scholarly journals The hypergroupoid of boundary conditions for local quantum observables

Author(s):  
Marcel Bischoff ◽  
Karl-Henning Rehren
2008 ◽  
Vol 8 (8&9) ◽  
pp. 741-755
Author(s):  
P. Wocjan ◽  
D. Janzing ◽  
T. Decker

We consider a hypothetical apparatus that implements measurements for arbitrary 4-local quantum observables A on n qubits. The apparatus implements the ``measurement algorithm'' after receiving a classical description of A. We show that a few precise measurements applied to a basis state would provide a probabilistic solution of PSPACE problems. The error probability decreases exponentially with the number of runs, if the measurement accuracy is of the order of the spectral gaps of the operator A. Moreover, every decision problem that can be solved by a deterministic quantum algorithm in T time steps can be encoded into a 4-local observable such that the solution requires only measurements of accuracy O(1/T). Provided that BQP$\neq$PSPACE, our result shows that efficient algorithms for precise measurements of general 4-local observables cannot exist. We conjecture that the class of physically existing interactions is large enough to allow the conclusion that precise energy measurements for general many-particle systems require control algorithms with high complexity.


2010 ◽  
Vol 104 (14) ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Acín ◽  
R. Augusiak ◽  
D. Cavalcanti ◽  
C. Hadley ◽  
J. K. Korbicz ◽  
...  

Author(s):  
John W. Coleman

In the design engineering of high performance electromagnetic lenses, the direct conversion of electron optical design data into drawings for reliable hardware is oftentimes difficult, especially in terms of how to mount parts to each other, how to tolerance dimensions, and how to specify finishes. An answer to this is in the use of magnetostatic analytics, corresponding to boundary conditions for the optical design. With such models, the magnetostatic force on a test pole along the axis may be examined, and in this way one may obtain priority listings for holding dimensions, relieving stresses, etc..The development of magnetostatic models most easily proceeds from the derivation of scalar potentials of separate geometric elements. These potentials can then be conbined at will because of the superposition characteristic of conservative force fields.


1981 ◽  
Vol 64 (11) ◽  
pp. 18-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tetsuya Nomura ◽  
Nobuhiro Miki ◽  
Nobuo Nagai

2018 ◽  
Vol 103 (9) ◽  
pp. 1019-1038 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lin Wang ◽  
Bradley P. Owens ◽  
Junchao (Jason) Li ◽  
Lihua Shi

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sabrina Volpone ◽  
Cristina Rubino ◽  
Ari A. Malka ◽  
Christiane Spitzmueller ◽  
Lindsay Brown

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silke Atmaca ◽  
Antje Hollander ◽  
Wolfgang Prinz

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