Mourning Doves Nesting in Open Fields

S.A. Mann

doi:10.29173/bluejay2153

BEHAVIOUR AND EFFECTIVENESS OF BEES IN POLLINATING LEGUMES

Proceedings of the New Zealand Grassland Association ◽

10.33584/jnzg.1974.36.1416 ◽

1974 ◽

pp. 105-110

Author(s):

I.W. Forster

Keyword(s):

White Clover ◽

Seed Set ◽

Red Clover ◽

Potential Maximum ◽

Open Fields

One honeybee or bumblebee working on each square metre of white clover or red clover gave adequate pollination. This could be obtained with one hive of honeybees to each three hectares of flowering clover. Lucerne seeding averaged only 10% of the potential maximum in open fields with honey- or bumblebees. In cages where honeybees were forced to gather pollen, this was raised to 30% but it was not possible to increase seed set significantly in the fields.

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The Open Fields. By C. S. and C. S. Orwin. (New York: Oxford University Press. 1938. Pp. xii, 332. $7.00.) and A Manor through Four Centuries. By A. R. Cook. (Ibid. Pp. ix, 194. $4.50.)

The American Historical Review ◽

10.1086/ahr/44.4.870 ◽

1939 ◽

Keyword(s):

New York ◽

Oxford University ◽

Open Fields ◽

Oxford University Press

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Distribution, abundance and natural enemies of the invasive tomato leafminer, Tuta absoluta (Meyrick) in Kenya

Bulletin of Entomological Research ◽

10.1017/s0007485321000304 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-16

Author(s):

G. Kinyanjui ◽

F. M. Khamis ◽

F. L. O. Ombura ◽

E. U. Kenya ◽

S. Ekesi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Natural Enemies ◽

Sustainable Management ◽

Management Strategies ◽

Tuta Absoluta ◽

Macrolophus Pygmaeus ◽

Larval Parasitoids ◽

Parasitism Rates ◽

Nesidiocoris Tenuis ◽

Sentinel Plants ◽

Open Fields

Abstract Tuta absoluta (Meyrick) has become a serious menace to sustainable production of tomato in Kenya. A survey was conducted between April 2015 and June 2016 to determine its distribution, abundance, infestation, and damage levels on tomato, and associated natural enemies. Trap counts of T. absoluta moths were recorded in all surveyed 29 counties, which indicated its nationwide distribution irrespective of altitude. Tuta absoluta was present in both open fields and greenhouses. The highest moth/trap/day was 115.38 ± 15.90. Highest leaf infestation was 92.22% and the highest number of mines and larvae per leaf were 3.71 ± 0.28 and 2.16 ± 0.45, respectively. Trap captures in terms of moth/trap/day were linearly and positively related to leaf infestations in open fields (R2 = 0.81) and greenhouses (R2 = 0.61). Highest fruits’ infestation and damage were 60.00 and 59.61%, respectively, while the highest number of mines per fruit was 7.50 ± 0.50. Nesidiocoris tenuis (Reuter) and Macrolophus pygmaeus (Rambur) were identified as predators of T. absoluta larvae. Nine species of larval parasitoids were recovered from infested foliage, with a combined parasitism of 7.26 ± 0.65%. Hockeria species was the most dominant (31.25%) and accounted for 12.88 ± 1.47% parasitism. Two species of larval parasitoids, Hockeria and Necremnus were obtained from sentinel plants with an average parasitism of 1.13 ± 0.25. The overall abundance and parasitism rates of recovered natural enemies were low to effectively control the field populations of T. absoluta. These findings form the basis of researching and developing effective and sustainable management strategies for the pest.

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The Open Fields of England, by David Hall * Champion: The Making and Unmaking of the English Midland Landscape, by Tom Williamson, Robert Liddiard and Tracey Partida

The English Historical Review ◽

10.1093/ehr/cev235 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 130 (546) ◽

pp. 1201-1203

Author(s):

M. Bailey

Keyword(s):

Open Fields

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What Limits Mourning Doves to a Clutch of Two Eggs?

The Condor ◽

10.2307/1368638 ◽

1987 ◽

Vol 89 (3) ◽

pp. 486 ◽

Cited By ~ 21

Author(s):

David Westmoreland ◽

Louis B. Best

Keyword(s):

Mourning Doves

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Size of the Environment as a Determiner of Effects of Scopolamine

Psychological Reports ◽

10.2466/pr0.1975.37.1.175 ◽

1975 ◽

Vol 37 (1) ◽

pp. 175-178 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Warren J. Stewart

Keyword(s):

Response Competition ◽

Base Rate ◽

Field Size ◽

Positive Correlation ◽

Open Fields

64 rats were injected with either saline or 0.25 mg/kg scopolamine and tested in one of four different-sized open fields. There was a positive correlation between increasing field size and increased ambulation in undrugged animals. Scopolamine increased ambulation in rats in the 2 smaller fields but not in the larger 2 fields; and it did not attenuate the rate of habituation. Rearing and grooming were not affected so much by field size, but grooming was increased by scopolamine. The results can be interpreted in terms of base rate/response competition hypotheses.

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