scholarly journals We know (nearly) nothing!l But can we learn?

10.29007/n7rd ◽  
2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephan Schulz

The greatest source of progress in automated theorem proving in the last 30 years has been the development of better search heuristics, usually based on developer experience and empirical evaluation, but increasingly also using automated optimization techniques. Despite this progress, we still know very little about proof search. We have mostly failed to identify good features for characterizing homogeneous problem classes, or for identifying interesting and relevant clauses and formulas.I propose the challenge of bringing together inductive techniques (generalization and learning) and deductive techniques to attack this problem. Hardware and software have finally evolved to a point that we can reasonably represent and analyze large proof searches and search decisions, and where we can hope to achieve order-of-magnitude improvements in the efficiency of the proof search.

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 3-10
Author(s):  
O.V. Lyaletski ◽  

Fifty years ago, in 1970, Academician V.M. Glushkov published a paper, in which he, along with a discussion of some problems of artificial intelligence, formulated a research program called Evidence Algorithm (EA) describing his vision of the problem of a computer support of human activity in looking for a proof of a particular theorem. V.M. Glushkov proposed to focus attention on the construction of an automated theorem-proving system performing simultaneous investigations in: creating formal natural languages for writing mathematical texts in a form accustomed to a human, constructing a procedure for a proof search based on the evolutionary developing of the machine notion of an evidence of a computer-made proof step, using the knowledge gained by the system during its operation and providing a user with the opportunity to assist to the system in its proof search process. Since the inception of EA, two serious attempts have been made to implement this program. The first led to the emergence in 1978 of a Russian-language automated theorem proving and the second led to the appearance in 2002 of its English-language modification named System for Automated Deduction (SAD). And if the development and trial operation of the first system were discontinued in 1992 after the output from service of the ES-line computers, on which it was realized, the SAD system, being placed on the website “nevidal.org”, is now still available in online mode. That is, at the current time, it is possible to carry out different experiments with the SAD system and to solve various problems that require rigorous mathematical reasoning. This work is devoted to a chronological description of studies on the implementation of the EA program for the entire period of its existence and to the highlighting of peculiarities of both the systems, as well as of their common features and distinguishes. Some possible ways of the further development of the SAD system are given.


10.29007/q91g ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Słowik ◽  
Chaitanya Mangla ◽  
Mateja Jamnik ◽  
Sean Holden ◽  
Lawrence Paulson

Modern theorem provers such as Vampire utilise premise selection algorithms to control the proof search explosion. Premise selection heuristics often employ an array of continuous and discrete parameters. The quality of recommended premises varies depending on the parameter assignment. In this work, we introduce a principled probabilistic framework for optimisation of a premise selection algorithm. We present results using Sumo Inference Engine (SInE) and the Archive of Formal Proofs (AFP) as a case study. Our approach can be used to optimise heuristics on large theories in minimum number of steps.


2021 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Geoff Sutcliffe

The CADE ATP System Competition (CASC) is the annual evaluation of fully automatic, classical logic Automated Theorem Proving (ATP) systems. CASC-J10 was the twenty-fifth competition in the CASC series. Twenty-four ATP systems and system variants competed in the various competition divisions. This paper presents an outline of the competition design, and a commentated summary of the results.


1993 ◽  
Vol 19 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 275-301
Author(s):  
Andrzej Biela

In this paper we shall introduce a formal system of algorithmic logic which enables us to formulate some problems connected with a retrieval system which provides a comprehensive tool in automated theorem proving of theorems consisting of programs, procedures and functions. The procedures and functions may occur in considered theorems while the program of the above mentioned system is being executed. We can get an answer whether some relations defined by programs hold and we can prove functional equations in a dynamic way by looking for a special set of axioms /assumptions/ during the execution of system. We formulate RS-algorithm which enables us to construct the set of axioms for proving some properties of functions and relations defined by programs. By RS-algorithm we get the dynamic process of proving functional equations and we can answer the question whether some relations defined by programs hold. It enables us to solve some problems concerning the correctness of programs. This system can be used for giving an expert appraisement. We shall provide the major structures and a sketch of an implementation of the above formal system.


2017 ◽  
Vol 139 (09) ◽  
pp. 58-59
Author(s):  
C. Clark ◽  
G. Pullan

This article elaborates the concept of splitter vanes in controlling secondary flow. Secondary flow vortices are formed by the rotation of vorticity filaments, located in the endwall boundary layers, as the filaments move through the passage. The connection between the number of stators and the secondary kinetic energy suggests that the only way to significantly reduce the mixing loss is to increase the number of blades in the row. The designs evaluated were produced with fast turn-around computational fluid dynamics (10 minutes per solution) and automated optimization techniques. Experimental tests showed that the theory was correct, and that by increasing vane count, the secondary kinetic energy was reduced by up to 80%.


2013 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 101-119 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mélanie Jacquel ◽  
Karim Berkani ◽  
David Delahaye ◽  
Catherine Dubois

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