scholarly journals Oil Spill Detection using Sentinel-1 Multitemporal Data in Offshore Karawang

2020 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 69-79
Author(s):  
Godfried Junio Sebastian Matahelemual ◽  
Agung Budi Harto ◽  
Tri Muji Susantoro
Keyword(s):  
Oil Spill ◽  
Oil Spills ◽  
Northern Coast ◽  
Marine Animals ◽  
North West ◽  
Short And Long Term ◽  
Java Sea ◽  
Multitemporal Data ◽  
Thresholding Algorithm

Oil spill is a serious problem that could lead to economic and ecological losses, both in the short and long term. On July 12, 2019, there occurred an oil leakage around YYA-1 oil platform of Pertamina Hulu Energi Offshore North West Java (PHE ONWJ), located off the northern coast of Karawang, Java Sea. This incident has caused the death of fishes and marine animals, damage to coral reefs, mangroves, and seagrass beds, and several health problems of coastal communities. Therefore, it is necessary to map and monitor oil spills, so that actions can be taken to prevent the spread of oil spills. This study aims to map the distribution of oil spills in Karawang sea using multitemporal Sentinel-1 data from July to September 2019. The detection is carried out using the adaptive thresholding algorithm combined with manual interpretation. The result shows that the oil spills spread around Karawang sea from YYA-1 platform to Sedari Village and there are oil spills spreading from the Central Plant F/S platform. The oil spills tend to shift westward from July to September 2019. This shifting is supposed to be influenced by current and wave factors that were dominant moving westward at that time. Based on data processing, it was found that the oil spill area from July to September was respectively 24.79 km2, 20.05 km2, and 27.12 km2.

Guanabara Bay Oil Spill 2000, Brazil – Cetacean Response

2003 ◽  
Vol 2003 (1) ◽  
pp. 1035-1037 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Kirwan John Short
Keyword(s):  
Oil Spill ◽  
Oil Spills ◽  
Monitoring Program ◽  
Action Plans ◽  
Guanabara Bay ◽  
Operational Strategies ◽  
Response System ◽  
System A ◽  
Oil Spill Response

ABSTRACT On the 18th January 2000 a broken pipeline owned and operated by the oil company Petrobras spilt some 1300 tonne of bunker fuel into Guanabara Bay, Rio de Janeiro. The wildlife response was divided amongst 2 operational strategies and included – avian fauna and cetaceans. This paper deals with the cetacean response only. Cetaceans are generally not considered as an important feature of an oil spill response. Contingency planning for cetaceans in oil spills is now becoming an important element for preparedness for some countries. The cetacean response in Guanabara Bay specifically targeted a pod of about 70 members of the species Sotalia fluviatilis, a small dolphin that inhabits the bay. The response included the development of a plan that included a response system, a monitoring program and action plans. The response system detailed the mechanism for the plan to work and adopted the incident control management system. The monitoring program related to the study of any short term or long term deleterious effects resulting from the spill and consisted of basic spatial, temporal and behavioural studies. Action plans were developed specific to the character of Guanabara Bay and included the rescue and rehabilitation strategies necessary to respond to oil affected cetaceans. A training program was then developed and implemented to personnel who were to enact the cetacean response.

scholarly journals The Demographic Implications of Crop Farmers-Pastoralists Conflict in Benue North-West, Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 04 (07) ◽  
Author(s):  
Godwin Kwanga ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Survey Design ◽  
Arable Land ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Small Arms ◽  
North West ◽  
Key Informant ◽  
Short And Long Term ◽  
Key Informant Interview

Conflicts between crop farmers and pastoralists have become a common feature of economic livelihood in West Africa. The study assessed the demographic implications of crop farmers-pastoralists conflict in Benue North-West, Nigeria. The study adopted a cross-sectional survey design and a sample of 120 respondents was purposively selected from the three LGAs mostly affected by the pastoralists’ attacks. Data were collected using structured questionnaires, key informant interview and field observations and analyzed using descriptive statistics (frequency, percentages and mean). The study in its course found that availability of evergreen arable land (3,27), competition over available evergreen arable lands (3.0), damage to crops (3.12) and the proliferation and availability of cheap small arms and light weapons (2.52) are the major causes of conflict in the area. The study also revealed that the conflict has both short and long term demographic implication on the affected communities. The study recommended sustainable measures towards addressing conflict in the affected communities.

scholarly journals Hyperspectral Remote Sensing Detection of Marine Oil Spills Using an Adaptive Long-Term Moment Estimation Optimizer

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 157
Author(s):  
Zongchen Jiang ◽  
Jie Zhang ◽  
Yi Ma ◽  
Xingpeng Mao
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Oil Spill ◽  
Oil Spills ◽  
Heavy Oils ◽  
Marine Oil ◽  
Oil Spill Detection ◽  
Moment Estimation ◽  
Marine Oil Spills ◽  
Oil Films

Marine oil spills can damage marine ecosystems, economic development, and human health. It is important to accurately identify the type of oil spills and detect the thickness of oil films on the sea surface to obtain the amount of oil spill for on-site emergency responses and scientific decision-making. Optical remote sensing is an important method for marine oil-spill detection and identification. In this study, hyperspectral images of five types of oil spills were obtained using unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV). To address the poor spectral separability between different types of light oils and weak spectral differences in heavy oils with different thicknesses, we propose the adaptive long-term moment estimation (ALTME) optimizer, which cumulatively learns the spectral characteristics and then builds a marine oil-spill detection model based on a one-dimensional convolutional neural network. The results of the detection experiment show that the ALTME optimizer can store in memory multiple batches of long-term oil-spill spectral information, accurately identify the type of oil spills, and detect different thicknesses of oil films. The overall detection accuracy is larger than 98.09%, and the Kappa coefficient is larger than 0.970. The F1-score for the recognition of light-oil types is larger than 0.971, and the F1-score for detecting films of heavy oils with different film thicknesses is larger than 0.980. The proposed optimizer also performs well on a public hyperspectral dataset. We further carried out a feasibility study on oil-spill detection using UAV thermal infrared remote sensing technology, and the results show its potential for oil-spill detection in strong sunlight.

EFFECTS OF EXPERIMENTAL CRUDE OIL SPILLS ON TAIGA AND TUNDRA VEGETATION OF THE CANADIAN ARCTIC

1975 ◽  
Vol 1975 (1) ◽  
pp. 517-525 ◽  
Author(s):  
T.C. Hutchinson ◽  
W. Freedman
Keyword(s):  
Crude Oil ◽  
Oil Spills ◽  
Black Spruce ◽  
Energy Budgets ◽  
Ground Vegetation ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Tundra Vegetation ◽  
Short And Long Term ◽  
Vegetation Species

ABSTRACT Summer and winter crude oil spills have been made on tundra and taiga sites in arctic Canada. The short- and long-term effects of these spills have been recorded, to date, over a 3-year period. Spills were made by even surface spraying and by high intensity point spills. The vegetation present prior to such spills was carefully recorded. All surface spills had a devastating effect on above-ground vegetation. Species did, however, differ markedly in both their ability to survive an oil spill and their ability to recover. Many species, especially lichens, mosses, and liverworts, were killed outright. Some woody and dwarf shrubs were able to produce new, healthy shoots within a few weeks of initial defoliation. The reduced production of storage material, as a result of foliage (and photosynthetic) loss, caused markedly increased plant losses by winter-killing factors. Flowering and reproduction were severely reduced, even in the third summer following a spill. Winter spills had significantly less effect than summer spills. Permafrost was little affected, despite changes in the site energy budgets. Damage appeared greater in exposed taiga sites than on the tundra. Some species, such as black spruce, died throughout a 3-year period, emphasizing the necessity for long-term studies for accurate assessment.

Electrical resistivity imaging for long-term autonomous monitoring of hydrocarbon degradation: Lessons from the Deepwater Horizon oil spill

Geophysics ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 80 (1) ◽  
pp. B1-B11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey Heenan ◽  
Lee D. Slater ◽  
Dimitrios Ntarlagiannis ◽  
Estella A. Atekwana ◽  
Babu Z. Fathepure ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oil Spill ◽  
Oil Spills ◽  
Test Site ◽  
Deepwater Horizon ◽  
Hydrocarbon Degradation ◽  
Shallow Subsurface ◽  
Beach Sediments ◽  
Resistivity Variation ◽  
Degradation Activity

Conceptual models for the geophysical responses associated with hydrocarbon degradation suggest that the long-term evolution of an oil plume will result in a more conductive anomaly than the initial contamination. In response to the Deepwater Horizon (DH) oil spill into the Gulf of Mexico in 2010, an autonomous resistivity monitoring system was deployed on Grand Terre, Louisiana, in an attempt to monitor natural degradation processes in hydrocarbon-impacted beach sediments of this island. A 48-electrode surface array with a 0.5-m spacing was installed to obtain twice-daily images of the resistivity structure of the shallow subsurface impacted by oil. Over the course of approximately 18 months, we observed a progressive decrease in the resistivity of the DH spill-impacted region. Detailed analysis of pixel/point resistivity variation within the imaged area showed that long-term decreases in resistivity were largely associated with the DH-impacted sediments. A microbial diversity survey revealed the presence of hydrocarbon-degrading organisms throughout the test site. However, hydrocarbon degradation activity was much higher in the DH-impacted locations compared to nonimpacted locations, suggesting the presence of active hydrocarbon degraders, supporting biodegradation processes. The results of this long-term monitoring experiment suggested that resistivity might be used to noninvasively monitor the long-term degradation of crude oil spills.

An Autonomous Robotic Platform for Detecting, Monitoring and Tracking of Oil Spill on Water Surface

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Swarn Singh Rathour ◽  
Naomi Kato ◽  
H. Senga ◽  
N. Tanabe ◽  
M. Yoshie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oil Spill ◽  
Oil Spills ◽  
Sensor Data ◽  
Unique Contribution ◽  
Physical Constraints ◽  
Water Currents ◽  
Autonomous Surface Vehicle ◽  
History Of ◽  
And Control

With the aim of aiding mitigation efforts, in mapping and simulating the transport of the discharged hydrocarbon this paper proposes an autonomous surface vehicle (ASV), propelled by wind and water currents for the long-term monitoring of spilled oil on the ocean surface. This paper makes a unique contribution to the literature in proposing a cluster-based decision-making algorithm for sailing the ASV based on a complete scanning history of the area surrounding the vehicle by the oil detection sensor. A Gaussian-based oil cluster filtering algorithm is introduced to identify the largest oil slick patch. The physical constraints of the ASV have been taken in account to allow for the computation of feasible maneuvering headings for sailing to avoid sailing upwind (i.e., in the direction from which the wind is coming). Finally, using neoprene sheets to simulate oil spills, field test experiments are described to validate the operation of the ASV with respect to oil spill tracking using a guidance, navigation, and control system based on onboard sensor data for tracking the artificial oil targets.

scholarly journals Long-term reproductive impairment in a seabird after the Prestige oil spill

2014 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 20131041 ◽  
Author(s):  
Álvaro Barros ◽  
David Álvarez ◽  
Alberto Velando
Keyword(s):  
Oil Spill ◽  
Oil Spills ◽  
Population Level ◽  
Marine Organisms ◽  
Supporting Evidence ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Reproductive Impairment ◽  
Long Term Consequences ◽  
The Impact

Large oil spills are dramatic perturbations on marine ecosystems, and seabirds are one of the worst affected organisms in such events. It has been argued that oil spills may have important long-term consequences on marine organisms, but supporting evidence remains scarce. The European shag ( Phalacrocorax aristotelis ) was strongly impacted at population level by the Prestige oil spill, the biggest spillage in the eastern North Atlantic. In this paper, we report on the long-term consequences on reproduction of this coastal seabird, using temporal and spatial replicated data (before–after–control–impact design). Our study revealed long-term reproductive impairment during at least the first 10 years since the Prestige oil spill. Annual reproductive success did not differ before the impact, but after the impact it was reduced by 45% in oiled colonies compared with unoiled ones. This is a rare documentation of long-term effects after a major oil spill, highlighting the need for long-term monitoring in order to assess the real impact of this type of disturbance on marine organisms.

scholarly journals Health effect research on Hebei Spirit Oil Spill (HEROS) in Korea: a cohort profile

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. e026740 ◽  
Author(s):  
Myung Sook Park ◽  
Kyung-Hwa Choi ◽  
Seung-Hwa Lee ◽  
Jong-Il Hur ◽  
Su Ryeon Noh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Environmental Health ◽  
Health Effects ◽  
Oil Spill ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Oil Spills ◽  
Health Effect ◽  
Oxidative Stress Biomarkers ◽  
Spill Site

PurposeThe Hebei Spirit Oil Spill occurred on 7 December 2007 and resulted in the spillage of 12 547 kl of crude oil on the coastline near Taean. Historically, this was the largest oil spill in Korean water. The health effect research on Hebei Spirit Oil Spill (HEROS) is a prospective cohort study that aimed to evaluate the long-term health effects of oil spill exposure on residents in the affected community.ParticipantsThe Taean Environmental Health Center initially enrolled adults, adolescents and children living in Taean in 2009 and 2010. Follow-up surveys of participating adults and children were conducted every other year. By 2017, a total of 9585 adults and 2216 children and adolescents were enrolled. Of these, 294 adults and 102 children and adolescents were included in all subsequent surveys.Findings to dateChildren who lived closer to the oil spill site exhibited a lower level of pulmonary function and higher prevalence of allergic rhinitis, than those who lived further away from the oil spill site. Adults who lived in a highly exposed area or participated in clean-up work had higher urine levels of the oxidative stress biomarkers malondialdehyde and 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine. Changes in haematological parameters during a 3-year period were observed in residents of both sexes in highly exposed areas, in addition to increases in respiratory diseases and mental health problems in female and male participants, respectively.Future plansThe findings of this study will better enable policy makers to develop environmental health policies intended to prevent adverse health effects in residents of communities affected by oil spills, as well as policies regarding the management of future oil accidents. The HEROS study will continue to follow participants in future and will be updated to enable an investigation of long-term health effects.

scholarly journals ONLINE INTEGRATED MODELING ON REGIONAL SCALE IN NORTH-WEST RUSSIA: EVALUATION OF AEROSOLS INFLUENCE ON METEOROLOGICAL PARAMETERS

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 73-83
Author(s):  
Georgy Nerobelov ◽  
Margarita Sedeeva ◽  
Alexander Mahura ◽  
Roman Nuterman ◽  
Suleiman Mostamandi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cloud Cover ◽  
Meteorological Parameters ◽  
Regional Scale ◽  
Total Cloud Cover ◽  
North West ◽  
The North ◽  
Aerosol Effect ◽  
Short And Long Term ◽  
Aerosol Effects

In this study the aerosols influence on selected meteorological parameters during two summer 2010 periods is evaluated with focus on the North-West Russia and urban area of St. Petersburg. For that, the seamless fully online-integrated Enviro-HIRLAM model is used. The simulations are realised in short- and long-term modes for selected periods. For evaluation of aerosol influence, in addition to the control/ reference run, the runs with direct, indirect and both combined aerosol effects are performed.It was found that for the North-West Russia region, the direct aerosol effect had increased air temperature (by 1-3˚) and decreased total cloud cover (by 10-20%). The indirect effect decreased temperature (by 0.4-1˚) and increased cloud cover (by 10-20%). The combined effect was the largest territorially; and such effect both decreased temperature and cloud cover (by 1-3˚ and by 6-20%, respectively) as well as increased these (by 0.4-0.6˚ and 1020%).

ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES FOR A PERMIT-WIDE DRILLING PROGRAM IN A SENSITIVE MARINE ENVIRONMENT

1994 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 750
Author(s):  
Barry Smith ◽  
Julie Martine ◽  
Graeme D. Hubbert
Keyword(s):  
Oil Spill ◽  
Marine Environment ◽  
Oil Spills ◽  
Surface Current ◽  
Environmental Studies ◽  
Local Environment ◽  
Specific Work ◽  
Site Specific ◽  
North West ◽  
Response Planning

An integrated program of environmental studies was undertaken in support of an application to conduct permit-wide exploratory drilling in a shallow, sensitive marine environment. The program comprised permit and well site specific work which was carried out in parallel with a corporate due diligence program established by the permit Operator.Scientific studies undertaken for permit area EP 341 off the north west coast of Western Australia comprised underwater surveys, aerial video reconnaissance, surface current tracking surveys and oil spill trajectory modelling to characterise the local environment and identify sensitive resources at risk of impact from oil spills. Survey data were used to prepare an environmental impact assessment report and an oil spill contingency plan, which provide a set of site-specific environmental management guidelines for use by field and office personnel involved with the drilling program. A 3D oil spill trajectory model successfully predicted current flows in the complex hydrodynamic environment of the permit areas, demonstrating its usefulness as a real time tool for oil spill response planning.

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