scholarly journals Effectiveness of hepatitis virus tests with on-site results in identifying middle-aged individuals with latent viral hepatitis

Kanzo ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-15
Author(s):  
Yukiteru Yanabe ◽  
Fusao Ikeda ◽  
Shin-ichi Fujioka ◽  
Hiromi Endo ◽  
Masayo Hirata ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Viral Hepatitis ◽  
Hepatitis Virus ◽  
Middle Aged

Viral Hepatitis Other than A, B, or C

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nadeem Anwar ◽  
Kenneth E. Sherman
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Viral Hepatitis ◽  
Hepatitis E Virus ◽  
Hepatitis Virus ◽  
Cell Damage ◽  
Hepatitis E ◽  
Hepatitis D ◽  
Hepatitis D Virus ◽  
Treatment And Prevention ◽  
Key Words Hepatitis

Viral hepatitis is a global, although variably distributed, health problem associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Infection with a hepatitis virus leads to acute inflammation and liver cell damage (hepatocyte injury). Such infection may be symptomatic or subclinical and may result in disease resolution, death from fulminant hepatic failure, or development of  a chronic disease state. Whereas the chronic infection with hepatitis B and C accounts for a global burden of more than 500,000,000 cases, the global death rate from all types of hepatitis is approximately 1 million people annually. This review focuses on the virology, epidemiology, clinical features, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of hepatitis D and hepatitis E, as well as other viruses associated with hepatitis. Figures show the global distribution of hepatitis D infection, elevation of anti–hepatitis D virus antibodies in hepatitis B/hepatitis D virus coinfection, geographic distribution of hepatitis E virus by genotype, factors significant in the pathogenesis of hepatitis E, and pattern of antibody elevation in hepatitis E. The table lists proposed diagnostic criteria for hepatitis E virus. This review contains 5 highly rendered figures, 1 table, and 42 references. Key words: hepatitis D, hepatitis D virus, hepatitis E, hepatitis E virus, non-A hepatitis, non-B hepatitis, non-C hepatitis, viral hepatitis 

scholarly journals Surgical treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis in patients with concurrent parenteral viral hepatitis

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (6) ◽  
pp. 22-26
Author(s):  
S. N. Shugаevа ◽  
А. E. Suzdаlnitskiy ◽  
E. D. Sаvilov ◽  
S. I. Mаlov ◽  
I. V. Mаlov
Keyword(s):  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Surgical Treatment ◽  
Viral Hepatitis ◽  
Hepatitis Virus ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Surgical Interventions ◽  
Tuberculosis Patients ◽  
Continuous Sampling ◽  
Extensive Drug Resistance ◽  
Chronic Course

The objective: to assess the effect of parenteral viral hepatitis on the manifestations of respiratory tuberculosis and the nature of surgical interventions for tuberculosis.Subjects and methods. An ambispective observational study was conducted with a continuous sampling of 475 respiratory tuberculosis patients over 18 years old who underwent surgical interventions. The patients are divided into two groups: the group of RTB+PVH consisted of 92 patients with concurrent respiratory tuberculosis and chronic parenteral viral hepatitis; the group of RTB included 383 patients with respiratory tuberculosis and no parenteral viral hepatitis.Results. It was found that compared with RTB group, in RTB+PVH group (regardless of the type of hepatitis virus), a chronic course of tuberculosis was registered significantly more often (42.4%; p = 0.005; OS = 2.0); more often bacillary excretion was documented (68.5%; p = 0.035; OR = 1.7), including those with multiple and extensive drug resistance (52.4% of cases with positive sputum tests, p = 0.048; OR = 1.8). Radical (69.6%; p = 0.05; OS = 1.7) and small-scale surgical interventions (64.1%; p = 0.037; OS = 1.8) were significantly less frequently performed in RTB+PVH patients; and such patients often developed postoperative complications (8.7%; p = 0.009; OS = 2.9).

New challenges in viral hepatitis

Gut ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 61 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. i1-i5 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Thomas ◽  
Fabien Zoulim
Keyword(s):  
Viral Hepatitis ◽  
Hepatitis Virus ◽  
Virus Infections ◽  
The Past ◽  
Treatment And Prevention ◽  
Introductory Article ◽  
Key Issues ◽  
New Challenges ◽  
Reliable Methods ◽  
Remarkable Progress

Over the past few decades there has been remarkable progress in viral hepatitis. Beginning with discovery of the viral agents, we now have reliable methods to diagnose and monitor all hepatitis virus infections, as well significant advances in treatment and prevention. Nonetheless, important challenges remain. This supplement to Gut looks forward to the next generation of challenges in the field of viral hepatitis, and this introductory article highlights several key issues.

Viral Hepatitis Other Than A, B, or C

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nadeem Anwar ◽  
Kenneth E. Sherman
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Viral Hepatitis ◽  
Hepatitis E Virus ◽  
Hepatitis Virus ◽  
Cell Damage ◽  
Hepatitis E ◽  
Hepatitis D ◽  
Hepatitis D Virus ◽  
Treatment And Prevention ◽  
Key Words Hepatitis

Viral hepatitis is a global, although variably distributed, health problem associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Infection with a hepatitis virus leads to acute inflammation and liver cell damage (hepatocyte injury). Such infection may be symptomatic or subclinical and may result in disease resolution, death from fulminant hepatic failure, or development of  a chronic disease state. Whereas the chronic infection with hepatitis B and C accounts for a global burden of more than 500,000,000 cases, the global death rate from all types of hepatitis is approximately 1 million people annually. This review focuses on the virology, epidemiology, clinical features, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of hepatitis D and hepatitis E, as well as other viruses associated with hepatitis. Figures show the global distribution of hepatitis D infection, elevation of anti–hepatitis D virus antibodies in hepatitis B/hepatitis D virus coinfection, geographic distribution of hepatitis E virus by genotype, factors significant in the pathogenesis of hepatitis E, and pattern of antibody elevation in hepatitis E. The table lists proposed diagnostic criteria for hepatitis E virus. This review contains 5 highly rendered figures, 1 table, and 42 references. Key words: hepatitis D, hepatitis D virus, hepatitis E, hepatitis E virus, non-A hepatitis, non-B hepatitis, non-C hepatitis, viral hepatitis 

scholarly journals Pancreatitis Associated with Viral Hepatitis: Systematic Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 3309
Author(s):  
Nikola Panic ◽  
Sladjana Mihajlovic ◽  
Miroslav Vujasinovic ◽  
Milutin Bulajic ◽  
Johannes-Matthias Löhr
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Viral Hepatitis ◽  
Hepatitis A Virus ◽  
Hepatitis Virus ◽  
Hepatitis E ◽  
Therapeutic Approaches ◽  
Substantial Impact ◽  
Pancreatic Involvement ◽  
B Virus ◽  
Reporting Data

Background: We conducted a systematic review in order to summarize the available data on pancreatitis associated with viral hepatitis. Methods: A comprehensive literature search of Medline, Scopus and ISI Web of Science databases was conducted and papers eligible for the inclusion identified. Results: In total, 46 studies reporting data on 73 patients were included in the analysis. Most of the cases were diagnosed in Asia (57.53%), followed by North America (23.29%), and Europe (13.70%). Most of the patients were affected by hepatitis A virus (HAV) (42.47%), followed by hepatitis E virus (HEV) (28.77%), hepatitis B virus (HBV) (8.22%), and hepatitis C virus (HCV) (1.37%), while 17.81% at the time of diagnosis were classified as affected by “hepatitis virus”. Pancreatitis was severe in 32.88% of cases. The respiratory system was affected in 2.74% of patients, 6.85% experienced renal failure, while 5.48% experienced a multiorgan dysfunction syndrome (MODS). Four patients (5.48%) needed pancreatic surgery. Despite the treatment, 21.92% of patients died. We identified fulminant hepatitis (p < 0.0001), MODS (p < 0.0001) and severe pancreatitis (p < 0.0001) to be significantly more present in patients who died in comparison to cured ones. Conclusion: Increased awareness of pancreatic involvement in viral hepatitis is needed because it can have a substantial impact on therapeutic approaches and outcomes.

scholarly journals The Frequency of Hepatitis Virus Infection Markers Among Highly Qualified Sportsmen

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 305-313
Author(s):  
L. Yu. Ilchenko ◽  
I. A. Morozov ◽  
T. V. Kozhanova ◽  
N. V. Soboleva ◽  
L. I. Melnikova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Virus Infection ◽  
Blood Serum ◽  
Viral Hepatitis ◽  
Hepatitis A ◽  
Acute Viral Hepatitis ◽  
Hepatitis Virus ◽  
Highly Qualified ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Infection Markers

Study Objective is to evaluate prevalence of hepatitis A, B, C, E, and TT virus infection markers in highly qualified sportsmen. Study Design: multicenter open single-site clinical study.Materials and Methods: 100 blood serum samples of sportsmen (game, complex coordination, technical, etc.) were studied. Biological material (blood serum) was obtained from 54 men and 46 women aged 16 to 45 years during an in-depth medical examination. All sportsmen filled out a questionnaire, including demographic data, description of the sport, information about infection risk factors, information about the presence of acute viral hepatitis and vaccination. Anti-HAV IgG, HBsAg, anti-HBcore, anti-HCV, anti-HEV IgG, anti-HEV IgM were determined in the blood serum by enzyme immunoassay; using polymerase chain reaction — DNA Anelloviridae (TTV, TTMDV, TTMV). Study Results: Anti-HAV IgG was detected in 57/66 (86,4%) sportsmen, women (91,2%) predominated, among them a third were engaged in synchronized swimming. 7/57 (12,3%) of the examined had indications of vaccination against hepatitis A. The frequency of anti-HEV IgG did not exceed 3% (2/66). anti-HEV IgM were not detected in any case. Also, none of the examined sportsmen in the blood serum was not determined HBsAg. However, anti-HBcore (marker of latent HBV infection) was detected in 13% (13/100) of the samples. The detection rate of anti-HCV was low, combined with the presence of anti-HBcore was 2% (2/100). In addition, DNA TTV, TTMDV and TTMV, respectively, were found in serum samples from 66/100 (86%), 79/100 (79%), 71/100 of sportsmen. Conclusion: The high frequency of hepatitis virus markers was found (HAV — 74,1%, TTV/TTMDV /TTMV — 71-86%), HBV — 13%, HEV — 3%, HCV — 2%). All patients denied a history of acute viral hepatitis. Vaccination against hepatitis A and B is a modern strategy that prevents infection and the development of acute viral hepatitis. Its mandatory holding should become part of the targeted preparation of sportsmen to achieve the highest sports results. 

scholarly journals STATUS OF HEPATITIS A VIRUS (HAV) AND HEPATITIS E VIRUS (HEV) INFECTION IN THE PATIENTS PRESENTING WITH ACUTE VIRAL HEPATITIS ATTENDING A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL IN JHALAWAR, RAJASTHAN

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Adhunika Singh ◽  
Yogendra Kumar Tiwari
Keyword(s):  
Viral Hepatitis ◽  
Hepatitis A Virus ◽  
Hepatitis Virus ◽  
Burden Of Illness ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Asia Pacific ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Hepatitis Viruses ◽  
Common Cause ◽  
The World

Viral hepatitis refers to a primary infection and inflammation of the liver by any of the heterogenous group of hepatitis virus types A,B,C,D and E.1 The condition can be self-limiting or can progress to fibrosis (scarring), cirrhosis or liver cancer. Hepatitis viruses are the most common cause of hepatitis in the world but other infections, toxic substances (e.g. alcohol, certain drugs), and autoimmune diseases can also cause hepatitis. There are 5 main hepatitis viruses, referred to as types A, B, C, D and E. These 5 types are of greatest concern because of the burden of illness and death they cause and the potential for outbreaks and epidemic spread. In particular, types B and C lead to chronic disease in hundreds of millions of people and, together, are the most common cause of liver cirrhosis and cancer. Around 400 million people all over the world suffer from chronic hepatitis and the Asia-Pacific region constitutes the epicentre of this epidemic.2

Towards curative therapy of chronic viral hepatitis

2019 ◽  
Vol 57 (01) ◽  
pp. 61-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ralf Bartenschlager ◽  
Stephan Urban ◽  
Ulrike Protzer
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Hepatitis ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Viral Hepatitis ◽  
Hepatitis Virus ◽  
Chronic Viral Hepatitis ◽  
World Health ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Major Step ◽  
Hepatitis D ◽  
Curative Therapy

AbstractPersistent infection with hepatitis viruses is a major medical burden that unfortunately is often ignored in the general public. This results in a massive under-diagnosis of these infections. According to the world health organization, the number of people dying every year from the consequence of hepatitis virus infection has surpassed the death rate caused by malaria and HIV and is equivalent to the one of tuberculosis. These numbers call for more intense efforts to devise more effective, ideally curative therapies that must become as widely accessible as they are e. g. for HIV infected individuals. A major step forward has been the development of curative antiviral therapy for chronic hepatitis C. In the case of hepatitis D virus, new drug candidates have been developed that should receive conditional approval very soon. For chronic hepatitis B, development is lagging behind but thanks to a re-emerging interest of pharmaceutical industry that was triggered by the success of hepatitis C therapy and the availability of novel infection systems, new attempts towards curative approaches for this highly prevalent infection are undertaken. Here we summarize the current status of therapy development for chronic viral hepatitis that ultimately aims at cure.

scholarly journals The Management of Chronic Viral Hepatitis: A Canadian Consensus Conference 2004

2004 ◽  
Vol 18 (12) ◽  
pp. 715-728 ◽  
Author(s):  
Morris Sherman ◽  
Vincent Bain ◽  
Jean-Pierre Villeneuve ◽  
Robert P Myers ◽  
Curtis Cooper ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Hepatitis ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Viral Hepatitis ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Hepatitis Virus ◽  
Chronic Viral Hepatitis ◽  
Consensus Conference ◽  
Health Staff ◽  
Care Providers

Several government and nongovernment organizations held a consensus conference on the management of acute and chronic viral hepatitis to update previous management recommendations. The conference became necessary because of the introduction of new forms of therapy for both hepatitis B and hepatitis C. The conference issued recommendations on the investigation and management of chronic hepatitis B, including the use of lamivudine, adefovir and interferon. The treatment of hepatitis B in several special situations was also discussed. There were also recommendations on the investigation and treatment of chronic hepatitis C and hepatitis C-HIV coinfection. In addition, the document makes some recommendations about the provision of services by provincial governments to facilitate the delivery of care to patients with hepatitis virus infection. The present document is meant to be used by practitioners and other health care providers, including public health staff and others not directly involved in patient care.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document