scholarly journals Wheat Leaf Rust Disease Severity Estimation Using Reflectance Spectrum Coding Methods

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 17-30
Author(s):  
Mohamad Reza Mobasheri ◽  
Pegah Darouei ◽  
Davood Ashourloo ◽  
◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Rust ◽  
Disease Severity ◽  
Reflectance Spectrum ◽  
Wheat Leaf Rust ◽  
Rust Disease ◽  
Severity Estimation ◽  
Wheat Leaf ◽  
Spectrum Coding

scholarly journals Efficacy of plant extracts in controlling wheat leaf rust disease caused by Puccinia triticina

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasser M. Shabana ◽  
Mohamed E. Abdalla ◽  
Atef A. Shahin ◽  
Mohammed M. El-Sawy ◽  
Ibrahim S. Draz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Rust ◽  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Puccinia Triticina ◽  
Wheat Leaf Rust ◽  
Rust Disease ◽  
Wheat Leaf

Virulence and molecular polymorphisms of the wheat leaf rust fungus Puccinia triticina in Canada from 1997 to 2007

Botany ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 88 (6) ◽  
pp. 575-589 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiben Wang ◽  
Guus Bakkeren ◽  
Brent McCallum
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Rust ◽  
Expressed Sequence Tag ◽  
Rust Fungus ◽  
Puccinia Triticina ◽  
Leaf Rust Resistance ◽  
Significant Shift ◽  
Wheat Leaf Rust ◽  
Rust Disease ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Wheat Leaf

Populations of Puccinia triticina , one of the casual agents of wheat leaf rust disease, in the pacific (British Columbia and Alberta), prairie (Manitoba and Saskatchewan), and eastern regions (Quebec and Ontario) of Canada from 1997 to 2007 were analyzed for virulence and genetic diversity by revealing expressed sequence tag derived simple sequence repeat (EST-SSR) polymorphisms. Since 1997, a significant shift in the virulence of P. triticina occurred across Canada. The diversity of P. triticina virulence phenotypes in Manitoba and Saskatchewan, as measured by Shannon and Simpson indexes, decreased due to the directional selection toward predominant virulence phenotypes, whereas it remained relatively constant in Quebec and Ontario. The clustering of P. triticina virulence phenotypes from 1997 to 2007 was similar to that found in previous years, and was correlated with virulence to leaf rust resistance genes Lr2a, Lr2c, and Lr17a. Distinct EST-SSR profiles were found in different groups of P. triticina virulence phenotypes based on virulence to Lr2a, Lr2c, and Lr17a. In addition, the population of P. triticina in Manitoba and Saskatchewan was different from that in Quebec and Ontario from 1997 to 2007, based on both virulence characteristics and EST-SSR genotypes.

scholarly journals Geographical Distribution of Physiologic Races of Puccinia triticina and Postulation of Resistance Genes in New Wheat Cultivars in Egypt

2012 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nour E. K. Soliman ◽  
Ashraf M. M. Abdelbacki ◽  
Mohammad A.A. Najeeb ◽  
Reda I. Omara
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Rust ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Puccinia Triticina ◽  
Wheat Cultivars ◽  
Wheat Leaf Rust ◽  
Rust Disease ◽  
Lr Genes ◽  
Wheat Leaf ◽  
Physiologic Races

Knowledge of the geographical distribution for physiologic races of Puccinia triticina and identification of leaf rust resistance genes (Lr ,s) in the recent Egyptian wheat cultivars are essential for maximizing resistance in future-bred cultivars. The  aim   of   this   study   was   to   know   the   status  of resistance in Egyptian wheat cultivars against wheat leaf rust and the most frequent race distributed. Infected samples were collected from five Governorates, i.e.,  Dakahlia,  Kafr el-Sheikh,  Beheira,  Sharqia  and  Sohag comprised the wheat growing area in Egypt. These samples were isolated, purified and identified on the differential stes. Gene postulation was done using fifteen identified races on Egyptian wheat cultivars correlated with Lr genes. Thirty three races identified during three seasons 2009/2010, 2010/2011 and 2011/2012. The most frequent race was TK (10%) followed by race BB (7.58%), PK (6.55%), TT (4.82%), PT (3.79%) and MT (3.44%). Moreover, races; BB, TT and PT were present during three seasons while these races appeared in some Governorates and disappeared in other Governorates. On the other hand, the most frequently occurring gene in ten Egyptian wheat cultivars was Lr35 (70%), followed by Lr22 (60%), Lr27 (40%), Lr34 (30%), Lr19 (30%),Lr18 (10%),Lr36 (10%) and Lr46 (10%), eight out of sixteen Lr genes were not present in the tested cultivars. It is concluded that there was a good variation in Lr genes carried by wheat cultivars commercially grown in Egypt. Therefore, strategies for deploying resistance genes to prolong effective disease resistance are suggested to control wheat leaf rust disease.

scholarly journals A Chromosome-Scale Assembly of the Wheat Leaf Rust Pathogen Puccinia triticina Provides Insights Into Structural Variations and Genetic Relationships With Haplotype Resolution

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Qin Wu ◽  
Long Song ◽  
Yi Ding ◽  
Chongmei Dong ◽  
Mafruha Hasan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Rust ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Genetic Relationships ◽  
Durable Resistance ◽  
Puccinia Triticina ◽  
Wheat Leaf Rust ◽  
Structural Variations ◽  
Rust Disease ◽  
Rust Pathogen ◽  
Wheat Leaf

Despite the global economic importance of the wheat leaf rust pathogen Puccinia triticina (Pt), genomic resources for Pt are limited and chromosome-level assemblies of Pt are lacking. Here, we present a complete haplotype-resolved genome assembly at a chromosome-scale for Pt using the Australian pathotype 64-(6),(7),(10),11 (Pt64; North American race LBBQB) built upon the newly developed technologies of PacBio and Hi-C sequencing. PacBio reads with ∼200-fold coverage (29.8 Gb data) were assembled by Falcon and Falcon-unzip and subsequently scaffolded with Hi-C data using Falcon-phase and Proximo. This approach allowed us to construct 18 chromosome pseudomolecules ranging from 3.5 to 12.3 Mb in size for each haplotype of the dikaryotic genome of Pt64. Each haplotype had a total length of ∼147 Mb, scaffold N50 of ∼9.4 Mb, and was ∼93% complete for BUSCOs. Each haplotype had ∼29,800 predicted genes, of which ∼2,000 were predicted as secreted proteins (SPs). The investigation of structural variants (SVs) between haplotypes A and B revealed that 10% of the total genome was spanned by SVs, highlighting variations previously undetected by short-read based assemblies. For the first time, the mating type (MAT) genes on each haplotype of Pt64 were identified, which showed that MAT loci a and b are located on two chromosomes (chromosomes 7 and 14), representing a tetrapolar type. Furthermore, the Pt64 assembly enabled haplotype-based evolutionary analyses for 21 Australian Pt isolates, which highlighted the importance of a haplotype resolved reference when inferring genetic relationships using whole genome SNPs. This Pt64 assembly at chromosome-scale with full phase information provides an invaluable resource for genomic and evolutionary research, which will accelerate the understanding of molecular mechanisms underlying Pt-wheat interactions and facilitate the development of durable resistance to leaf rust in wheat and sustainable control of rust disease.

scholarly journals First Report of Wheat Leaf Rust in the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg and the Progress of its Appearance over the 2003–2008 Period

Plant Disease ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 93 (9) ◽  
pp. 971-971 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. El Jarroudi ◽  
F. Giraud ◽  
C. Vrancken ◽  
J. Junk ◽  
B. Tychon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Rust ◽  
Disease Severity ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Severe Drought ◽  
Wheat Leaf Rust ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Wheat Leaf ◽  
Spring Temperatures ◽  
Grand Duchy

Wheat leaf rust caused by Puccinia triticina Eriks. was identified for the first time in 2000 in the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg on the basis of orange-to-brown, round-to-ovoid, erumpent uredinia (1 to 1.5 mm in diameter) scattered on the upper and lower leaf surfaces and producing orange-brown urediniospores that are subgloboid, approximately 20 μm in diameter, and with up to eight germ pore scattered in thick, echinulate walls. In a second phase, wheat was monitored weekly (starting from Zadoks growth stage 30, pseudo stem erection) during the 2003–2008 cropping seasons for wheat leaf rust. Disease severity (percentage of leaf area with symptoms) was recorded in four, replicated field experiments located in three villages (Diekirch District: Reuler; and Grevenmacher District: Burmerange and Christnach), which are representative of the different agroclimatological zones of Luxembourg. A significant difference in severity was observed between the sites (P < 0.01) and the years (P < 0.05). Over the 6-year period, Burmerange and Reuler consistently showed the highest and lowest disease severity, respectively. In 2003 and 2007, Burmerange (a southern site with the highest average spring temperatures of 13.6 and 14.0°C, respectively) showed the highest disease severity with 66 and 57%, respectively, whereas the lowest severity (<1% for both years) was observed in the north at Reuler (site with the lowest average spring temperatures of 12.0 and 12.4°C, respectively). Christnach, located midway between Reuler and Burmerange, showed an intermediate disease severity with 7% (2003) and 22% (2007). The disease appeared at growth stages 77 (late milk) and 87 (hard dough) in the period 2003–2005, but at an earlier stage (45, boots swollen) for 2006–2008 (P < 0.001). In 2005, low severity was recorded due to a severe drought during May, June, and July. A reason for this earlier appearance of leaf rust occurrences in the two districts may be related to an increase in the average spring temperature (average March to May temperature for Luxembourg was 8.3°C for the 1971–2000 period, 9.5°C for the 2003–2005 period, 9.9°C for the 2006–2008 period, 2007 was exceptional with 11.9°C, P < 0.01). In the past, cereal disease management strategies were oriented toward the control of predominant and yield-reducing diseases such as that caused by Septoria tritici Desm. Because the succession of mild winters and warm springs during the last 5 years allowed the early occurrence and the fast development of wheat leaf rust in the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg, it is advisable to take this disease into account in fungicide application schemes.

scholarly journals Autoinfection in wheat leaf rust epidemics

2008 ◽  
Vol 177 (4) ◽  
pp. 1001-1011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Lannou ◽  
Samuel Soubeyrand ◽  
Lise Frezal ◽  
Joël Chadœuf
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Rust ◽  
Wheat Leaf Rust ◽  
Wheat Leaf

THE INHERITANCE OF RESISTANCE IN RYE TO Puccinia recondita f. sp. secalis and f. sp. tritici

1984 ◽  
Vol 64 (3) ◽  
pp. 511-519 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. L. C. MUSA ◽  
P. L. DYCK ◽  
D. J. SAMBORSKI
Keyword(s):  
Disease Resistance ◽  
Leaf Rust ◽  
Secale Cereale ◽  
Single Gene ◽  
Inbred Lines ◽  
Puccinia Recondita ◽  
Wheat Leaf Rust ◽  
Susceptible Parent ◽  
Seedling Resistance ◽  
Wheat Leaf

The inheritance of seedling resistance to isolate RLR 213/78 of rye leaf rust (Puccinia recondita f. sp. secalis) and race 30 of wheat leaf rust (P. recondita f. sp. tritici Rob.) was investigated in six inbred lines of rye (Secale cereale). Inbred line UM8116 was used as the susceptible parent in crosses. Inbred lines UM8003, UM8071 and UM8301 each have a single gene and UM8336 and UM8340 each have two genes for resistance to rye leaf rust. For resistance to wheat leaf rust UM8071 has a single gene, UM8003 and UM8340 each have two genes and UM8301 and UM8336 each have three genes. UM8295 is heterogeneous for reaction to both rusts. One of the genes in UM8340 may condition resistance to both rusts. The genes for resistance to RLR 213/78 appear to be independently inherited while some of the genes conferring resistance to race 30 may be identical or very closely linked. The potential of rye as a source of disease resistance for wheat and triticale improvement is discussed.Key words: Secale cereale, disease resistance, wheat leaf rust

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