scholarly journals Secondary Nominal Predication in Non-elementary Simple Sentence

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Андрей Пантелеев ◽  
Andrey Panteleev
Keyword(s):  
Russian Language ◽  
Simple Sentence ◽  
Procedural Semantics ◽  
Semantic Categories ◽  
Language Representation ◽  
Abstract Nouns ◽  
Simple Sentences ◽  
Secondary Predicates ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Secondary Predication

This monograph is devoted to the study of the functioning of concrete and abstract nouns as bearers of secondary predication and proposition in the folded non-elementary simple sentences in the Russian language. At the level of non-elementary simple sentences, there are specific means of updating the procedural semantics of specific nouns, specific ways of language representation of functional-semantic categories of personality, temporality and taxis. A high degree of compression of the statements suggests a closer relationship to secondary predicates with context and background knowledge speaking

scholarly journals THE CONCEPTS OF THE SIMPLEST AND SIMPLE SENTENCES IN THE PARADIGM OF SYSTEMIC THEORY OF CASE

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-62
Author(s):  
Alexey F Dremov
Keyword(s):  
Russian Language ◽  
Simple Sentence ◽  
Systemic Theory ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Simple Sentences ◽  
The Russian Language ◽  
Ostensive Definition

The article presents some of the results of systematic studies of the functions of the cases in a simple Russian sentence. Primarily, the systemic interpretation of the simplest and simple sentences as syntactic units is postulated, which possess not only different compositions and structures, but also reveal different grammatical meanings and categorial senses. Alongside, the notion of an event is defined and determined; the concept of predication is clarified and redefined; the concept of a dialectic, or causal, syllogism is introduced as a meaning caused by the internal form of a simple sentence. Consecutively, the ostensive definition of the internal determinants of the Russian language is given.

ASPECTS OF LEXICAL COLLOCATION OF HIGH-DEGREE WORDS ‘SILNIY’, ‘KREPKIY’, ‘ZHELEZNIY’

2020 ◽  
pp. 263-280
Author(s):  
M. V. Voronets ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Second Language ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
Semantic Features ◽  
Word Use ◽  
High Degree ◽  
The Russian Language

This study examines the lexical compatibility of high-degree words in the Russian language, specifically ‘silniy’ (strong), ‘krepkiy’ (hard), ‘zhelezniy’ (strong as iron), which have similar meanings. By comparing the dictionary meanings of a word and analyzing their compatibility, researches can specify its semantic features and explain the collocation limitations. The results can be used to develop the proper recommendations on the word use and exercises for the learners of Russian as a second language.

LEXICOGRAPHICAL PORTRAIT OF THE LEXEME «POGRYAZNUT’» (X - XVII CENTURIES)

2021 ◽  
pp. 23-30
Author(s):  
Е.Ю. Долгова
Keyword(s):  
Native Speakers ◽  
Word Formation ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
Distinctive Features ◽  
Old Russian ◽  
Slavonic Language ◽  
Abstract Nouns ◽  
Derivatives Of ◽  
The Church ◽  
The Russian Language

Статья посвящена описанию глагола «погрязнуть» по лексикографическим источникам, фиксирующим словарный состав русского языка X - XVII вв. В работе используется метод лингвистического портретирования, позволяющий объединить данные этимологических и исторических словарей и увидеть динамику развития семантического, словообразовательного, сочетаемостного и стилистического потенциала языковой единицы в диахронии. В статье подробно изложены материалы этимологических и исторических словарей русского языка, приведены и описаны многочисленные варианты употребления имперфектива грязнуть и перфектива погрязнуть, зафиксированные в словарях, содержащих лексику древнерусского и старорусского периодов: гр#зъти, гр#зhти, гр#зити, гр#знqти, погрязати - погр#зти, погр#зити, погр#знqти. Установлено, что в древнерусском языке глагол гр#зноути (гр`t#знuти) имел прямое номинативное значение «погружаться, тонуть» и редко употреблялся в памятниках письменности. Многозначным и наиболее частотным был положительный, результативный член глагольной видовой пары перфектив погрязнуть (погр#зноути). В статье приведены все лексико-семантические варианты глагола и примеры словоупотреблений, зафиксированные в словарях, отражающих лексику X - XVII веков. В статье приведены синонимы и многочисленные дериваты глагола погрязнуть , в том числе рассмотрена семантика абстрактных существительных, образованных от глагола погрязнуть ( погрязение, погрязнение, погрязновение ) и отражающих влияние церковнославянского языка на книжно-письменный литературный язык древнерусского и старорусского периодов. Лексикографический портрет лексемы погрязнуть проявляет неоднозначность в трактовке некоторых значений в разные исторические периоды. Проведенный анализ позволяет сравнить значения лексемы, увидеть их отличительные особенности и сделать вывод о существовании самостоятельных стереотипных образов, существующих в сознании носителей языка в X - XVII веках. The article is devoted to the description of the verb "to wallow" from lexicographic sources that fix the vocabulary of the Russian language of the X - XVII centuries. The method of linguistic portraiture is used to combine data from etymological and historical dictionaries and see the dynamics of the development of the semantic, word-formation and stylistic potential of the language unit in the diachrony. The article details the materials of etymological and historical dictionaries of the Russian language, presents and describes numerous variants of the use of an imperfective “gryaznut’” and a perfective “pogryaznut’”, recorded in dictionaries containing the vocabulary of the Russian language of the X - XVII centuries. It has been established that in the ancient Russian language, the imperfective “gryaznut’” had a direct nominative meaning of "dive, sink" and was rarely used in monuments of writing. The multi-valued and most frequency used was the positive, effective perfective “pogryaznut’”. The article presents all lexical and semantic variants of the verb and examples of word usage recorded in dictionaries that reflect the vocabulary of the X - XVII centuries. The article presents synonyms and numerous derivatives of the verb, including the semantics of abstract nouns formed from the verb “pogryaznut’” and reflecting the influence of the Church Slavonic language on the book-written literary language of the old Russian period. The lexicographic portrait of the lexeme “pogryaznut’” shows ambiguity in the interpretation of certain meanings in different historical periods. The analysis allows us to compare the meanings of the lexeme, see their distinctive features and conclude that there are independent stereotypical images that exist in the minds of native speakers in the X - XVII centuries.

scholarly journals AN ANALYSIS OF STUDENTS’ ERROR IN WRITING SIMPLE SENTENCES

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 49
Author(s):  
Budi Nugraha Hidayat ◽  
Maryani Maryani
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Spoken Language ◽  
Past Tense ◽  
Simple Sentence ◽  
Medium Level ◽  
Second Year ◽  
Irregular Verbs ◽  
Simple Sentences

Language is needed whether it is written or spoken. Language is very necessary for people as a mean of communication. The objective of this research was to analyze the students’ ability in writing simple sentences in past tense. This research used qualitaive research and the data were analyzed to investigate the second year of students’ ability in writing English simple sentences. The participant of this research was consisted of 32 students. Data analysis shows that 27.81% the students have difficulties in structure English simple sentence in past tense. Furthermore 38.12% the students have difficulties using regular verbs in past tense, whereas 71.8% the students have difficulties using irregural verbs in past tense. Over all, the students’ ability in writing English simple sentence in past tense can be considered in medium level. This is due to their confusion in using verb (regular verbs and irregular verbs).

scholarly journals Exploring Sentence Diversity at the Boundary of Typical and Impaired Language Abilities

2020 ◽  
Vol 63 (10) ◽  
pp. 3236-3251
Author(s):  
Pamela A. Hadley
Keyword(s):  
Language Impairment ◽  
Specific Language Impairment ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Review Article ◽  
Simple Sentence ◽  
Language Abilities ◽  
Developmental Patterns ◽  
Third Person ◽  
Archival Database ◽  
Simple Sentences

Purpose This review article summarizes programmatic research on sentence diversity in toddlers developing language typically and explores developmental patterns of sentence diversity in toddlers at risk for specific language impairment. Method The first half of this review article presents a sentence-focused approach to language assessment and intervention and reviews findings from empirical studies of sentence diversity. In the second half, subject and verb diversity in three simple sentence types are explored in an archival database of toddlers with varying levels of grammatical outcomes at 36 months of age: low average, mild/moderate delay, and severe delay. Results Descriptive findings from the archival database replicated previous developmental patterns. All toddlers with low-average language abilities produced diverse simple sentences by 30 months of age and exhibited greater sentence diversity with first-person I -subjects before third-person subjects. Third-person subject diversity emerged in a developmental sequence, increasing in one-argument copula contexts and one-argument subject–verb sentences before two-argument subject–verb–object sentences. This developmental pattern held across all three outcome groups. Third-person subjects were least diverse for children with severe grammatical delays and were absent in all sentence contexts for two children with severe delays at 36 months. Conclusions Sentence diversity increases gradually and expands in predictable patterns. Understanding these developmental patterns may help identify and treat children who display unexpected difficulty combining different subjects and verbs in flexible ways. Supplemental Material and Presentation Video https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.12915320

scholarly journals “The Sketch of the Arabic Literature” by V. F. Guirgass (1835–1887) in the context of the Russian Arabic Studies d the 19th century and the present situation in our branch of scholarship

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 735-757
Author(s):  
Dmitry V. Mikulsky
Keyword(s):  
Substantial Effect ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
Arabic Literature ◽  
Special Importance ◽  
Advanced Students ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Academy Of Sciences ◽  
High Degree ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
Classical Arabic

Professor of the Oriental Faculty of the Imperial University of St. Petersburg Vladimir F. Guirgass (1835–1887) is one of the founders of the Academic Arabic Studies in Russia and the first Russian Arabist of the European level. As a young man V. F. Guirgass carried out an extremely fruitful Academic journey to the Arab Orient, which was also eminent for him from the vie-point of areal studies. The results of this travelling experience produced a substantial effect upon the rest of the life of Guirgass as a scholar and as a professor. The legacy of Guirgass appears to be to a high degree fundamental. Among his exploits are educational supplies (on the Muslim Law and the Arabic Literature), readers for beginners in Arabic, as well as for advanced students (the latter is aimed at instructing future experts in divers genres of the Classical Arabic Literature) and the first Arabic-Russian Vocabulary, which still remains unique as a dictionary of the Classical Arabic in Russia. At the termination of his earthy life V. Guirgass prepared for the publication the text of a major classical Arabic Medieval work on History, that is Kitab al-Akhbar al-Tiwal (The Book of the Long Narrations) by al-Dinawari (9th c.). Some of the attainments carried out by V. Guirgass are shared by his disciple, who later was promoted to the membership of the Russian Imperial Academy of Sciences, V. R. Rosen (1849–1908). The two scholars were active at those times, when the essential Arabic sources, that they were anxious about, still remained unpublished in the form of manuscripts. All these items are under the discussion in the present article. In the course of the presentation, the Author analyses the works by Guirgass that became available to him for a study lake that. Special attention is paid to “The Sketch of the Arabic Literature” (1874), as there is a project of carrying out its new edition. The work is of a special importance, as it has been for a long time the only complete account of the Classical Arabic Literature in the Russian Language, aimed at the purposes of the Higher Education in the field of the Arabic Studies. While informing the present-day Arabists about the life and acts of a for-father of our contemporary Studies, the Author was striving to reveal their continual value for our profession.

scholarly journals LANGUAGE EXPLICATION OF THE CONCEPT "RESISTENCE" IN NEWSPAPER AND PUBLICISTIC DISCOURSE: ANALYSIS OF THE FUNCTIONAL AND SEMANTIC PECULIARITIES OF THE KEY LEXEME-REPRESENTATIVE IN SUBJECT-PREDICATE RELATIONS

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (34) ◽  
Author(s):  
L XU ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Positive Emotions ◽  
Semantic Content ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
Character Trait ◽  
Cognitive Approach ◽  
Semantic Categories ◽  
The Media ◽  
Syntactic Relations ◽  
Type Of Behavior

Objective of the article is to examine the representation of the mental concept "persistence" in the media discourse. Applied methods: The research is carried out within the framework of the linguo-cognitive approach to linguistic phenomena. The features of the key representative lexeme of the concept "persistence" in subject-predicate syntactic relations are considered on the material of the National Corpus of the Russian language. Results. Research shows that in speech contexts, the lexeme "persistence" mainly expresses two interrelated semantic categories: a character trait and a type of behavior. A significant place in the content of the concept "persistence" is occupied by pragmatic and evaluative cognitive features. In expressing the volitional quality of a person, the emphasis is on the positive-evaluative connotation of the concept under study. Thus, perseverance is considered necessary for various fields of activity. This trait often leads to positive results, evokes positive emotions and feelings in people. In case of designating such behaviors as persistent upholding of one's position, avoiding compromise, etc., in the structure of the concept "persistence", mainly cognitive features with a negative evaluative connotation are distinguished: "incomprehensible, inexplicable and strange behavior", "a factor that interferes that hinders, complicates the implementation of something. " Conclusion. The analysis of the compatibility of the lexeme "persistence" with verbs in the constructions "subject-predicate" on the material of newspaper texts allows us to reveal various aspects of the semantic content of the concept.

scholarly journals Effects of semantic and syntactic complexities and aspectual class on past tense production

2003 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
pp. 149-175
Author(s):  
Ayumi Matsuo
Keyword(s):  
Relative Clause ◽  
Past Tense ◽  
Complex Sentence ◽  
Simple Sentence ◽  
Complex Sentences ◽  
Complement Clause ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Series Of Experiments ◽  
Topic Time ◽  
Simple Sentences

This paper reports results from a series of experiments that investigated whether semantic and/or syntactic complexity influences young Dutch children’s production of past tense forms. The constructions used in the three experiments were (i) simple sentences (the Simple Sentence Experiment), (ii) complex sentences with CP complements (the Complement Clause Experiment) and (iii) complex sentences with relative clauses (the Relative Clause Experiment). The stimuli involved both atelic and telic predicates. The goal of this paper is to address the following questions. Q1. Does semantic complexity regarding temporal anchoring influence the types of errors that children make in the experiments? For example, do children make certain types of errors when a past tense has to be anchored to the Utterance Time (UT), as compared to when it has to be anchored to the matrix topic time (TT)? Q2. Do different syntactic positions influence children’s performance on past-tense production? Do children perform better in the Simple Sentence Experiment compared to complex sentences involving two finite clauses (the Complement Clause Experiment and the Relative Clause Experiment)? In complex sentence trials, do children perform differently when the CPs are complements vs. when the CPs are adjunct clauses? (Lebeaux 1990, 2000) Q3. Do Dutch children make more errors with certain types of predicate (such as atelic predicates)? Alternatively, do children produce a certain type of error with a certain type of predicates (such as producing a perfect aspect with punctual predicates)? Bronckart and Sinclair (1973), for example, found that until the age of 6, French children showed a tendency to use passé composé with perfective events and simple present with imperfective events; we will investigate whether or not the equivalent of this is observed in Dutch.  

scholarly journals KONTRUKSI KALIMAT SINGKAT BAHASA SUNDA (Kajian Struktur dan Makna Kalimat dalam Majalah Manglẻ)

LOKABASA ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
WIWIN SETIAWATI ◽  
YAYAT SUDARYAT
Keyword(s):  
Data Processing ◽  
Elemental Analysis ◽  
Data Card ◽  
Simple Sentence ◽  
Research Technique ◽  
Library Research ◽  
Analysis Technique ◽  
Simple Sentences ◽  
Descriptive Method ◽  
Elemental Analysis Technique

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dan mendeskripsikan kalimat singkat dalam majalah Manglé. Dalam penelitian ini digunakan metode deskriptif. Data dikumpulkan melalui teknik studi pustaka dengan instrumen kartu data. Untuk mengolah data digunakan teknik analisis unsur langsung. Hasil penelitian menemkan 706 kalimat singkat yang frekuensi pemakaiannya sebanyak 2028 kalimat. Ditemukan enam tipe kalimat singkat, yakni kalimat salam, kalimat seruan, kalimat panggilan, kalimat judul, kalimat motto, dan kalimat inkripsi. Kalimah singkat memiliki pola tertentu, yakni A : Kal Sal  P + S + K; B : Kal Seru  S + P; C : Kal Pangg  Kata Seru; D : Kal Jud  S + O; E : Kal Mot  FP/FS Koor; F : Kal Ins  FB N + FB Mod. Kalimat singkat mengandung sepuluh makna, yakni rasa syukur, ucapan selamat, seruan pengganti dan nama diri, rasa sakit, marah, menerima, kaget, pernyataan, pedoman, dan cita-cita. This study was to identify and to describe simple sentences in Manglé magazine. This study used a descriptive method. The data were collected through library research technique with data card instrument. The data processing employed direct elemental analysis technique. The research found 706 sentences with the use frequency of 2028 sentences. This study found six types of simple sentences. They are the greetings, appeals, callings, titles, motto, and encryptions. A simple sentence has a certain pattern, namely A : Kal Sal  P + S + K; B : Kal Seru  S + P; C : Kal Pangg  Kata Seru; D : Kal Jud  S + O; E : Kal Mot  FP/FS Koor; F : Kal Ins  FB N + FB Mod. The simple sentence contains ten meanings: gratitude, congratulations, calling for a replacement, and the name of self, pain, anger, acceptance, surprise, statements, guidance, and ideals.

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