scholarly journals Studies on the Motor Function of the Tongue. Measurement of Spontaneous Maximum Tongue Movement in Healthy Adults.

2002 ◽  
Vol 52 (4) ◽  
pp. 237-241
Author(s):  
Kenji Mogi ◽  
Kuninori Sasaoka ◽  
Akihide Negishi ◽  
Shin-ichi Sasaki
Keyword(s):  
Motor Function ◽  
Healthy Adults ◽  
Tongue Movement

scholarly journals Contributions of HFE polymorphisms to brain and blood iron load, and their links to cognitive and motor function in healthy adults

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Grégoria Kalpouzos ◽  
Francesca Mangialasche ◽  
Farshad Falahati ◽  
Erika J Laukka ◽  
Goran Papenberg
Keyword(s):  
Motor Function ◽  
Healthy Adults ◽  
Iron Load

scholarly journals Cultural bias in motor function patterns: Potential relevance for predictive, preventive, and personalized medicine

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen Otte ◽  
Tobias Ellermeyer ◽  
Masahide Suzuki ◽  
Hanna M. Röhling ◽  
Ryota Kuroiwa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Personalized Medicine ◽  
Motor Function ◽  
Motor Performance ◽  
Body Height ◽  
Healthy Adults ◽  
Cultural Bias ◽  
Full Potential ◽  
Japanese Adults ◽  
Body Stature ◽  
Motion Assessment

Abstract Background Quantification of motor performance has a promising role in personalized medicine by diagnosing and monitoring, e.g. neurodegenerative diseases or health problems related to aging. New motion assessment technologies can evolve into patient-centered eHealth applications on a global scale to support personalized healthcare as well as treatment of disease. However, uncertainty remains on the limits of generalizability of such data, which is relevant specifically for preventive or predictive applications, using normative datasets to screen for incipient disease manifestations or indicators of individual risks. Objective This study explored differences between healthy German and Japanese adults in the performance of a short set of six motor tests. Methods Six motor tasks related to gait and balance were recorded with a validated 3D camera system. Twenty-five healthy adults from Chiba, Japan, participated in this study and were matched for age, sex, and BMI to a sample of 25 healthy adults from Berlin, Germany. Recordings used the same technical setup and standard instructions and were supervised by the same experienced operator. Differences in motor performance were analyzed using multiple linear regressions models, adjusted for differences in body stature. Results From 23 presented parameters, five showed group-related differences after adjustment for height and weight (R2 between .19 and .46, p<.05). Japanese adults transitioned faster between sitting and standing and used a smaller range of hand motion. In stepping-in-place, cadence was similar in both groups, but Japanese adults showed higher knee movement amplitudes. Body height was identified as relevant confounder (standardized beta >.5) for performance of short comfortable and maximum speed walks. For results of posturography, regression models did not reveal effects of group or body stature. Conclusions Our results support the existence of a population-specific bias in motor function patterns in young healthy adults. This needs to be considered when motor function is assessed and used for clinical decisions, especially for personalized predictive and preventive medical purposes. The bias affected only the performance of specific items and parameters and is not fully explained by population-specific ethnic differences in body stature. It may be partially explained as cultural bias related to motor habits. Observed effects were small but are expected to be larger in a non-controlled cross-cultural application of motion assessment technologies with relevance for related algorithms that are being developed and used for data processing. In sum, the interpretation of individual data should be related to appropriate population-specific or even better personalized normative values to yield its full potential and avoid misinterpretation.

Tongue Movement Estimation Based on Suprahyoid Muscle Activity

2014 ◽  
pp. 257-273
Author(s):  
Makoto Sasaki
Keyword(s):  
Motor Function ◽  
Muscle Activity ◽  
Surface Electromyography ◽  
Tongue Movement ◽  
Alternative Communication ◽  
Human Machine Interfaces ◽  
Tongue Movements ◽  
Novel Method ◽  
Suprahyoid Muscle ◽  
And Control

The motor function of the tongue often remains intact even in cases of severe movement paralysis. Therefore, tongue movements offer great potential for the design of highly efficient human-machine interfaces for alternative communication and control. This chapter introduces a novel method for tongue movement estimation based on analysis of surface electromyography (EMG) signals from the suprahyoid muscles, which usually function to open the mouth and to control the hyoid position.

scholarly journals Association between increased magnetic susceptibility of deep gray matter nuclei and decreased motor function in healthy adults

NeuroImage ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 105 ◽  
pp. 45-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Li ◽  
Christian Langkammer ◽  
Ying-Hui Chou ◽  
Katja Petrovic ◽  
Reinhold Schmidt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Susceptibility ◽  
Motor Function ◽  
Gray Matter ◽  
Healthy Adults ◽  
Deep Gray Matter

Automated Acoustic Analysis of Oral Diadochokinesis to Assess Bulbar Motor Involvement in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis

2020 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
Panying Rong
Keyword(s):  
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis ◽  
Acoustic Analysis ◽  
Speaking Rate ◽  
Disease Stage ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Tongue Movement ◽  
Major Barrier ◽  
Syllable Repetition ◽  
Oral Diadochokinesis ◽  
Lateral Sclerosis

Purpose The purpose of this article was to validate a novel acoustic analysis of oral diadochokinesis (DDK) in assessing bulbar motor involvement in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Method An automated acoustic DDK analysis was developed, which filtered out the voice features and extracted the envelope of the acoustic waveform reflecting the temporal pattern of syllable repetitions during an oral DDK task (i.e., repetitions of /tɑ/ at the maximum rate on 1 breath). Cycle-to-cycle temporal variability (cTV) of envelope fluctuations and syllable repetition rate (sylRate) were derived from the envelope and validated against 2 kinematic measures, which are tongue movement jitter (movJitter) and alternating tongue movement rate (AMR) during the DDK task, in 16 individuals with bulbar ALS and 18 healthy controls. After the validation, cTV, sylRate, movJitter, and AMR, along with an established clinical speech measure, that is, speaking rate (SR), were compared in their ability to (a) differentiate individuals with ALS from healthy controls and (b) detect early-stage bulbar declines in ALS. Results cTV and sylRate were significantly correlated with movJitter and AMR, respectively, across individuals with ALS and healthy controls, confirming the validity of the acoustic DDK analysis in extracting the temporal DDK pattern. Among all the acoustic and kinematic DDK measures, cTV showed the highest diagnostic accuracy (i.e., 0.87) with 80% sensitivity and 94% specificity in differentiating individuals with ALS from healthy controls, which outperformed the SR measure. Moreover, cTV showed a large increase during the early disease stage, which preceded the decline of SR. Conclusions This study provided preliminary validation of a novel automated acoustic DDK analysis in extracting a useful measure, namely, cTV, for early detection of bulbar ALS. This analysis overcame a major barrier in the existing acoustic DDK analysis, which is continuous voicing between syllables that interferes with syllable structures. This approach has potential clinical applications as a novel bulbar assessment.

Prevalence of Speech Problems and the Use of Augmentative and Alternative Communication in Children With Cerebral Palsy: A Registry-Based Study in Norway

2010 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guro Andersen ◽  
Tone R. Mjøen ◽  
Torstein Vik
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Motor Function ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Augmentative And Alternative Communication ◽  
Alternative Communication ◽  
Gross Motor ◽  
Gross Motor Function ◽  
Children With Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Communicative Abilities ◽  
Normal Speech

Abstract This study describes the prevalence of speech problems and the use of augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) in children with cerebral palsy (CP) in Norway. Information on the communicative abilities of 564 children with CP born 1996–2003, recorded in the Norwegian CP Registry, was collected. A total of 270 children (48%) had normal speech, 90 (16%) had slightly indistinct speech, 52 (9%) had indistinct speech, 35 (6%) had very indistinct speech, 110 children (19%) had no speech, and 7 (1%) were unknown. Speech problems were most common in children with dyskinetic CP (92 %), in children with the most severe gross motor function impairments and among children being totally dependent on assistance in feeding or tube-fed children. A higher proportion of children born at term had speech problems when compared with children born before 32 weeks of gestational age 32 (p > 0.001). Among the 197 children with speech problems only, 106 (54%) used AAC in some form. Approximately 20% of children had no verbal speech, whereas ~15% had significant speech problems. Among children with either significant speech problems or no speech, only 54% used AAC in any form.

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