scholarly journals Crystal growth of CuInSe2 single crystals by synthesis solute diffusion method with controlling the growth rate.

1999 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 40-41
Author(s):  
Kenji SAKAMOTO ◽  
Takahiko OKUMURA ◽  
Hiroaki MATSUSHITA ◽  
Akinori KATSUI
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Crystal Growth ◽  
Single Crystals ◽  
Solute Diffusion ◽  
Diffusion Method

scholarly journals Effect of Composition on the Growth of Single Crystals of (1−x)(Na1/2Bi1/2)TiO3-xSrTiO3 by Solid State Crystal Growth

Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (15) ◽  
pp. 2357 ◽  
Author(s):  
Le ◽  
Fisher ◽  
Moon
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Crystal Growth ◽  
Solid State ◽  
Single Crystal ◽  
Single Crystals ◽  
Grain Growth ◽  
Ceramic Powder ◽  
Single Crystal Growth ◽  
Crystal Growth Rate ◽  
Mixed Control

The (1−x)(Na1/2Bi1/2)TiO3-xSrTiO3 (NBT-100xST) system is a possible lead-free candidate for actuator applications because of its excellent strain vs. electric field behaviour. Use of single crystals instead of polycrystalline ceramics may lead to further improvement in piezoelectric properties but work on single crystal growth in this system is limited. In particular, the effect of composition on single crystal growth has yet to be studied. In this work, single crystals of (NBT-100xST) with x = 0.00, 0.05, 0.10 and 0.20 were grown using the method of Solid State Crystal Growth. [001]-oriented SrTiO3 single crystal seeds were embedded in (NBT-100xST) ceramic powder, which was then pressed to form pellets and sintered at 1200 °C for 5 min–50 h. Single crystal growth rate, matrix grain growth rate and sample microstructure were examined using scanning and transmission electron microscopy. The results indicate that the highest single crystal growth rate was obtained at x = 0.20. The mixed control theory of grain growth is used to explain the single crystal and matrix grain growth behaviour.

GROWTH RATES OF SINGLE CRYSTALS OF ETHYLENE DIAMINE TARTRATE

1955 ◽  
Vol 33 (6) ◽  
pp. 1155-1161 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. H. Booth ◽  
H. E. Buckley
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Crystal Growth ◽  
Single Crystals ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Rapid Growth ◽  
Polar Axis ◽  
Ethylene Diamine ◽  
Short Intervals ◽  
Steady Growth ◽  
Controlled Conditions

Single crystals of ethylene diamine tartrate were grown under controlled conditions and the growth rate of the faces measured directly in the solution at short intervals by means of a travelling microscope. For the [Formula: see text] pair of faces, the fastest growing form, steady growth at constant supersaturation was interrupted by occasional short periods of more rapid growth. Rejecting these erratic "spurts", reasonably reproducible values could be obtained, and the dependence upon supersaturation plotted. The equivalent faces at the opposite end of the polar axis of the crystal grew, at low supersaturation, with erratic starts and stops, so that reproducible growth-rate values could not be obtained. The results are discussed in relation to existing crystal growth theories.

The growth of large single crystals of the organic nonlinear optical material 2-(α-methylbenzylamino)-5-nitropyridine

1993 ◽  
Vol 440 (1910) ◽  
pp. 683-699 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Crystal Growth ◽  
Single Crystals ◽  
Nonlinear Optical ◽  
Device Fabrication ◽  
Optical Material ◽  
Nonlinear Optical Material ◽  
Growth Behaviour ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Induced Defects

The crystal growth behaviour of the important organic nonlinear optical material 2-(a-methylbenzylamino)-5-nitropyridine (MBANP) (space group P2 1 ) has been investigated and techniques have been developed for the preparation of large (up to 7 cm x 4 cm x 3 cm) high-quality single crystals suitable for detailed optical, dielectric, ultrasonic and piezoelectric studies and for device fabrication. Observation of the crystal growth behaviour and measurement of growth kinetics revealed a strong and anomalous dependence of growth rate on supersaturation. At relative supersaturations less than 0.08, slow growing irregular faces were formed. Once the crystal was completely bounded by such faces, little or no further growth occurred. At supersaturations below 0.24 no growth was observed in either <010> direction. Above this, rapid, but highly imperfect, growth occurred in one <010> direction while the opposite end of the crystal exhibited zero growth rate at all achievable supersaturations. At relative supersaturations greater than 0.4 considerable instability in the growth along [010] was observed. The factors potentially responsible for this behaviour are discussed. A novel technique is described for the preparation of seed crystals elongated parallel to <010>. The use of such seeds allows the growth of large crystals of MBANP at supersaturations less than 0.24, thereby avoiding the highly imperfect and unstable growth at higher supersaturations and yielding crystals of very high quality. The nature, density and distribution of growth induced defects in large crystals of MBANP have been investigated using X-ray diffraction topography. In addition to revealing growth dislocations, growth sector boundaries, inclusions and striations, these studies provide a detailed insight into the growth history of the crystals.

The Czochralski crystal growth system with a periodic crystal growth rate and no back-melting

1982 ◽  
Vol 379 (1777) ◽  
pp. 305-325 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Boundary Layer ◽  
Growth Rate ◽  
Temperature Field ◽  
Crystal Growth ◽  
Liquid Phase ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Crystal Growth Rate ◽  
Solute Diffusion ◽  
Czochralski Crystal Growth ◽  
Periodic Crystal

By considering the Czochralski crystal growth for a periodic crystal growth rate a solution procedure is developed for the hydrodynamic, temperature, and solute fields in the limit Sc → ∞, Re → ∞, σ → 0, ∆ → 0, where Sc is the Schmidt number, Re is the Reynolds number, σ the Prandtl number of the liquid phase and ∆ = D S / D L , D S and D L being the solute diffusivities in the solid and liquid phases respectively. With this process, solutions are developed as double perturbation series in SC -½ and ∆ , with the method of matched asymptotic expansions used to overcome any singular behaviour. The effect upon the hydrodynamic field of a periodic crystal growth rate is shown to be confined to a perturbation O ( Sc -½ ). In the liquid solute field a thin boundary layer forms within the viscous boundary layer; the structure of the solute field in this region is demonstrated. The solute field in the solid phase is also considered. For the temperature field a three-layer structure is revealed in the liquid phase, directly due to the fluctuating growth rate. The temperature field in the solid phase is also considered. This work lays the foundations for considering the role of solute diffusion in the solid when the crystal is allowed to melt back.

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