Crimes Against the Future: Zambian Teachers' Alternative Income Generation and the Undermining of Education

Africa Today ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 55 (3) ◽  
pp. 24-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa Cliggett ◽  
Brooke Wyssmann
Keyword(s):  
Income Generation ◽  
The Future

scholarly journals Prevalence of skin wounds in working donkeys in Bukombe, Tanzania

2019 ◽  
Vol 186 (9) ◽  
pp. 284-284 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emma Rayner ◽  
Ilona Airikkala-Otter ◽  
Aswin Susheelan ◽  
Andrew Gibson ◽  
Richard Itaba ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Area ◽  
Skin Wounds ◽  
Income Generation ◽  
Targeted Interventions ◽  
Welfare Issue ◽  
The Future ◽  
Direct Income ◽  
Future Evaluation

BackgroundPreventable wounds are a common welfare issue in working donkeys in many countries. In the Bukombe District of Tanzania, there are estimated to be 3000 working donkeys, used primarily to transport loads for direct income generation. For historical reasons, oxen-yoke carts are used; their design is inappropriate for donkeys and results in serious neck wounds. The project aim was to assess the prevalence and nature of wounds in working donkeys.MethodsIn November 2018, 148 donkeys owned by 48 owners were examined, and data were collected.ResultsThe study revealed that one or more wounds were present in 56.1% of the population and yoke-related, dorsal neck wounds comprised 79.5% of these. These wounds ranged in surface area from 1 cm2 to 300 cm2. Clinically, 96.6% of all wound types were superficial and the majority of these (51.1%) were granulating.ConclusionThese data will enable the future evaluation of targeted interventions aimed at reducing the prevalence of these specific wounds.

scholarly journals Factors Affecting the Incomes of Peasant Households Affected by Climate Change in Tra Vinh Province, Viet Nam

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 130
Author(s):  
Ha Hong Nguyen ◽  
Trung Thanh Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Work Experience ◽  
Multivariate Regression ◽  
Bank Loans ◽  
Viet Nam ◽  
Income Generation ◽  
Department Of Agriculture ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Interview Method ◽  
The Future

The results of this study aim to propose implicational policies for the People's Committee of Tra Vinh province, Viet Nam; Department of Agriculture and Rural Development of Tra Vinh province and related departments in Tra Vinh province. Thanks to these results, they may have effective solutions to support peasants who can have new circumstances in the areas of climate change due to adaptive salinization. It can also be stated that it is very necessary to find solutions to raise their incomes, improve better lives in the future. Studying factors on incomes of peasants’ households affected by climate change by direct interview method of 280 households, in 07 districts including: Tra Cu, Cau Ngang, Chau Thanh, Duyen Hai, Tieu Can, Cau Ke and Tra Vinh city in the regions affected by climate change in Tra Vinh province. By using multivariate regression method, the authors have found out the factors affecting peasants’ income in these regions: Diversifying income generation activities, demanding for bank loans, education, work experience and land areas of households. From the research results, it can be proposed the solutions to increase peasants’ income to adapt to climate change in these areas in the future.

scholarly journals Luxury Perception of Low and Middle Income Generation Z and Their Luxury Consumption Motivations

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 939-959
Author(s):  
Simge AKSU
Keyword(s):  
Service Providers ◽  
Income Generation ◽  
Luxury Consumption ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Income Levels ◽  
Brand Quality ◽  
Generation Z ◽  
Product Service ◽  
The Future ◽  
Low And Middle Income

Purpose: This study examined Generation Z with low and moderate income levels in terms of their perception of luxury, knowledge of luxurious products and motivation of consuming luxurious products. Design/methodology/approach: The research was conducted in two stages: in-depth interviews and structured observations.  Structured observations were carried out on 37 teenage participants at the ages of 17-21 (25 female and 12 male consumers). The data were collected between July and August 2020 in Turkey. Findings: According to the results of the study, this generation’s perception of luxury is divided into three categories based on concept, service and product. Females perceive luxury as flamboyance, wealth and ability to get whatever is desired, while males consider the same concept as comfort, brand quality and products that are hard to get. The participants’ knowledge of luxurious brands generally covers inaccessible brands such as Rolex, Ferrari and Christian Dior and new luxurious brands Nike, Puma and Polo. Among the participants, 54.1% planned to buy luxurious products in the future. The main factors that drive them to buy luxurious products in the future were as follows: quality of product, comfort of product, durability of product, beauty of product, elegance of product, conspicuous consumption, self fulfilment, feeling good, power of desire, having social status and improvement in economic situation. The products they consider as luxurious and plan to buy included luxurious cars, houses, clothes, jewelry and travels. Research limitations/implications: The limitation of the study is that it was a convenient sample. Therefore, the findings cannot be generalized. Practical implications: Luxury product/service providers can market new luxury products/services that are more affordable to low and middle-income Generation Z. Originality/value: Studies conducted in regard to the concept of luxury consumption and consumer perceptions have been mostly performed with participants with high income levels. This study tries to fill the gap in the literature by investigating the low and middle-income Generation Z. The main objective of this study was to examine the luxury-related attitudes and perceptions of Generation Z members who have been raised in families that have low and moderate income level, and their intentions of purchasing luxurious products/services.

International determination of the total motion of the pole

1961 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. 29-41
Author(s):  
Wm. Markowitz
Keyword(s):  
Secular Motion ◽  
The Future

A symposium on the future of the International Latitude Service (I. L. S.) is to be held in Helsinki in July 1960. My report for the symposium consists of two parts. Part I, denoded (Mk I) was published [1] earlier in 1960 under the title “Latitude and Longitude, and the Secular Motion of the Pole”. Part II is the present paper, denoded (Mk II).

Status of the Lick Proper Motion Program

1978 ◽  
Vol 48 ◽  
pp. 387-388
Author(s):  
A. R. Klemola
Keyword(s):  
Proper Motion ◽  
The Future

Second-epoch photographs have now been obtained for nearly 850 of the 1246 fields of the proper motion program with centers at declination -20° and northwards. For the sky at 0° and northward only 130 fields remain to be taken in the next year or two. The 270 southern fields with centers at -5° to -20° remain for the future.

Some Structural Features of Metaphase Chromosomes of Mice and Men

1967 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
pp. 190-191
Author(s):  
Godfrey C. Hoskins ◽  
Betty B. Hoskins
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Electron Micrographs ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Metaphase Chromosomes ◽  
The Future ◽  
Of Mice And Men ◽  
Mouse Cells ◽  
Human And Mouse

Metaphase chromosomes from human and mouse cells in vitro are isolated by micrurgy, fixed, and placed on grids for electron microscopy. Interpretations of electron micrographs by current methods indicate the following structural features.Chromosomal spindle fibrils about 200Å thick form fascicles about 600Å thick, wrapped by dense spiraling fibrils (DSF) less than 100Å thick as they near the kinomere. Such a fascicle joins the future daughter kinomere of each metaphase chromatid with those of adjacent non-homologous chromatids to either side. Thus, four fascicles (SF, 1-4) attach to each metaphase kinomere (K). It is thought that fascicles extend from the kinomere poleward, fray out to let chromosomal fibrils act as traction fibrils against polar fibrils, then regroup to join the adjacent kinomere.

Freeze-fracture cytochemistry: A goal set by Russell Steere in 1957

1993 ◽  
Vol 51 ◽  
pp. 60-61
Author(s):  
Nicholas J Severs
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Nature ◽  
Biological Systems ◽  
Freeze Fracture ◽  
Structural Components ◽  
Major Goal ◽  
Membrane Biology ◽  
Routine Application ◽  
The Future ◽  
Freeze Etching

In his pioneering demonstration of the potential of freeze-etching in biological systems, Russell Steere assessed the future promise and limitations of the technique with remarkable foresight. Item 2 in his list of inherent difficulties as they then stood stated “The chemical nature of the objects seen in the replica cannot be determined”. This defined a major goal for practitioners of freeze-fracture which, for more than a decade, seemed unattainable. It was not until the introduction of the label-fracture-etch technique in the early 1970s that the mould was broken, and not until the following decade that the full scope of modern freeze-fracture cytochemistry took shape. The culmination of these developments in the 1990s now equips the researcher with a set of effective techniques for routine application in cell and membrane biology.Freeze-fracture cytochemical techniques are all designed to provide information on the chemical nature of structural components revealed by freeze-fracture, but differ in how this is achieved, in precisely what type of information is obtained, and in which types of specimen can be studied.

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