scholarly journals Trends in breast cancer incidence and mortality, clinical diagnosis and treatment in the light of the contemporary demographic changes in Germany and Poland, 2006–2016

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marie Thöle ◽  
Aleksandra Jezierska-Thöle ◽  
Richard Schensar ◽  
Marta Gwiaździńska-Goraj
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cancer Incidence ◽  
Breast Cancer Incidence ◽  
Diagnostic Process ◽  
Her2 Status ◽  
Demographic Changes ◽  
Incidence And Mortality ◽  
Demographic Aging ◽  
Prevention Methods

Introduction: Trends in cancer incidence and mortality are determined by contemporary demographic processes. Breast cancer in women is a particular threat. In Germany, the chances of survival after the diagnosis of cancer are among the highest in Europe. The understanding of the latest trends in breast cancer incidence and mortality in Germany and the presentation of the latest screening options, treatment and prevention methods can be used to improve the control of breast cancer in the future. Aim: The aim of the research was to present trends in cancer incidence and mortality, with particular emphasis on breast cancer in women in Germany and Poland on the background of contemporary demographic changes relating to the process of population ageing in 2006–2016. The clinical diagnostic process, the treatment of breast cancer and potential risk factors and prevention methods were described. Material and methods: In the publication the basic statistical indicators have been applied: absolute numbers, percentages, crude rates, age-standardized rates, and demographic aging index. Results and discussion: The cancer mortality in Poland was much higher than in Germany, which is associated with the low five-year survival rate of cancer patients in Poland. The breast cancer was characterized by the highest dynamics in incidence growth with a persistent mortality level. Conclusions: Over the last two decades, breast cancer outcomes of patients have improved significantly due to highly individualized breast cancer therapies and the development of breast cancer treatment options such as immunotherapy, hormone receptor-based therapy and HER2 status-based therapy. The main risk factors are age, hormonal situation and inherited risk genes.

scholarly journals Historical Trends in Incidence of Breast Cancer in Shanghai, Hong Kong and Los Angeles, 1973–2012: A Joinpoint and Age-Period-Cohort Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hang-Hang Luan ◽  
Li-Sha Luo ◽  
Zhi-Yan Lu
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Hong Kong ◽  
Los Angeles ◽  
Cancer Incidence ◽  
White Women ◽  
Cohort Analysis ◽  
Breast Cancer Incidence ◽  
Cohort Effects ◽  
Period Effect

Objectives: This study aimed to estimate the long-term trends of breast cancer incidence in Shanghai, Hong Kong, and Los Angeles (LA).Methods: Data were obtained from Cancer Incidence in Five Continents (CI5plus) database. The average annual percent change (AAPC) was conducted by joinpoint regression analysis, and the age, period and cohort effects were estimated by age-period-cohort (APC) analysis.Results: The age-standardized incidence rates (ASIRs) in LA were higher than Shanghai and Hong Kong. During 1988–2012, the ASIRs significantly decreased in white women in LA (AAPC = −0.6%, 95% CI: −0.9% to −0.4%) while increased in Shanghai (2.5%: 2.1%–2.9%) and Hong Kong (2.2%: 2.0%–2.5%). The APC analysis revealed significantly increased effects of age and period, and decreased effect of birth cohort.Conclusion: Although age and cohort effects were relatively strong, the period effect may be the key factor affecting trends of incidence, which may be caused by increasing exposures to carcinogens and risk factors. Therefore, more effective measures should be carried out promptly to protect high-risk populations such as elder women, to avoid exposures to risk factors of breast cancer.

Breast Cancer

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nancy E Davidson
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
United States ◽  
Cancer Incidence ◽  
Hormone Replacement ◽  
Breast Cancer Incidence ◽  
Stage Iv ◽  
The United States ◽  
Rate Of Increase ◽  
Stage Iv Breast Cancer ◽  
Incidence And Mortality

Invasive breast cancer, the most common nonskin cancer in women in the United States, will be diagnosed in 266,120 In 2018, along with 63,960 new cases of non-invasive (in situ) breast cancer. Incidence and mortality reached a plateau and appear to be dropping in both the United States and parts of western Europe. This decline has been attributed to several factors, such as early detection through the use of screening mammography and appropriate use of systemic adjuvant therapy, as well as decreased use of hormone replacement therapy. However, the global burden of breast cancer remains great, and global breast cancer incidence increased from 641,000 in 1980 to 1,643,000 in 2010, an annual rate of increase of 3.1%. This chapter examines the etiology, epidemiology, prevention, screening, staging, and prognosis of breast cancer. The diagnoses and treatments of the four stages of breast cancer are also included. Figures include algorithms used for the systemic treatment of stage IV breast cancer and hormone therapy for women with stage IV breast cancer. Tables describe selected outcomes from the National Surgical Adjuvant Breast and Bowel Project (NSABP) P-1 and P-2 chemoprevention trials, tamoxifen chemoprevention trials for breast cancer, the TNM staging system and stage groupings for breast cancer, some commonly used adjuvant chemotherapy regimens, an algorithm for suggested treatment for patients with operable breast cancer from the 2011 St. Gallen consensus conference, guidelines for surveillance of asymptomatic early breast cancer survivors from the American Society of Clinical Oncology, and newer agents for metastatic breast cancer commercially available in the United States. This review contains 2 highly rendered figures, 8 tables, and 108 references.

Insulin resistance and breast cancer incidence and mortality in postmenopausal women in the Women’s Health Initiative

Cancer ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 126 (16) ◽  
pp. 3638-3647
Author(s):  
Kathy Pan ◽  
Rowan T. Chlebowski ◽  
Joanne E. Mortimer ◽  
Marc J. Gunther ◽  
Thomas Rohan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Women's Health ◽  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Cancer Incidence ◽  
Breast Cancer Incidence ◽  
Women's Health Initiative ◽  
Health Initiative ◽  
Incidence And Mortality ◽  
The Women’S Health Initiative
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