scholarly journals Relationship of solar wind and geomagnetic strom.

2000 ◽  
Vol 12 (1/2) ◽  
pp. 115-116
Author(s):  
Haruka ADACHI ◽  
Akira TONEGAWA ◽  
Tohru SAKURAI
Keyword(s):  
Solar Wind ◽  
Relationship Of

Relationship of the Van Allen radiation belts to solar wind drivers

2008 ◽  
Vol 70 (5) ◽  
pp. 708-729 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary K. Hudson ◽  
Brian T. Kress ◽  
Hans-R. Mueller ◽  
Jordan A. Zastrow ◽  
J. Bernard Blake
Keyword(s):  
Solar Wind ◽  
Radiation Belts ◽  
Relationship Of

The relationship of surface chemistry and albedo of lunar soil samples

1977 ◽  
Vol 285 (1327) ◽  
pp. 427-431 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Solar Wind ◽  
Surface Chemistry ◽  
Electron Spectroscopy ◽  
Auger Electron ◽  
Iron Concentration ◽  
Lunar Soil ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Surface Iron ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

A relation between the albedo and the surface iron concentration (determined by Auger electron spectroscopy) of lunar soil samples is described. The effect of solar wind sputtering on the surface chemistry and albedo of the soil is discussed.

scholarly journals On the relationship between interplanetary coronal mass ejections and magnetic clouds

2013 ◽  
Vol 31 (7) ◽  
pp. 1251-1265 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. K. J. Kilpua ◽  
A. Isavnin ◽  
A. Vourlidas ◽  
H. E. J. Koskinen ◽  
L. Rodriguez
Keyword(s):  
Solar Wind ◽  
Coronal Mass Ejections ◽  
Flux Rope ◽  
Leading Edge ◽  
Magnetic Clouds ◽  
Interplanetary Coronal Mass Ejections ◽  
Magnetic Flux Ropes ◽  
Geometrical Effect ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract. The relationship of magnetic clouds (MCs) to interplanetary coronal mass ejections (ICMEs) is still an open issue in space research. The view that all ICMEs would originate as magnetic flux ropes has received increasing attention, although near the orbit of the Earth only about one-third of ICMEs show clear MC signatures and often the MC occupies only a portion of the more extended region showing ICME signatures. In this work we analyze 79 events between 1996 and 2009 reported in existing ICME/MC catalogs (Wind magnetic cloud list and the Richardson and Cane ICME list) using near-Earth observations by ACE (Advanced Composition Explorer) and Wind. We perform a systematic comparison of cases where ICME and MC signatures coincided and where ICME signatures extended significantly beyond the MC boundaries. We find clear differences in the characteristics of these two event types. In particular, the events where ICME signatures continued more than 6 h past the MC rear boundary had 2.7 times larger speed difference between the ICME's leading edge and the preceding solar wind, 1.4 times higher magnetic fields, 2.1 times larger widths and they experienced three times more often strong expansion than the events for which the rear boundaries coincided. The events with significant mismatch in MC and ICME boundary times were also embedded in a faster solar wind and the majority of them were observed close to the solar maximum. Our analysis shows that the sheath, the MC and the regions of ICME-related plasma in front and behind the MC have different magnetic field, plasma and charge state characteristics, thus suggesting that these regions separate already close to the Sun. Our study shows that the geometrical effect (the encounter through the CME leg and/or far from the flux rope center) does not contribute much to the observed mismatch in the MC and ICME boundary times.

scholarly journals Magnetopause stand-off distance in dependence on the magnetosheath and solar wind parameters

1998 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 388-396 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. I. Pudovkin ◽  
B. P. Besser ◽  
S. A. Zaitseva
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Solar Wind ◽  
Boundary Layers ◽  
Wind Data ◽  
Magnetospheric Physics ◽  
Magnetic Field Penetration ◽  
Solar Wind Parameters ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Field Penetration

Abstract. A model of the magnetosheath structure proposed in a recent paper from the authors is extended to estimate the magnetopause stand-off distance from solar wind data. For this purpose, the relationship of the magnetopause location to the magnetosheath and solar wind parameters is studied. It is shown that magnetopause erosion may be explained in terms of the magnetosheath magnetic field penetration into the magnetosphere. The coefficient of penetration (the ratio of the magnetospheric magnetic field depression to the intensity of the magnetosheath magnetic field Bm⊥z=–Bmsin2Θ/2, is estimated and found approximately to equal 1. It is shown that having combined a magnetosheath model presented in an earlier paper and the magnetosheath field penetration model presented in this paper, it is possible to predict the magnetopause stand-off distance from solar wind parameters.Key words. Magnetospheric physics · Magnetopause · Cusp and boundary layers-Magnetosheath

scholarly journals Relationship of upflowing ion beams and conics around the dayside cusp/cleft region to the interplanetary conditions

2002 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 471-476 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Miyake ◽  
T. Mukai ◽  
N. Kaya
Keyword(s):  
Energy Source ◽  
Solar Wind ◽  
Wind Velocity ◽  
Solar Wind Velocity ◽  
Boundary Region ◽  
Ion Beams ◽  
Magnetospheric Boundary ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Local Noon ◽  
Ion Conics

Abstract. The dayside cusp/cleft region is known as a major source of upflowing ionospheric ions to the magnetosphere. Since the ions are supposed to be energized by an input of energy from the dayside magnetospheric boundary region, we examined the possible influence of the interplanetary conditions on dayside ion beams and conics observed by the polar-orbiting Exos-D (Akebono) satellite. We found that both the solar wind velocity and density, as well as IMF By and Bz , affect the occurrence frequency of ion conics. The energy of ion conics also depends on the solar wind velocity, IMF By and Bz . The ion beams around the local noon are not significantly controlled by the interplanetary conditions. The results reveal that ion convection, as well as the energy source, is important to understand the production of dayside ion conics while that of ion beams basically reflects the intensity of local field-aligned currents.Key words. Ionosphere (particle acceleration) – magnetospheric physics (magnetopause, cusp, and boundary layers; magnetosphere ionosphere interaction)

The relationship of the scleractinian corals to the rugose corals

Paleobiology ◽  
1980 ◽  
Vol 6 (02) ◽  
pp. 146-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
William A. Oliver
Keyword(s):  
Critical Points ◽  
Scleractinian Corals ◽  
Convincing Evidence ◽  
Early Triassic ◽  
Rugose Corals ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Biologic Factors

The Mesozoic-Cenozoic coral Order Scleractinia has been suggested to have originated or evolved (1) by direct descent from the Paleozoic Order Rugosa or (2) by the development of a skeleton in members of one of the anemone groups that probably have existed throughout Phanerozoic time. In spite of much work on the subject, advocates of the direct descent hypothesis have failed to find convincing evidence of this relationship. Critical points are:(1) Rugosan septal insertion is serial; Scleractinian insertion is cyclic; no intermediate stages have been demonstrated. Apparent intermediates are Scleractinia having bilateral cyclic insertion or teratological Rugosa.(2) There is convincing evidence that the skeletons of many Rugosa were calcitic and none are known to be or to have been aragonitic. In contrast, the skeletons of all living Scleractinia are aragonitic and there is evidence that fossil Scleractinia were aragonitic also. The mineralogic difference is almost certainly due to intrinsic biologic factors.(3) No early Triassic corals of either group are known. This fact is not compelling (by itself) but is important in connection with points 1 and 2, because, given direct descent, both changes took place during this only stage in the history of the two groups in which there are no known corals.

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