in wolves (Canis lupus), brown bears (Ursus arctos) and cervids from North Europe and Alaska

2011 ◽  
Vol 60 (3) ◽  
pp. 289-295 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antti Lavikainen ◽  
Sauli Laaksonen ◽  
Kimberlee Beckmen ◽  
Antti Oksanen ◽  
Marja Isomursu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Identification ◽  
Canis Lupus ◽  
Ursus Arctos ◽  
Brown Bears

scholarly journals Long-Term Safety of Intraperitoneal Radio Transmitter Implants in Brown Bears (Ursus arctos)

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jon M. Arnemo ◽  
Bjørnar Ytrehus ◽  
Knut Madslien ◽  
Jonas Malmsten ◽  
Sven Brunberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ursus Arctos ◽  
Brown Bears ◽  
Radio Transmitter

Sexing free-ranging brown bears Ursus arctos using hairs found in the field

1993 ◽  
Vol 2 (6) ◽  
pp. 399-403 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. TABERLET ◽  
H. MATTOCK ◽  
C. DUBOIS-PAGANON ◽  
J. BOUVET
Keyword(s):  
Ursus Arctos ◽  
Brown Bears ◽  
Free Ranging

Serologic Evidence of Leptospira spp. Serovars in Brown Bears (Ursus arctos) from Croatia

2010 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 251-256 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alen Slavica ◽  
Dean Konjević ◽  
Đuro Huber ◽  
Zoran Milas ◽  
Nenad Turk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ursus Arctos ◽  
Brown Bears ◽  
Leptospira Spp ◽  
Serologic Evidence

scholarly journals The smell of success: Reproductive success related to rub behavior in brown bears

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. e0247964
Author(s):  
Andrea T. Morehouse ◽  
Anne E. Loosen ◽  
Tabitha A. Graves ◽  
Mark S. Boyce
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Success ◽  
Ursus Arctos ◽  
Scent Marking ◽  
Brown Bear ◽  
Parentage Analysis ◽  
Fitness Component ◽  
Brown Bears ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Rubbing Behavior ◽  
Insight Into

Several species of bears are known to rub deliberately against trees and other objects, but little is known about why bears rub. Patterns in rubbing behavior of male and female brown bears (Ursus arctos) suggest that scent marking via rubbing functions to communicate among potential mates or competitors. Using DNA from bear hairs collected from rub objects in southwestern Alberta from 2011–2014 and existing DNA datasets from Montana and southeastern British Columbia, we determined sex and individual identity of each bear detected. Using these data, we completed a parentage analysis. From the parentage analysis and detection data, we determined the number of offspring, mates, unique rub objects where an individual was detected, and sampling occasions during which an individual was detected for each brown bear identified through our sampling methods. Using a Poisson regression, we found a positive relationship between bear rubbing behavior and reproductive success; both male and female bears with a greater number of mates and a greater number of offspring were detected at more rub objects and during more occasions. Our results suggest a fitness component to bear rubbing, indicate that rubbing is adaptive, and provide insight into a poorly understood behaviour.

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