scholarly journals Everything You Always Wanted to Know About BGPv4 in OMNeT++ But Were Afraid to Ask

10.29007/vs92 ◽  
2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vladimír Veselý ◽  
Marcel Marek ◽  
Kamil Jeřábek ◽  
Adrian Novák
Keyword(s):  
Discrete Event ◽  
Autonomous Systems ◽  
Simulation Models ◽  
Border Gateway Protocol ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Discrete Event Simulator

Border Gateway Protocol is one and only one exterior gateway protocol for routing between autonomous systems, which basically glues the Internet together. This paper outlines BGPv4 theory and its (re)implementations in OMNeT++ discrete event simulator. This effort extends IPv6 capabilities of INET4 framework and improves the accuracy of relevant simulation models.

scholarly journals Reducing convergence time along with improvement in path service quality of border gateway protocol

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2.31) ◽  
pp. 203
Author(s):  
Arushi Agarwal ◽  
Ayushi Pandey
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Service ◽  
Service Quality ◽  
Routing Protocol ◽  
Autonomous Systems ◽  
Border Gateway Protocol ◽  
Convergence Time ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Bgp Routing

Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) is an exterior gateway routing protocol used between various autonomous systems across the internet. BGP helps in selecting the best route for the transmission of data among the users. The transmission policy followed by BGP should be such that it should increase BGP routing performances. This work aims to reduce the convergence time of the network with the improvement of QOS (Quality of Service) in the routing of Border Gateway Protocol. Our results show that we can obtain a reduced framework environment which has a best routing path with better energy and quality, along with reduction in convergence time. 

scholarly journals Identifying Recurrence Behaviour in the Underlying BGP Traffic

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-47
Author(s):  
Bahaa Qasim Al-Musawi ◽  
Philip Branch
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Routing Protocol ◽  
Autonomous Systems ◽  
Border Gateway Protocol ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Internet Routing ◽  
Periodic Behaviour ◽  
Linear And Nonlinear ◽  
The Stability

The Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) is an Internet routing protocol responsible for exchanging network reachability information between Autonomous Systems (ASes). Monitoring and mining BGP traffic are important aspects to understand and improve the stability of the Internet. However, identifying the characteristics of BGP traffic is much harder than it seems at a first glance where BGP traffic has been identified as complex, voluminous, and noisy. In this paper, we show that BGP traffic can be understood as an aggregation of oscillations of different frequencies from different ASes. Using linear and nonlinear statistical analysis, we show that BGP traffic shows recurrent behaviour. The source of this behaviour is unsynchronised periodic behaviour from a set of ASes.

Technological networks

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Newman
Keyword(s):  
Transportation Networks ◽  
Autonomous Systems ◽  
Distribution Networks ◽  
Border Gateway Protocol ◽  
Power Grids ◽  
Telephone Network ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Network Power

An introduction to technological networks and their measurement. The internet is discussed at some length, including a description of its overall structure, methods for measuring it based on traceroute and the Border Gateway Protocol, and representations of the network at the level of routers, domains, and autonomous systems. Other technological networks discussed in this chapter include the telephone network, power grids, transportation networks, and distribution networks.

scholarly journals Implementation of Multihoming Border Gateway Protocol for Internet Connection of Two Internet Service Providers

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alfian Ari Putra ◽  
Sumarno
Keyword(s):  
Service Providers ◽  
Autonomous Systems ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Border Gateway Protocol ◽  
The Other ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Internet Service Providers ◽  
Internet Service ◽  
Internet Connection

Today the internet is inseparable in the life of modern society. For this reason, fast and reliable internet is very important. To achieve this, on the internet there are various kinds of technologies that make it very reliable. One of the technologies used in the internet is the Multihoming Border Gateway Protocol (BGP). This BGP technology allows every router on the internet to be connected and exchange routing information needed on the internet. BGP Multihoming allows two or more Autonomous Systems (AS) to connect and exchange routing information without any routing information being wrong. So if there is one AS experiencing interference then it will not significantly affect the other AS. That is because there are two or more pathways that can be traversed to get to the destination AS.

Optimized MRAI Timers for Border Gateway Protocol in Large Networks

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 31-44
Author(s):  
Shipra Shukla ◽  
Mahesh Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Autonomous Systems ◽  
Border Gateway Protocol ◽  
Convergence Time ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Large Network ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Large Networks ◽  
Internet Applications ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Routing Performance

The global routing performance is essential for the services provided by the internet applications on the Internet. Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) is the extensively used routing protocol for the autonomous systems which constructs the internet. The reduction in convergence time is a crucial challenge for BGP. The past studies confirm that the Minimum Route Advertisement Interval (MRAI) decreases the convergence time. However, most of the approaches are focused on finding the optimum MRAI value. The techniques to implement the MRAI timers are less addressed by the researcher in compare to finding the optimum MRAI value. The implementation of reusable MRAI timers for large networks is critical at different load conditions. Therefore, this article presents the novel approach Optimized MRAI timer in a large network which reduces the convergence time. The proposed approach reduces the end-to-end delay, the number of exchanged updates message, and convergence time of BGP events and enhances the number of delivered packets in compare to related techniques.

scholarly journals Simulation modeling and analysis of primary health center operations

SIMULATION ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 003754972110309
Author(s):  
Mohd Shoaib ◽  
Varun Ramamohan
Keyword(s):  
Resource Utilization ◽  
Waiting Times ◽  
Discrete Event ◽  
Simulation Models ◽  
Modeling And Analysis ◽  
Healthcare Facilities ◽  
Event Simulation ◽  
Analytical Approximations ◽  
Primary Health ◽  
Generic Modeling

We present discrete-event simulation models of the operations of primary health centers (PHCs) in the Indian context. Our PHC simulation models incorporate four types of patients seeking medical care: outpatients, inpatients, childbirth cases, and patients seeking antenatal care. A generic modeling approach was adopted to develop simulation models of PHC operations. This involved developing an archetype PHC simulation, which was then adapted to represent two other PHC configurations, differing in numbers of resources and types of services provided, encountered during PHC visits. A model representing a benchmark configuration conforming to government-mandated operational guidelines, with demand estimated from disease burden data and service times closer to international estimates (higher than observed), was also developed. Simulation outcomes for the three observed configurations indicate negligible patient waiting times and low resource utilization values at observed patient demand estimates. However, simulation outcomes for the benchmark configuration indicated significantly higher resource utilization. Simulation experiments to evaluate the effect of potential changes in operational patterns on reducing the utilization of stressed resources for the benchmark case were performed. Our analysis also motivated the development of simple analytical approximations of the average utilization of a server in a queueing system with characteristics similar to the PHC doctor/patient system. Our study represents the first step in an ongoing effort to establish the computational infrastructure required to analyze public health operations in India and can provide researchers in other settings with hierarchical health systems, a template for the development of simulation models of their primary healthcare facilities.

scholarly journals Assessing asset monitoring levels for maintenance operations

2015 ◽  
Vol 26 (5) ◽  
pp. 632-659 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdullah A Alabdulkarim ◽  
Peter Ball ◽  
Ashutosh Tiwari
Keyword(s):  
Asset Management ◽  
Business Models ◽  
Discrete Event ◽  
Dynamic Modelling ◽  
Simulation Models ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Event Simulation ◽  
Product Service ◽  
Asset Monitoring ◽  
The Impact

Purpose – Asset management has recently gained significance due to emerging business models such as Product Service Systems where the sale of asset use, rather than the sale of the asset itself, is applied. This leaves the responsibility of the maintenance tasks to fall on the shoulders of the manufacturer/supplier to provide high asset availability. The use of asset monitoring assists in providing high availability but the level of monitoring and maintenance needs to be assessed for cost effectiveness. There is a lack of available tools and understanding of their value in assessing monitoring levels. The paper aims to discuss these issues. Design/methodology/approach – This research aims to develop a dynamic modelling approach using Discrete Event Simulation (DES) to assess such maintenance systems in order to provide a better understanding of the behaviour of complex maintenance operations. Interviews were conducted and literature was analysed to gather modelling requirements. Generic models were created, followed by simulation models, to examine how maintenance operation systems behave regarding different levels of asset monitoring. Findings – This research indicates that DES discerns varying levels of complexity of maintenance operations but that more sophisticated asset monitoring levels will not necessarily result in a higher asset performance. The paper shows that it is possible to assess the impact of monitoring levels as well as make other changes to system operation that may be more or less effective. Practical implications – The proposed tool supports the maintenance operations decision makers to select the appropriate asset monitoring level that suits their operational needs. Originality/value – A novel DES approach was developed to assess asset monitoring levels for maintenance operations. In applying this quantitative approach, it was demonstrated that higher asset monitoring levels do not necessarily result in higher asset availability. The work provides a means of evaluating the constraints in the system that an asset is part of rather than focusing on the asset in isolation.

scholarly journals Evolutionary Game Theory-Based Collaborative Sensing Model in Emergency CRAHNs

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sasirekha GVK ◽  
Jyotsna Bapat
Keyword(s):  
Game Theory ◽  
Cognitive Radio ◽  
Spectrum Sensing ◽  
Evolutionary Game Theory ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Evolutionary Game ◽  
Autonomous Systems ◽  
Simulation Models ◽  
Signal To Noise ◽  
Collaborative Spectrum Sensing

Game theory has been a tool of choice for modeling dynamic interactions between autonomous systems. Cognitive radio ad hoc networks (CRAHNs) constituted of autonomous wireless nodes are a natural fit for game theory-based modeling. The game theory-based model is particularly suitable for “collaborative spectrum sensing” where each cognitive radio senses the spectrum and shares the results with other nodes such that the targeted sensing accuracy is achieved. Spectrum sensing in CRAHNs, especially when used in emergency scenarios such as disaster management and military applications, needs to be not only accurate and resource efficient, but also adaptive to the changing number of users as well as signal-to-noise ratios. In addition, spectrum sensing mechanism must also be proactive, fair, and tolerant to security attacks. Existing work in collaborative spectrum sensing has mostly been confined to resource efficiency in static systems using request-based reactive sensing resulting in high latencies. In this paper, evolutionary game theory (EGT) is used to model the behavior of the emergency CRAHNS, providing an efficient model for collaborative spectrum sensing. The resulting implementation model is adaptive to the changes in its environment such as signal-to-noise ratio and number of users in the network. The analytical and simulation models presented validate the system design and the desired performance.

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