scholarly journals Effects of density dependence on diet composition of North American elk Cervus elaphus and mule deer Odocoileus hemionus: an experimental manipulation

2011 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 417-430 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kelley M. Stewart ◽  
R. Terry Bowyer ◽  
Brian L. Dick ◽  
John G. Kie
Keyword(s):  
Density Dependence ◽  
Cervus Elaphus ◽  
North American ◽  
Diet Composition ◽  
Mule Deer ◽  
Odocoileus Hemionus ◽  
Experimental Manipulation ◽  
North American Elk ◽  
Effects Of Density

Suitability of moose, elk, mule deer, and white-tailed deer as hosts for winter ticks (Dermacentor albipictus)

1991 ◽  
Vol 69 (9) ◽  
pp. 2300-2305 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. A. Welch ◽  
W. M. Samuel ◽  
C. J. Wilke
Keyword(s):  
Odocoileus Virginianus ◽  
Cervus Elaphus ◽  
North American ◽  
Field Data ◽  
Alces Alces ◽  
Mule Deer ◽  
Odocoileus Hemionus ◽  
Dermacentor Albipictus ◽  
Winter Tick

We evaluated the suitability of four species of North American Cervidae as hosts for the winter tick (Dermacentor albipictus) by comparing the numbers and weights of engorged female ticks recovered from experimentally infested moose (Alces alces), elk (Cervus elaphus), mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus), and white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus). Each host was exposed to approximately equivalent infestations (~1 larva/cm2). A higher percentage of ticks were recovered as engorged females from moose (8.0%) than from elk (0.23%) or mule deer (0.60%). No engorged female ticks were recovered from white-tailed deer. Female ticks engorged on moose were larger (0.533 ± 0.169 (SD) g) than those engorged on elk (0.414 ± 0.136 g) or mule deer (0.418 ± 0.138 g). Alopecia occurred on all infested animals but was extensive only on moose. Our findings support field data suggesting that moose are the most important and the most severely affected hosts of winter ticks.

Reproductive senescence in free-ranging North American elk Cervus elaphus Cervidae

Mammalia ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 83 (6) ◽  
pp. 593-600 ◽  
Author(s):  
Louis C. Bender ◽  
Jessica R. Piasecke
Keyword(s):  
Age Structure ◽  
Cervus Elaphus ◽  
North American ◽  
Reproductive Senescence ◽  
Female Age ◽  
North American Elk ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Consistent Manner ◽  
Multiple Species ◽  
Free Ranging

Abstract Successful production of calves is necessary for growth of North American elk (Cervus elaphus Linnaeus 1758) populations, but few studies have evaluated age-related effects on both the conception and survival of a calf to weaning in multiple free-ranging populations. Conception and survival of calves to weaning were both affected by maternal age, with old (age 9 and older) females showing reproductive senescence as compared to prime-aged (ages 2–8) females despite achieving similar or greater size and condition. Reproductive senescence in our free-ranging populations ultimately resulted in old females weaning fewer calves (0.42 calves/female) than did prime-aged females (0.64 calves/female). Other factors, especially maternal size, also influenced conception and survival to weaning, and these interacted with age in a consistent manner, i.e. larger females or females in better condition were more likely to conceive and successfully wean calves within each age class. Female age structure receives less consideration in ungulate management than does male age structure, despite demonstrated impacts on population productivity of multiple species because of reproductive senescence. Because of the large proportion of individuals in senesced age classes in elk populations, low productivity in populations may simply reflect female age structure, rather than other frequently hypothesized factors.

scholarly journals Reproduction in North American elk Cervus elaphus: paternity of calves sired by males of mixed age classes

2013 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 302 ◽  
Author(s):  
John G. Kie ◽  
Bruce K. Johnson ◽  
James H. Noyes ◽  
Christen L. Williams ◽  
Brian L. Dick ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cervus Elaphus ◽  
North American ◽  
Age Classes ◽  
North American Elk ◽  
Mixed Age

Condition of mule deer during winter: stress and spatial overlap with North American elk

2019 ◽  
Vol 65 (2) ◽  
pp. 349-358 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Paul Atwood ◽  
John G. Kie ◽  
Joshua J. Millspaugh ◽  
Marjorie D. Matocq ◽  
R. Terry Bowyer
Keyword(s):  
North American ◽  
Mule Deer ◽  
Spatial Overlap ◽  
North American Elk

scholarly journals Relations between nutritional condition and survival of North American elk Cervus elaphus

2008 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 70-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
Louis C. Bender ◽  
John G. Cook ◽  
Rachel C. Cook ◽  
P. Briggs Hall
Keyword(s):  
Cervus Elaphus ◽  
North American ◽  
Nutritional Condition ◽  
North American Elk

Assessing prehistoric genetic structure and diversity of North American elk (Cervus elaphus) populations in Alberta, Canada

2014 ◽  
Vol 92 (4) ◽  
pp. 285-298 ◽  
Author(s):  
C.F. Speller ◽  
B. Kooyman ◽  
A.T. Rodrigues ◽  
E.G. Langemann ◽  
R.M. Jobin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Gene Flow ◽  
National Parks ◽  
Cervus Elaphus ◽  
North American ◽  
Rocky Mountain ◽  
Population Declines ◽  
Natural Ecosystems ◽  
North American Elk ◽  
Common Era

North American elk (Cervus elaphus L., 1758) are an important component of Canada’s natural ecosystems. Overhunting and habitat decline in the 19th century led to the near eradication of Rocky Mountain elk (Cervus elaphus nelsoni Bailey, 1935) and Manitoban elk (Cervus elaphus manitobensis Millais, 1915) within Alberta. Though elk populations have been restored within provincial and national parks, it is unknown to what degree historic population declines affected overall genetic diversity and population structuring of the two subspecies. This study targeted 551 bp of mitochondrial D-loop DNA from 50 elk remains recovered from 16 archaeological sites (2260 BCE (before common era) to 1920 CE (common era)) to examine the former genetic diversity and population structure of Alberta’s historic elk populations. Comparisons of ancient and modern haplotype and nucleotide diversity suggest that historic population declines reduced the mitochondrial diversity of Manitoban elk, while translocation of animals from Yellowstone National Park in the early 20th century served to maintain the diversity of Rocky Mountain populations. Gene flow between the two subspecies was significantly higher in the past than today, suggesting that the two subspecies previously formed a continuous population. These data on precontact genetic diversity and gene flow in Alberta elk provide essential baseline data integral for elk management and conservation in the province.

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