scholarly journals Manitoba Metis Federation Inc. v. Canada (Attorney General): Breathing New Life into the "Empty Box" Doctrine of "Indian Title"

2015 ◽  
Vol 52 (3) ◽  
pp. 669
Author(s):  
Darren O'Toole
Keyword(s):  
Attorney General ◽  
Contextual Analysis ◽  
Legal Analysis ◽  
Statutory Interpretation ◽  
Manitoba Act

This article addresses the Supreme Court’s recent decision in <i>Manitoba Metis Federation v. Canada (Attorney General)</i>, the Court’s interpretation of section 31 of the <i>Manitoba Act, 1870</i>, and the ways in which the ruling seems guided by, or at least concurs with, the works and opinions of Thomas Flanagan. The author highlights various cases which have dealt with Métis rights, established canons of statutory interpretation, Crown obligations, opposing scholarly views, and the distinction between historical contextual analysis and historical legal analysis. In doing so, the author argues that the decision is essentially an invocation and resuscitation of the “empty box” doctrine. This doctrine serves both to recognize Métis rights and revoke them of any tangible substance that such recognition might bring, and seemingly obfuscates the plain meaning rule of interpretation applied to the section 31 phrase: “towards the extinguishment of the Indian Title.”

scholarly journals KEBIJAKAN PIDANA KEJAKSAAN REPUBLIK INDONESIA DALAM PENANGANAN PERKARA TINDAK PIDANA KORUPSI DENGAN KERUGIAN KECIL (PATTY CORRUPTION) DENGAN PENDEKATAN KEMANFAATAN

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 41-55
Author(s):  
I Made Agus Mahendra Iswara ◽  
I Ketut Kartika Widnyana ◽  
Made Gede Arthadana
Keyword(s):  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Attorney General ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Behavioral Theory ◽  
Pareto Optimal ◽  
Legal Analysis ◽  
Economic Analysis Of Law ◽  
Benefit Analysis ◽  
Circular Letter ◽  
The Republic

The first discussion is related to the theoretical study of handling criminal cases through the economic approach of law that the Economic Analysis of Law theory or what is referred to as the application of economic theory to legal analysis is a theory that uses economic concepts to explain the effects of the law itself. Several economic concepts used in the study of criminal law policies are: Cost-Benefit Analysis, Behavioral theory, Efficiency-Pareto Optimal. The second discussion is related to the policy of the Prosecutor's Office of the Republic of Indonesia in handling cases of corruption with small losses (patty corruption) with a benefit approach that the Indonesian Attorney General's Office in carrying out its duties and functions, especially in terms of handling corruption cases, issued several internal regulations related to efforts to eradicate corruption through a beneficial approach, namely: Circular Letter of the Junior Attorney General for Special Crimes Number: B-1113/F/Fd.1/05/2010 dated 18 May 2010, Circular Letter of the Junior Attorney General for Special Crimes No: B-765/F/Fd/04/2018 20 April 2018 May 2018, Circular Letter of the Junior Attorney General for Special Crimes Number: B-945/F/Fjp/05/2018 May 04, 2018.     Pembahasan pertama terkait dengan kajian teoritis penanganan perkara pidana melalui pendekatan economyapproach of law bahwa Teori Economy Analysis of Law atau yang disebut sebagai aplikasi teori ekonomi  untuk analisis hukum merupakan teori yang mempergunakan konsep-konsep ekonomi untuk menjelaskan efek dari hukum itu sendiri. Beberapa konsep ekonomi yang dipergunakan dalam kajian kebijakan hukum  pidana yaitu : Cost-Benefit Analysis, Behavioral theory, Efisiensi-Pareto Optimal. Pembahasan kedua terkait dengan kebijakan Kejaksaan Republik Indonesia dalam penanganan perkara tindak pidana korupsi dengan kerugian kecil (pattycorruption) dengan pendekatan kemanfaatan bahwa Bahwa Kejaksaan RI dalam pelaksanaan tugas dan fungsinya, khususnya dalam hal Penanganan perkara tindak pidana korupsi mengeluarkan beberapa aturan internal yang berhubungan dengan upaya pemberantasan korupsi melalui pendekatan kemanfaatan, yaitu : Surat Edaran Jaksa Agung Muda Tindak Pidana Khusus Nomor : B-1113/F/Fd.1/05/2010 tanggal 18 Mei 2010, Surat Edaran Jaksa Agung Muda Tindak Pidana Khusus No : B-765/F/Fd/04/201820 April 2018 Mei 2018, Surat Edaran Jaksa Agung Muda Tindak Pidana Khusus Nomor : B-945/F/Fjp/05/2018 Tanggal 04 Mei 2018.

scholarly journals R v Bingley and the importance of scientifically-guided legal analysis

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jason Chin
Keyword(s):  
Supreme Court ◽  
Police Officers ◽  
Criminal Code ◽  
Legal Analysis ◽  
Statutory Interpretation ◽  
Human Judgment ◽  
Scientific Disciplines ◽  
Trial Judges ◽  
The Supreme Court ◽  
Judicial Economy

In R v Bingley, the Supreme Court considered a controversial subjective methodology used by police officers trained as drug recognition experts (DREs) pursuant to the Criminal Code. At issue was the admissibility of these experts’ evidence. A 5-2 majority held that Parliament conclusively established the reliability the DRE program’s methodology and the DRE’s qualifications to perform that methodology, and thus trial judges may not exclude DREs for those reasons. Bingley is problematic on multiple fronts. Most fundamentally, the Majority’s statutory interpretation was insensitive to the science behind the drug recognition program. Their analysis put this subjective methodology on the same footing as objective forms of evidence, like breathalyser analysis, where human judgment and bias play almost no role. More broadly, the Majority’s decision comes in light of recent findings that several forensic scientific disciplines are not as reliable as they purport to be. The Majority’s reasoning seemed largely driven by concerns about judicial economy, and in particular the worry that evaluating DREs would take too much court time. In response, we provide a more scientifically rigorous but less time-consuming way for trial judges to scrutinize DREs.

scholarly journals Strengthening Implementation of the Justice Restorative Justice in the Perspective of Law Number 16 Year 2004 on the Judiciary and Islamic Law

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 410-418
Author(s):  
Sugianto . ◽  
Wahyu Oktaviandi
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Justice ◽  
Criminal Justice System ◽  
Restorative Justice ◽  
Justice System ◽  
Islamic Law ◽  
Attorney General ◽  
Research Problem ◽  
Research Process ◽  
Criminal Case ◽  
Legal Analysis

Restorative Justice is an approach to justice that focuses on the needs of the victims and perpetrators of crime, as well as involving the community, not to follow the principle of punishment for the perpetrators accompanied by the consideration of the judges. The principle of Restorative Justice process of the completion of the action a violation of law that occurs is done by bringing victims and offenders together talking. The act of punishment alternative to using the justice restorative should be pursued by the state so that the adhesion of unity of the nation become strong and become potential of socio economic development and politics of the country. The propriety of the imposition of a criminal through the justice restorative so the duty and responsibility of law enforcement to sharpen legal analysis and sensitive conscience of humanity. justice restorative aims to reconcile the conflicting parties. If offenders could be rehabilitated with other measures that better then the punishment should be avoided. In the penalty ta'zir, forgiveness and granting the minimum penalty is the criminal justice system of Islam that can change the penal system of retributive to restorative. This research problem is how the strengthening of restorative justice in the settlement of the criminal case according to Law Number 16 Year 2004 On the Prosecutor's office? How the actualization of the completion of the criminal case through the restorative justice perspective of Islamic Law?. The purpose of this study was to determine the strengthening of restorative justice in the settlement of the criminal case according to Law Number 16 Year 2004 On the Prosecutor's office and find out the actualization of the completion of the criminal case through the restorative justice perspective of Islamic Law. Methods this research was conducted using qualitative research a research process and understanding based on the methodology that investigates a phenomenon of social and human problems. The results of this study concluded, that the strengthening of restorative justice in the settlement of the criminal case according to Law Number 16 Year 2004 On the Prosecutor's office through a mediation that can be used in resolving a criminal case. A new breakthrough in the Indonesian criminal justice system in the completion of a criminal offence outside the court. Keywords: Strengthening of Justice, Restorative Justice, Attorney General and Islamic Law.

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