scholarly journals Evaluation of Salinity Tolerance in allotetraploid Cotton (Gossypium sp.) Genotypes, Using Multivariate Statistical Methods and Stress Tolerance Indices at Germination Stage

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 93-110
Author(s):  
Nafise Taghizadeh ◽  
Gholamali Ranjbar ◽  
Ghorbanali Nematzadeh ◽  
Mohammadreza Ramzanimoghdam ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stress Tolerance ◽  
Statistical Methods ◽  
Salinity Tolerance ◽  
Multivariate Statistical Methods ◽  
Multivariate Statistical ◽  
Tolerance Indices ◽  
Germination Stage ◽  
Allotetraploid Cotton

Null se constructions in Brazilian and European Portuguese: morphosyntactic deletion or emergence of new constructions?

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Augusto Soares da Silva ◽  
Susana Afonso ◽  
Dafne Palú ◽  
Karlien Franco
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Methods ◽  
External Factors ◽  
Important Predictor ◽  
Cognitive Grammar ◽  
Multivariate Statistical Methods ◽  
Multivariate Statistical ◽  
Passive Construction ◽  
European Portuguese ◽  
Change Of State ◽  
The Moment

Abstract Se constructions designate a set of polysemous constructions along a transitivity continuum marked by the clitic se that perform various functions: reflexive/reciprocal, middle, anticausative, passive, and impersonal. A counterpart of these constructions without the clitic – the null se construction – is also attested. Based on an extensive usage-feature and profile-based analysis, and using multivariate statistical methods, we analyze, considering Cognitive Grammar, the conceptual, structural, and lectal factors that determine the choice between overt and null se constructions. The results of the study show that the null constructions are far more frequent in Brazilian (BP) than in European Portuguese (EP). In BP, the focus on the moment of change is a crucial factor for the overt/null variation in reflexive/reciprocal, middle, anticausative, and impersonal constructions. If the moment of the change of state is profiled, the overt se construction is usually produced. If the moment of change is not profiled, the null se construction is preferred. External factors also play a role in the variation. Register is an important predictor for the observed variation of the anticausative construction, and the only predictor for the overt/null variation in the case of the passive construction. In EP, the null se variant is mainly limited to anticausative constructions. In all cases of null constructions, there is a shift to an absolute construal, which has an impact on the way that the transitivity continuum is conceptualized.

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