Illegal migration and trafficking in human beings in the European Union after 2012

The article presents migration as a threat to international security in the 21st century. The first part presents the problem of people migrating to Europe, including third-country nationals. It is shown that uncontrolled mass migration has forced European countries to provide budget, shelter and counselling for migrants. Furthermore, there were many cases when migration met with disapproval of indigenous people and fear of the impossibility of integrating different cultures and customs. European Union has introduced financial tools to support member countries in financing migration-related problems including the Asylum, Migration and Integration Fund; and the Internal Security Fund. The article also mentions the European immigration policy adopted in 1999. The second part of the article refers to negative effects of migration: trafficking in human beings and forced labour. It is shown that they are widely practiced. To eliminate illegal activities, actions, which the author describes, are being taken within Europe. Polish people have also experienced trafficking in human beings and forced labour abroad. Such crimes have been reported within Poland as well. Finally the author states that the security of the European Union is threatened not only by external migrants, but also by citizens who migrate internally.

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Criminal-legal Aspects of Combating Trafficking in Human Beings in Conditions of Action of Ukraine Association Agreement with the European Union

Legal Regulation of the Economy ◽

10.33111/lre.2017.16.190 ◽

2017 ◽

pp. 190-201

Author(s):

Iryna Vasylkivska

Keyword(s):

European Union ◽

Legal Aspects ◽

The European Union ◽

Human Beings ◽

Association Agreement ◽

Trafficking In Human Beings

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Trafficking in Human Beings for the Purpose of Labour Exploitation

Netherlands Quarterly of Human Rights ◽

10.1177/016934411603400404 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 34 (4) ◽

pp. 318-339 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Julia Planitzer

Keyword(s):

European Union ◽

Human Rights ◽

Supply Chain ◽

Supply Chains ◽

The European Union ◽

Human Beings ◽

The United Kingdom ◽

Labour Exploitation ◽

Modern Slavery ◽

Trafficking In Human Beings

This article gives an overview of current legal initiatives for enhanced transparency regulations for corporations and the actions they take against trafficking in human beings (THB). The California Transparency in Supply Chains Act (CTSCA) has an influence on legal initiatives in Europe, in particular in the United Kingdom. The UK's Modern Slavery Act includes the obligation for corporations to report on actions taken against THB and slavery. In addition, at the European Union level, measures to enhance obligatory reporting on non-fnancial matters, such as human rights matters, are to be implemented in national legislation in the next years. This article compares the California Transparency in Supply Chains Act with the UK's Modern Slavery Act. In order to decrease exploitation along the supply chain, the article concludes that legislation should not only require obligatory reporting but also oblige corporations to implement measures to prevent THB related to their activities.

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Directive 2011/36/EU on Combating Trafficking in Human Beings

New Journal of European Criminal Law ◽

10.1177/203228441600700406 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 7 (4) ◽

pp. 465-482 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Elisavet Symeonidou-Kastanidou

Keyword(s):

European Union ◽

Human Trafficking ◽

Crime Prevention ◽

Institutional Framework ◽

The European Union ◽

Human Beings ◽

Effective Application ◽

Trafficking In Human Beings ◽

Victim Protection ◽

Made In

Directive 2011/36/EU constituted a very important step towards a “holistic” tackling of human trafficking in the European Union, incorporating provisions not only for the criminalisation and prosecution of trafficking, but also for victim protection and crime prevention. Nonetheless, many problems still exist with regard to the content or the implementation of these provisions, which seem to prevent or limit their effective application. Therefore, after presenting the main changes that Directive 2011/36/EU introduced in the institutional framework to address human trafficking, an effort is made in this study both to identify these problems and to present specific proposals for their confrontation in view of the Commission's plans to develop a new post-2016 anti-trafficking Strategy.

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Societal and Economic Elements of Trafficking in Human Beings into the European Union

Issues in Ethnology and Anthropology ◽

10.21301/eap.v7i3.11 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 7 (3) ◽

pp. 831-852

Author(s):

Alfred Wong ◽

Roxanne Gomes

Keyword(s):

European Union ◽

The European Union ◽

Human Beings ◽

Trafficking In Persons ◽

Host Countries ◽

Transnational Organized Crime ◽

The Past ◽

United Nations Convention ◽

Trafficking In Human Beings ◽

The Eu

The European Union (EU) is an early signatory of the United Nations Convention against Transnational Organized Crime. During the past decade, the EU has been undertaking various measures to conform to the "Protocol to Prevent, Suppress and Punish Trafficking in Persons". The mitigating strategy has been largely based on the enforcement of existing and new laws, inside as well as outside of the EU. To date, the results have been largely ineffective. Addressing the societal and economic elements of home and host countries could be a more enduring means to alleviate the problem of trafficking in human beings.

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International legal experience in combating illegal migration by sea

Uzhhorod National University Herald. Series: Law ◽

10.24144/2307-3322.2021.66.47 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 66 ◽

pp. 284-287

Author(s):

O.O. Kukshynova ◽

A. O. Samoilenko

Keyword(s):

European Union ◽

Legal Framework ◽

Legal Regulation ◽

European Countries ◽

The European Union ◽

Illegal Migration ◽

Illegal Migrants ◽

Theoretical Approaches ◽

The Impact ◽

Treaty Of Amsterdam

This article highlights the impact of international law on the global process of illegal migration, reveals a number of international problems related to international migration, in particular by sea, identifies the main factors influencing illegal migration in general, indicates the state of illegal migration in various European Union countries. attention is paid to such important international legal instruments as the Schengen Agreement of 1985 and 1990, the Dublin Convention of 1990, the Maastricht Treaty of 1992 and the Treaty of Amsterdam of 1997. The article also focuses on the European Union agency, which deals with the protection of external borders and their protection from illegal migrants, in particular, by sea.The analysis of theoretical and practical aspects of combating illegal migration by sea at the international level, as well as in the development of scientific and theoretical approaches to solving migration problems, characterizes the legal regulation of combating illegal migration by maritime transport and maritime participation established intergovernmental bodies. The main tools of the European Union to combat illegal migration by sea, which can be used to improve the legal regulation of migration authorities of other countries, as well as substantiate the organizational and legal framework of European countries in the field of legal support to combat illegal migration by sea.The actions of European states represented by the relevant state bodies in solving the problems of illegal migration with the help of merchant fleets of European countries are studied. The article pays attention to the influence of illegal migration on the formation and change of legal awareness of society, as the beginning of the formation of criminogenic factors among illegal migrants in the host country.

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