scholarly journals Removal of Estrogens in Municipal Wastewater Treatment by Coagulation and Foam Separation Using Powdered Activated Carbon

2003 ◽  
Vol 26 (11) ◽  
pp. 757-763 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoshihiro SUZUKI ◽  
Toshiroh MARUYAMA
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Powdered Activated Carbon ◽  
Municipal Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Foam Separation

Recirculation of powdered activated carbon for the adsorption of dyes in municipal wastewater treatment plants

1999 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 191-198 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Nicolet ◽  
U. Rott
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Great Part ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Powdered Activated Carbon ◽  
Municipal Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Positive Side ◽  
Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plants

The use and recirculation of powdered activated carbon (PAC) as an advanced treatment for colour removal in municipal wastewater treatment plants is presented. Studied wastewaters consist of domestic effluents with a high portion of dyehouse residual waters. The particularity of the treatment is that PAC is not disposed of before being recirculated several times. Therefore, it enables the use of a great part of the total adsorption capacity of the PAC. A positive side effect is that halogenated and refractory organic compounds, which are not degraded by micro-organisms in a conventional municipal wastewater treatment plant, are removed too. This paper describes results which were obtained in batch experiments and in a pilot plant during two years of observation, and concludes with advantages and drawbacks of this technology.

Factors affecting trihalomethane formation and speciation during chlorination of reclaimed water

2015 ◽  
Vol 72 (4) ◽  
pp. 616-622 ◽  
Author(s):  
Defang Ma ◽  
Baoyu Gao ◽  
Yan Wang ◽  
Qinyan Yue ◽  
Qian Li
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Contact Time ◽  
Membrane Bioreactor ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Reclaimed Water ◽  
Neutral Condition ◽  
Municipal Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Factors Affecting

A hybrid process with membrane bioreactor (MBR) and powdered activated carbon (PAC), PAC/MBR, was used for real municipal wastewater treatment and reuse. The roles of chlorine dose, contact time, pH and bromide in trihalomethane (THM) formation and speciation during chlorination of the reclaimed water were investigated. Total trihalomethane (TTHM) yield exponentially increased to maximum with increasing chlorine dose (correlation coefficient R2 = 0.98). Prolonging substrate chlorine contact time significantly promoted TTHM formation. Less than 40% of THMs formed in the first 24 h, indicating that the PAC/MBR effluent organic matters were mostly composed of slow-reacting precursors. Increasing pH and bromide concentration facilitated THM formation. Higher chlorine dose and contact time enhanced chloro-THM formation. The bromo-THM formation was favored at near neutral condition. Despite the variation of chlorine dose, contact time and pH, the yield of THM species in order was usually CHCl3 > CHBrCl2 > CHBr2Cl > CHBr3. However, THM speciation shifted from chlorinated species to brominated species with increasing bromide concentration.

Ozone and UV – a tool for multi-barrier concepts in water treatment

2006 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 17-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Ried ◽  
J. Mielcke
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Biological Treatment ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Drinking Water Treatment ◽  
Additional Treatment ◽  
Municipal Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Treatment Processes

The use of ozone and/or UV for water treatment processes is often a combination of an ozone and/or UV-step with additional treatment steps, e.g. biological treatment, flocculation, filtration and activated carbon. Therefore, it is necessary to develop an optimized combination of these different steps. This article will demonstrate the advantages presenting two examples for drinking water treatment and two examples for municipal wastewater treatment.

Capillary nanofiltration coupled with powdered activated carbon adsorption for high quality water reuse

2009 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 251-259 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Kazner ◽  
J. Meier ◽  
T. Wintgens ◽  
T. Melin
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Water Reuse ◽  
Membrane Filtration ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Powdered Activated Carbon ◽  
Transmembrane Pressure ◽  
Municipal Wastewater Treatment ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Quality Water

Direct capillary nanofiltration was tested for reclamation of tertiary effluent from a municipal wastewater treatment plant. This process can be regarded as a promising treatment alternative for high quality water reuse applications when combined with powdered activated carbon for enhanced removal of organic compounds. The nanofiltration was operated at flux levels between 20 and 25 L/(m2 h) at a transmembrane pressure difference of 2–3 bar for approximately 4,000 operating hours. The study was conducted with PAC doses in the range from 0 to 50 mg/L. The plant removal for DOC ranged from 88–98%. The sulfate retention of the membrane filtration process was between 87 and 96%. The process provided a consistently high permeate quality with respect to organic and inorganic key parameters.

Removal of endocrine disruptors and cytostatics from effluent by nanofiltration in combination with adsorption on powdered activated carbon

2008 ◽  
Vol 58 (8) ◽  
pp. 1699-1706 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Kazner ◽  
K. Lehnberg ◽  
L. Kovalova ◽  
T. Wintgens ◽  
T. Melin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Endocrine Disruptors ◽  
Water Reuse ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Underlying Mechanism ◽  
Powdered Activated Carbon ◽  
Municipal Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Total Removal ◽  
Coke Dust

Direct capillary nanofiltration also in combination with an upstream powdered activated carbon treatment was tested for high quality water reuse of tertiary effluent from a municipal wastewater treatment plant. Two endocrine disruptors (BPA and EE2) and two cytostatics (CytR and 5-FU) were spiked in concentrations of 1 to 2 μg/L to evaluate the process performance. In direct NF the real total removal of the micropollutants was between 5 and 40%. Adsorption to the membrane played a major role leading to a seemingly total removal between 35 and 70%. Addition of powdered activated carbon and lignite coke dust largely reduced the influence from adsorption to the membrane and increased the total removal to >95 to 99.9% depending on the PAC type and dose. The cytostatics showed already in direct NF a very high removal due to unspecified losses. Further investigations are ongoing to understand the underlying mechanism. The PAC/NF process provided a consistently high permeate quality with respect to bulk and trace organics.

Comparing the effluent organic matter removal of direct NF and powdered activated carbon/NF as high quality pretreatment options for artificial groundwater recharge

2008 ◽  
Vol 57 (6) ◽  
pp. 821-827 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Kazner ◽  
T. Wintgens ◽  
T. Melin ◽  
S. Baghoth ◽  
S. Sharma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Water Reuse ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Powdered Activated Carbon ◽  
Size Exclusion ◽  
Municipal Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Effluent Organic Matter ◽  
High Quality

Direct nanofiltration and nanofiltration combined with powdered activated carbon known as the PAC/NF process were tested regarding the removal of effluent organic matter for reclamation of tertiary effluent from a municipal wastewater treatment plant. They can be regarded as a promising treatment alternative for high quality water reuse applications, especially for direct injection. The total removal for DOC was above 90% with permeate concentrations below 0.5 mg/l. Size exclusion chromatography and fluorescence EEM proved to trace origin of the organic matter even in low concentration ranges. The type and dosage of adsorbent influences the process performance significantly and allows process optimization.

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