scholarly journals Conjugal Love from a Sociological Perspective: Theorizing from Observed Practices.

2020 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-46
Author(s):  
Helene Belleau ◽  
Chiara Piazzesi ◽  
Annabelle Seery
Keyword(s):  
Point Of View ◽  
Theoretical Point ◽  
Therapeutic Communication ◽  
Love Relationships ◽  
Social Actors ◽  
Conjugal Love ◽  
Entrepreneurial Management ◽  
Sociological Literature ◽  
The One ◽  
Financial Arrangements

This paper presents a sociological reflection on contemporary conjugal love, both from an empirical and a theoretical point of view. Drawing on analyses of data regarding financial arrangements between partners forming a couple, as well as on the sociological literature concerning love relationships, we present a theorization of contemporary conjugal semantics. We define these semantics as consisting of eight “meaning rules” through which social actors respond to the challenges of intimate relationships. Our analysis shows us the gaps and the tensions between different logics of love, on the one hand, and logics of love and social realities, on the other. However, partners’ utterances feature an integration of elements stemming from opposed semantic frameworks; meaning rules fostering mythical idealisation are combined with rules regarding relationship work, therapeutic communication, and the entrepreneurial management of the relationship. This empirical analysis also allows us to tackle a double confusion in the contemporary sociological literature on love and couples.

scholarly journals Attentional biases in depression: Relation to disorder severity, rumination, and anhedonia

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Audrey Krings ◽  
Alexandre Heeren ◽  
Philippe Fontaine ◽  
Sylvie Blairy
Keyword(s):  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Diagnostic Interview ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Attentional Biases ◽  
Theoretical Point ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Exogenous Cueing ◽  
Clinically Depressed ◽  
The One

Introduction: According to cognitive models of depression, selective attentional biases (ABs) for mood-congruent information are core vulnerability factors of depression maintenance. However, findings concerning the presence of these biases in depression are mixed. This study aims to clarify the presence of these ABs among individuals with clinical and subclinical depression. Method: We compared three groups based on a semi-structured diagnostic interview and a depressive symptoms scale (BDI-II): 34 individuals with major depressive disorder (clinically depressed); 35 with a dysphoric mood but without the criteria of major depressive disorder (i.e., subclinically depressed), and 26 never been depressed individuals. We examined AB for sad and happy materials in three modified versions of the exogenous cueing task using scenes, facial expressions, and words. Brooding, anhedonia, and anxiety were also evaluated. Results: In contrast to our hypotheses, there were no ABs for negative or positive information, regardless of the task and the groups. Neither the association between AB toward negative information and brooding nor the one between AB away from positive stimuli and anhedonia was significant. Bayes factors analyses revealed that the present pattern of findings does not result from a lack of statistical power.Discussion: Our results raise questions about how common AB is in depression. From a theoretical point of view, because individuals with depression did not exhibit AB, our results also seemingly challenge the claim that AB figures prominently in the maintenance of depression. We believe the present null results to be particularly useful for future meta-research in the field.

Nonverbal Communication of Confidence in Soccer Referees: An Experimental Test of Darwin’s Leakage Hypothesis

2016 ◽  
Vol 38 (6) ◽  
pp. 590-597 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip Furley ◽  
Geoffrey Schweizer
Keyword(s):  
Nonverbal Communication ◽  
Nonverbal Behavior ◽  
Experimental Test ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Other ◽  
Theoretical Point ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The One

The goal of the present paper was to investigate whether soccer referees’ nonverbal behavior (NVB) differed based on the difficulty of their decisions and whether perceivers could detect these systematic variations. On the one hand, communicating confidence via NVB is emphasized in referee training. On the other hand, it seems feasible from a theoretical point of view that particularly following relatively difficult decisions referees have problems controlling their NVB. We conducted three experiments to investigate this question. Experiment 1 (N = 40) and Experiment 2 (N = 60) provided evidence that perceivers regard referees’ NVB as less confident following ambiguous decisions as compared with following unambiguous decisions. Experiment 3 (N = 58) suggested that perceivers were more likely to debate with the referee when referees nonverbally communicated less confidence. We discuss consequences for referee training.

scholarly journals Keeping Systems at Work

2014 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 93-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antti Silvast ◽  
Mikko J Virtanen
Keyword(s):  
Science And Technology Studies ◽  
Energy Systems ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Other ◽  
Analysis Tool ◽  
Theoretical Point ◽  
Electricity System ◽  
The One ◽  
Electricity Infrastructure ◽  
Theoretical Considerations

This article discusses the reliability of electricity supply and the management of its uncertainties from a systems theoretical point of view. We begin by outlining recent Science and Technology Studies (STS) literature about energy systems, infrastructures and practices concerning their use and argue that many current discussions hold promise in two directions: one concerns the brittleness and uncertainty of the electricity system that is seen as an ongoing achievement, the other is about broader structuring factors and contexts that should also be acknowledged when researching such systems. With an aim of developing this two-part focus, the paper advances systems theoretical considerations about the electricity infrastructure and proposes an analysis tool to study the necessary reductions of complexity of the infrastructure in two emblematic settings. The sites are infrastructure control rooms on the one hand and households on the other hand. The article concludes by discussing the different reductions of complexity by electricity users and electricity experts through using the theoretical point of view presented in the article.

scholarly journals When to Act Is to Say: Appointment as Conflictogenic Discourse in the Cameroonian Administration

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 56
Author(s):  
Celestin Messanga Obama
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Political Communication ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Other ◽  
Main Topic ◽  
Theoretical Point ◽  
Depth Interview ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The One ◽  
Participatory Observation

Promotion to high office in the Cameroonian administration, appear to be one of the main topic of political communication in Cameroun. The communitarian claims of appointment put both individuals and communities in competitive situations and are often the source of social conflicts. The problem is to understand the focus of political communication on appointment in the Administration in Cameroon and the possible link that it could have with conflictuality in the country. From a theoretical point of view, each act of appointment can be understood as a message from the President of the Republic whose power of appointment is unlimited. The president’s acts of appointment; on the one hand; and the demands from communities, on the other, appear to be a kind of communication. Data analysis will be guided by the theory of "the actor and the system". From a methodological point of view, we used documentary observation in the national and international press. We also had an in-depth interview with a former minister who, however, requested anonymity. Finally, our 26-year service as an employee gives us the advantage of experience gained through participatory observation. It appeared that appointment, through the numerous and consistent advantages that it confers on the promoted, thus appears to the citizens, as the main means of access to the fortune from which the covetousness of both the individuals and their communities of origin arises. Unfortunately, the state is unable to meet all expectations. However, individual, as well as community, strategies of access to appointments expose the nation to more division than cohesion.

Fiskalischer Föderalismus und Staatstätigkeit

2003 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Christoph A. Schaltegger
Keyword(s):  
Economies Of Scale ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Annual Data ◽  
Theoretical Point ◽  
Size Of Government ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Voter Preferences ◽  
Swiss Cantons ◽  
The One ◽  
The Impact

AbstractWhat is the impact of federalism on the size of government? On the one hand, various externalities and unexploited economies of scale caused by federalist institutions favour a larger size of government. On the other hand, some authors argue that federalism represents an institutional barrier for policy makers eventually restricting their policy discretion to deviate from voter preferences. Consequently, the net effect of federalism is open from a theoretical point of view. This paper evaluates the different aspects of federalism empirically for Swiss cantons with a panel of annual data from 1980 to 1998. The results indicate that federalism in Switzerland rather favours a smaller size of government.

scholarly journals Multidimensional research on university engagement using a mixed method approach

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Helena Benito Mundet ◽  
Esther Llop Escorihuela ◽  
Marta Verdaguer Planas ◽  
Joaquim Comas Matas ◽  
Ariadna Lleonart Sitjar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Two Dimensions ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Theoretical Point ◽  
Social Commitment ◽  
Cognition And Emotion ◽  
Nominal Groups ◽  
Valid Instrument ◽  
The One ◽  
Definition Of

The commitment or academic implication (engagement) of universitystudents has become a fundamental element for their welfare and academicperformance and, furthermore, it is also related to their professional futureand social commitment. For this reason, the definition of the concept and theprovision of assessment strategies and tools are essential to know the learningexperiences that lead to enhancing the academic involvement of the students.To develop our research, we have used a mixed quantitative and qualitativemethodology: exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis on the one hand,and discussion groups using the nominal groups technique on the other hand.We have set three different objectives: first, to delve into the multidimensionalmodel of the construct; second, to validate a questionnaire that allows forevaluation of the students’ perception of the learning methodologies used inthe classroom; and third, to check the manageability of the nominal groupsas a qualitative method of analysis. The results demonstrate that our newproposal provides a statistically valid instrument aimed at determining theperceptions of own engagement and an effective, efficient and motivatingqualitative method for students. However, regarding the multidimensionalityof the construct, contrary to the more accepted theoretical point of view thatconsiders three dimensions of engagement (behaviour, cognition and emotion),our results only reveal two dimensions (cognitive-emotional and behavioural).In the discussion and comments section we give possible explanations for thiscontradiction.

scholarly journals Hybrid tasks: Promoting statistical thinking and critical thinking through the same mathematical activities

2014 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 115-126
Author(s):  
Einav Aizikovitsh-Udi ◽  
David Clarke ◽  
Sebastian Kuntze
Keyword(s):  
Critical Thinking ◽  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Empirical Research ◽  
Thinking Skills ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Theoretical Point ◽  
Statistical Thinking ◽  
Domain Specific ◽  
The One ◽  
Mathematical Activities

Even though statistical thinking and critical thinking appear to have strong links from a theoretical point of view, empirical research into the intersections and potential interrelatedness of these aspects of competence is scarce. Our research suggests that thinking skills in both areas may be interdependent. Given this interconnection, it should be possible to stimulate both forms of thinking through the one task. This paper explores the implications of an exploratory qualitative study into processes when working on tasks encompassing both these areas for the design of tasks that simultaneously stimulate critical thinking and domain-specific thinking.Tareas híbridas: promover el pensamiento estadístico y el pensamiento crítico por medio de las mismas actividades matemáticasAunque desde un punto de vista teórico, el pensamiento estadístico y el pensamiento crítico parecen tener fuertes conexiones, la investigación empírica sobre la intersección y la potencial interrelación entre estos aspectos de competencia es escasa. Nuestra investigación sugiere que las habilidades de pensamiento en ambas áreas pueden ser interdependientes. Dada esta interconexión, debería ser posible estimular ambas formas de pensamiento mediante una tarea. Este artículo explora las implicaciones de un estudio cualitativo exploratorio sobre los procesos de pensamiento en tareas que abordan ambas áreas para el diseño de tareas que simultáneamente estimulan el pensamiento crítico y pensamiento específico de un dominio.Handle: http://hdl.handle.net/10481/30509

scholarly journals In view of an express regulation: Considering the scope and soundness of a contrario reasoning

2008 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henrike Jansen
Keyword(s):  
Legal Reasoning ◽  
Legal Rule ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Modern Concept ◽  
Theoretical Point ◽  
Traditional Concept ◽  
The One

A contrario reasoning (or ‘a contrario argument’ or ‘argument a contrario’) is traditionally understood as an appeal to the deliberate silence of the legislator: because a legal rule does not mention case X specifically, the rule is not applicable to it. Modern perspectives on legal reasoning often apply this label to a broader concept of reasoning, namely the reasoning by which a legal rule is not applied because of the differences between the case at hand and the one(s) mentioned in the legal rule. This article first explains how the broader concept could have come into being, and then argues that from an argumentation theoretical point of view the modern concept makes no sense as a category of argumentation. Furthermore it is shown under which conditions the traditional concept can be sound.

scholarly journals Heredity in Plants, Animals, and Man

1917 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 354-379 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. J. Allen
Keyword(s):  
Point Of View ◽  
Theoretical Point ◽  
The Many ◽  
The One

Of the many branches of biological enquiry which have occupied the attention of naturalists during the last twenty years the one which has perhaps yielded the most striking results, from a theoretical point of view, has been the study of heredity in plants and animals—the study of the laws according to which the characters of parents are transmitted to their descendants.

Quintilian as a Literary Critic

2021 ◽  
pp. 218-235
Author(s):  
Francisco Chico Rico
Keyword(s):  
Literary Criticism ◽  
Complex Space ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Theoretical Point ◽  
Literary Critic ◽  
Roman Literature ◽  
Moral Duties ◽  
Poetic Texts ◽  
The One ◽  
Rhetorical Texts

This chapter is devoted to the study of the Institutio oratoria as a complex space in which Quintilian, in addition to developing an education manual, a rhetorical treatise, and an essay on the orator’s moral duties and obligations, also includes theoretical reflections on literary criticism as well as analysis and assessments of specific literary works. In this sense, this chapter studies Quintilian as a literary critic. From a general and theoretical point of view, it reviews the relations established within the framework of the Institutio oratoria between literary criticism and poetarum enarratio, or exegesis of poetic texts, which should be practised by grammar students before continuing to the study of rhetoric. This review forces us to reconsider the question of the interdependence that exists between grammar and rhetoric as classical sciences of discourse. From an applicative and practical perspective, the chapter stresses the importance of Book 10 for a better knowledge of the literary critical analyses and evaluations that Quintilian makes of the most important works and authors of Greek and Roman literature, always in relation to its usefulness for the orator’s training through the exercise of reading and on the basis of the principle of imitation of literary models, which not only include poetic texts, but also historical, philosophical, and rhetorical texts. Finally, the chapter reviews the theory of Attic, Asianic, and Rhodian styles in Quintilian’s thinking and his defence of the one which, even defined by hybridization, best adapts itself to the pragmatic-communicative requirements of the rhetorical fact.

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