scholarly journals Romania’s Civil Society and its Moral Underpinnings: The Symbolic Discourse of a Post-Socialist State

2012 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mitchell O. Hopkins
Keyword(s):  
Civil Society ◽  
Ottoman Empire ◽  
Social Space ◽  
The State ◽  
Socialist State ◽  
The Everyday ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Eu

Using Katherine Verdery’s definition of civil society as the population of a social space between the everyday household and the state, the paper looks at how such events as the rise and fall of the USSR, the advent of the EU, or even the workings of the Ottoman Empire have affected the discussion and development of civil society in Romania.

scholarly journals REGARDING TO THE ANALYSIS OF THE CONCEPT OF LAND-RELATED CORRUPTION

2020 ◽  
pp. 110-113
Author(s):  
A. V. Sira
Keyword(s):  
Civil Society ◽  
Rule Of Law ◽  
Land Reform ◽  
Working Group ◽  
Land Market ◽  
The Rule Of Law ◽  
Land Relations ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Established Order ◽  
The Eu

The article analyzes the definition and formation of the essence of the category of “offenses related to corruption in the field of land relations” both from the standpoint of different scientific views and the definition presented in the regulatory plane. It is said that Ukraine is currently facing a number of serious problems, including the fact that corruption-related offenses are pervasive. The presence of corruption is a significant threat to the rule of law, the development of democracy, and the formation of civil society. Against this backdrop, legal relations that are engulfed in corruption stand out as land relations, as they are of strategic importance to the state. This problem is being updated in connection with the implementation of land reform and the further implementation of the free land market. The importance of solving this problem for Ukraine is also underlined by the recommendations, which are the first priority measures in combating corruption in the land sphere, provided by the working group “Perspectives of cooperation between Ukraine and the EU in the field of justice, freedom and security” on combating corruption in the field of land relations, in the composition of land relations, which included 97 scientists, scientists and statesmen. It is advisable to consider the concept of “administrative offenses related to corruption in the field of land relations” in a stable, inseparable way with the definition of the term “corruption offenses”, which will allow us to get as close as possible to its essence. Namely, “administrative offense related to corruption in the land sphere” is, respectively, understood as the guilty, unlawful behavior of a subject that encroaches on the established order of management in the field related to land relations and for which administrative legislation provides for liability

scholarly journals A Sociological Comparative Study to Vladimir Lenin and Antonio Gramsci's views on the State

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-28
Author(s):  
Mahir A Aziz ◽  
Saleem P Elias
Keyword(s):  
Civil Society ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
Theoretical Study ◽  
Political Sociology ◽  
The State ◽  
The Third ◽  
Socialist State ◽  
Comparative Methodology ◽  
History Of ◽  
Capitalist State

This theoretical study tries to illustrate, evaluate and compare Vladimir Lenin and Antonio Gramsci’s views on the state. In doing so the study will try to answer this vital question: to what extent Gramsci’s ideas were dependent upon those of Lenin and more specifically, to what extent is Gramsci’s analysis of the capitalist state ultimately no more powerful than that of Lenin? It should be emphasised that this study has been done according to a comparative methodology of the history of theory applied in the fields of sociology in general and political sociology in particular. Basically, this study has been done according to an explanatory approach applied in both fields of politics and political sociology. This study divided into eight sections. The first section devoted to the introduction. The second section deals with Lenin’s view on the revolution, power and the socialist state. The third section explains Gramsci’s view on the hegemony of the party and the state. Section four treats Gramsci’s view on hegemony and the civil society. Section five, however, is explaining Gramsci’s view on the proletariat, the leadership and the passive revolution. Section six will be dealing with Gramsci’s view on Western countries and his conception of civil society. Section seven evaluates and reviews both Lenin and Gramsci’s theories of the state. The last section presents the conclusion of the study.   

scholarly journals The influence of political parties on the development of civil society and the state

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (30) ◽  
pp. 32-39
Author(s):  
Dmytro Rozumeiko ◽  
Krystyna Zhebrovska ◽  
Lina Sushcha ◽  
Yuliia Kylymnyk
Keyword(s):  
Civil Society ◽  
Political Parties ◽  
Legal Status ◽  
Theoretical Method ◽  
The State ◽  
Political Will ◽  
Political Freedoms ◽  
Methodological Principles ◽  
Observation Method ◽  
Definition Of

The article examines the influence of political parties as an association of citizens on the emergence of civil society and the development of the state. The object of the study is to determine the political and legal significance of political parties as subjects of relations and their influence on the development of civil society and the state. The following methodological principles and methods were used as a basis for the study: the principle of historicism; the principle of systematicity; logical-theoretical method; structural and functional methods help to determine the nature of the influence of parties on the development of civil society; sociological methods (information analysis method, observation method). The purpose of this article is to determine the influence of political parties on the emergence of civil society and the state. It is stated that multiparty characterization is a characteristic of a democratic society, which is characterized by the institutionalized pluralism of political interests and where it is a practical realization of the basic political freedoms of citizens. The definition of the party, in addition to purely theoretical, has a practical character. After all, the presence in a particular organization of the features of the "party" depends on its respective legal status, its rights and obligations, a special functional position in the state mechanism. The authors conclude that the main institutional form of citizens' associations, which ensures the formation of their political will, as well as the expression of political will of different social groups in state bodies, are political parties, which is enshrined in the Constitution, laws and other normative - legal acts.

scholarly journals REGULATORY MECHANISMS OF UKRAINIAN PHARMACEUTICAL MARKET COMPETITIVENESS IN THE CONTEXT OF EUROPEAN INTEGRATION

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Iryna Budnikevych ◽  
Vadym Honchar
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Trade ◽  
Pharmaceutical Products ◽  
The State ◽  
Pharmaceutical Market ◽  
Trade Regulation ◽  
Pharmaceutical Markets ◽  
Medical Supplies ◽  
Regulation Mechanisms ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Eu

The purpose of the paper is to summarize and present the differences in the competitive environment of the European Union (EU) and Ukrainian pharmaceutical markets. The method of longitudinal study allowed to detect the patterns of changes and correlations for pharmaceutical products exports and imports volumes over twenty years (2001-2020). Methodology. The research is based on the definition of the pharmaceutical market as a complex socio-economic institution that fulfills the function of pricing medical products and utilizes them to ensure health care functioning. It indicates the population’s wellbeing and requires ongoing maintenance based on needs agreement of households, economic entities, and the state. The quantitative research is based on export-to-import coverage ratio calculations with the identification of pharmaceutical products fraction in the total volume of foreign trade, including the one with the EU. The results of the paper consist in the evaluation of the competitive environment of the European Union’s pharmaceutical market and statistical assessment of Ukrainian foreign trade of pharmaceutical products. They also include the definition of the European integration influence over the Ukrainian pharmaceutical market and well-reasoned recommendations about the application of the state and trade regulation mechanisms. In the paper, we defined the distinctive features of the European countries’ pharmaceutical markets and outlined their main characteristics that have connections to the transnational corporation’s activities, common market, and high concentration. Statistical data collected over 20 years indicated the dynamic development of the Ukrainian pharmaceutical market, despite its small-scale contribution to the foreign trade turnover. The dependence of Ukraine on the foreign supplies of drugs and medications is illustrated by the multiple excesses of imports over exports, especially in the trade relationships with the EU. The EU countries are the leading importers of pharmaceutical products to the Ukrainian market. However, the share of medical supplies exports from Ukraine to the EU countries is negligible. Their key exporters are post-Soviet and developing countries. The growth in Ukraine’s export potential is inextricably linked to the expansion of the competitiveness of domestic medical supplies. Practical implications consist in the development of recommendations concerning the GMP and GDP demands realization, domestic manufacturers cooperation with the leading foreign pharmaceutical companies, the penetration of transnational companies into the Ukrainian domestic pharmaceutical market based on imports of innovative technologies, the improvement of the marketing management of the pharmaceutical products exporting. The priority factor in the growth of the competitiveness of the Ukrainian pharmaceutical market is a successful combination of state and trade regulation mechanisms. The objects of these factors are the pricing policy for material resources and finished products, the introduction of innovations, tax exemptions, and export-import quotas implementation. They also include the establishment of traffic rates that depend on the market saturation with socially significant medical supplies, budget support of the prioritized subsectors of the pharmaceutical industry, and patent protection. The expected results concern the decrease in the dependence of the Ukrainian pharmaceutical market on the foreign distribution of the raw materials and finished products and strengthening the positions of the Ukrainian manufacturers in foreign markets. Value/originality. We evaluated the competitiveness of the national pharmaceutical market based on the criteria of foreign trade performance and detected the priorities of its growth, taking into consideration the synthesis of the state and trade regulation mechanisms.

scholarly journals Ensuring the Economic Security of Ukraine in the Aspect of the Association Agreement Between the EU

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 171
Author(s):  
Leonid Mohilevskyi ◽  
Viktoryia Fursa ◽  
Iryna Sievidova ◽  
Mykola Komziuk ◽  
Olga Khloponina-Gnatenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
National Economy ◽  
Rapid Change ◽  
Economic Security ◽  
The State ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Economic Market ◽  
Association Agreement ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Security Indicators ◽  
The Eu

The study characterizes economic security as a set of conditions that are necessary to ensure the normal economic development of the country and restore the gap in development in comparison with European countries during Ukraine's integration into the EU. It is shown that ensuring economic security is an important function of the state. The problem of economic security arises not only from the definition of the internal policy of the state, but also determines the issues of foreign strategy. The necessity of calculating the main safety criteria has been proved, allowing to anticipate possible dangers, determine potential current and future damage and take preventive measures. Stability and development require a dynamic approach to solving the problem of economic security. This is mainly due to the rapid change in indicators of economic security and indicators with a change in the operating conditions of international, political, economic, market and other systems. The urgency of solving the problems of economic security is based on the need to get rid of the dependence of the national economy on the level of competition in world markets. This is due to the emergence of serious economic risks arising when the actual values ​​of economic security indicators go beyond the threshold levels. The current level of economic security has been investigated by calculating indicators that characterize all sectors of the national economy. The most problematic areas requiring immediate response have been identified. The presented methodology for calculating the integral indicator of the economic security of Ukraine quite accurately describes the current state of the national economy and can be practically applicable to domestic and foreign government bodies in the analysis of critical vulnerabilities of national economic security.

MAMLUKS IN OTTOMAN TUNISIA: A CATEGORY CONNECTING STATE AND SOCIAL FORCES

2016 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 473-490 ◽  
Author(s):  
M'hamed Oualdi
Keyword(s):  
Ottoman Empire ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
A Priori ◽  
The State ◽  
Social Forces ◽  
State And Society ◽  
Definition Of

AbstractThis essay examines how administrative documents categorized the mamluks who served Ottoman governors of Tunis from the early 18th to the mid-19th century. The categorization of these state slaves-cum-servants illuminates three issues, namely, the relationships between Islamic states and societies, interactions between the Ottoman Empire and its provinces, and forms of military slavery around the globe. Seeing registers, letters, and historical chronicles as spaces of interaction allows us to break free from an a priori definition of mamluks. By exploring how slaves and servants contributed to defining themselves in administrative documents, I not only argue for a new understanding of the mamluk category, but also show that mamluks did not separate state and society. On the contrary, in the Tunisian case, mamluks connected the state to various imperial and provincial social forces.

scholarly journals Evolution of constitutional and legal regulation of human right in Ukraine in the context of development of political systems

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (92) ◽  
pp. 54-62
Author(s):  
І. Є. Словська
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Civil Society ◽  
Social Space ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
The State ◽  
Annual Reports ◽  
Individual Rights ◽  
Political Systems ◽  
Public Control ◽  
Protection Of Human Rights

The article examines the evolution of the constitutional and legal regulation of human rights in Ukraine in the context of the development of political systems - from the Marxist-Leninist type to the free European one. It is emphasized that, despite the positivist position on the interpretation of human rights, the ideologues of the modern state interpret it and law, as well as other social phenomena, through the prism of new idealistic concepts. In their opinion, the legal act synthesizes the state will, which is reflected in the legal norm and is obligatory for the competent body applying this norm. Subjective right of a person is interpreted as a measure of possible behavior, devoid of class features. It is emphasized that the Constitution of Ukraine declares the highest social value of a person for his life and health, honor and dignity, inviolability and security. It is stressed that the establishment and protection of human rights and freedoms is the main duty of the state. Thus, according to the constitutional norms, the state is not a passive observer of the realization of the rights and freedoms of citizens, but an active participant in their protection. The existence of state control over the observance and protection of individual rights and freedoms (activities of the state apparatus in the field of protection of rights) and public (control over the redistribution of social space between the state and civil society, coverage of problems between the state and citizens; control over the responsibility of the constitutional state before civil society) is examined. Emphasis is placed on the unity between state and public control over the implementation of social tasks, the effectiveness of social policy and, consequently, the effective protection of the rights, freedoms and legitimate interests of the individual. It is stressed that the shortcomings of law enforcement practice, insufficient protection of individual rights by the state arise for a number of objective reasons.The annual reports of the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine Commissioner for Human Rights on the observance and protection of the human rights and freedoms of citizens of Ukraine are based on these phenomena. The documents show shortcomings in the protection of all categories of rights and freedoms by public authorities. The author emphasizes that an important factor in the effective functioning of the rule of law is the filling of state-power relations with real legal mechanisms. Real protection of human rights and freedoms is possible if all levels of public power are involved in improving the constitutional order. The number of reforms should be combined with their quality content.

scholarly journals Civil society in the context of tourism institute development

2021 ◽  
Vol 70 (3) ◽  
pp. 22-32
Author(s):  
Yu. Karpenko ◽  
M. Logvyn ◽  
L. Stepanova
Keyword(s):  
Civil Society ◽  
Civil Rights ◽  
Social Institutions ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
The State ◽  
Self Organization ◽  
Mutual Understanding ◽  
Tertiary Sector ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
Definition Of

Approaches and definition of the civil society phenomenon in the context of comprehension and interconnection with institution of tourism are generalized. The carried out analysis results in to conclusion that civil society is a sphere of society endowed with principle supremacy over the state, acts independently within its legal field, but at the same time interacts with it. In particular, tourism makes it possible to implement effectively the principles of equality, non-discrimination of human and civil rights and freedoms, to realize the values of civil society and the need for its sustainable development. Civil society is viewed through the system of connections, relationships and interactions of society members, which is formed as a result of their self-organization for self-preservation in order to protect and completely realize their interests and rights. Tourism is developing as a system that affects the quality and meaning of people's lives, by creating opportunities for them to soak up the history, culture, customs, and values in order to deepen the dialogue of civilizations, to achieve mutual understanding between countries and people. In addition, tourism refers to the tertiary sector of the economy, which in the economically developed countries has the largest number of employees and is growing at the fastest pace since it interacts with the largest number of other economy sectors and accelerates the growth of the latter. The set of social institutions and practices are created and functioning to spread the relevant values and virtues, which include the institution of tourism in particular. It is proved that one of the conditions for civil society existence is the availability of effective social institutions of the state created and functioning for spreading the relevant values and virtues. Such institutions include the institution of tourism, which activities are aimed at structuring and coordinating economic relations in order to ensure their effectiveness, achieving major socio-political goals, reducing uncertainty in relations, reaching unity and consensus, promoting conflict resolution and overcoming contradictions in economy.

Reflections on place, mobility and belonging in Gujarat

2018 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-96
Author(s):  
Mona G. Mehta
Keyword(s):  
Civil Society ◽  
Social Interactions ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Life Stories ◽  
The State ◽  
Rich Source ◽  
Social Fabric ◽  
Crisis Of Faith ◽  
The Everyday ◽  
The Web

This article translates four essays from the memoirs of Gujarati writer Sharifa Vijaliwala that are replete with sociological insights. Methodologically, the genre of memoir affords a rich source portraying the everyday social fabric of rural Gujarat in the 1970s and the changing landscape of the state in later years. In the course of essaying her life stories, she depicts the predicaments and contestations about place, mobility and social interactions within the larger matrix of Gujarati society. What is depicted in graphic detail is the transformation in the web of social relations at the margins of Gujarati society and the present ‘crisis of faith’ that underlies its civil society.

scholarly journals EDITORIAL FOREWORD

2017 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 211-213
Author(s):  
Akram Khater ◽  
Jeffrey Culang
Keyword(s):  
Ottoman Empire ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
18Th Century ◽  
Female Adolescent ◽  
Early 19Th Century ◽  
Pulp Fiction ◽  
The Everyday ◽  
Major Transformation ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Editorial Foreword

How do history and literature create a sense of ethnic or imperial community? And how do social and legal normative and disruptive narratives contribute to drawing the boundaries of such communities? To provide some answers, this issue brings together three articles on “Historicizing Fiction” and two on “Early Safavids and Ottomans.” In the first section, David Selim Sayers's article, “Sociosexual Roles in Ottoman Pulp Fiction,” analyzes “premodern sociosexual roles” in the Ottoman Empire through the Tıfli stories, a form of lowbrow literature that narrates the everyday lives of their protagonists in Ottoman Istanbul. This genre seems to have appeared initially in the 18th century, but it peaked in the early 19th century amidst the expansion of Ottoman commercial printing. As Sayers points out, the early 19th century was also a period that witnessed a major transformation of the sociosexual order of the Middle East, perhaps explaining why the authors of the Tıfli stories reflected on the prior order in their writing. Sayers argues that whereas most sources on this subject are prescriptive and transgressive, seeking to “outline, defend, or undermine sociosexual norms,” the Tıfli stories “portray the conflict that ensues when these norms are compromised in suspenseful yet relatable ways.” Through his analysis of these stories, Sayers blurs the lines between roles such as the boy-beloved, the female adolescent, and the adult male and female pursuer, which in other sources and analyses appear self-contained. Yet he also makes an effort “to advance beyond a definition of the roles towards an understanding of how they were negotiated by subjects of history.”

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