scholarly journals Proving Simpson's Four-Slot Algorithm Using Ownership Transfer

10.29007/l2sp ◽  
2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuling Wang ◽  
Xu Wang
Keyword(s):  
Conflict Resolution ◽  
Coming Of Age ◽  
Shared Variable ◽  
Data Refinement ◽  
Correctness Proof ◽  
Ownership Transfer ◽  
Proof Methods ◽  
New Generation ◽  
First Time

Simpson's four-slot algorithm has been an instructive example in studying various assertional proof methods/logics geared towards shared variable concurrency. Previously, techniques like rely-guarantee, data refinement and resource separation have been applied to simplify the construction of its correctness proof. Still, an elegant, concise and insightful proof is elusive.Recently with the new generation of logics coming of age which are, for the first time, equipped with ownership transfer, it becomes imperative to ask to what extent can ownership transfer facilitate a nice proof of the algorithm. Ownership transfer is especially promising here because the conflict resolution mechanism in the four-slot algorithm can be easily recast as an implementation based on ownership transfer.

Recent developments in low-voltage SEM of polymers

1993 ◽  
Vol 51 ◽  
pp. 866-867
Author(s):  
S.J. Krause ◽  
W.W. Adams
Keyword(s):  
Low Voltage ◽  
Chromatic Aberration ◽  
Thermal Electron ◽  
Analytical Technique ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Beam Currents ◽  
New Generation ◽  
First Time ◽  
Voltage Scanning ◽  
Beam Damage

Over the past decade low voltage scanning electron microscopy (LVSEM) of polymers has evolved from an interesting curiosity to a powerful analytical technique. This development has been driven by improved instrumentation and in particular, reliable field emission gun (FEG) SEMs. The usefulness of LVSEM has also grown because of an improved theoretical and experimental understanding of sample-beam interactions and by advances in sample preparation and operating techniques. This paper will review progress in polymer LVSEM and present recent results and developments in the field.In the early 1980s a new generation of SEMs produced beam currents that were sufficient to allow imaging at low voltages from 5keV to 0.5 keV. Thus, for the first time, it became possible to routinely image uncoated polymers at voltages below their negative charging threshold, the "second crossover", E2 (Fig. 1). LVSEM also improved contrast and reduced beam damage in sputter metal coated polymers. Unfortunately, resolution was limited to a few tenths of a micron due to the low brightness and chromatic aberration of thermal electron emission sources.

scholarly journals Electrodeposition of Copper and Brass Coatings with Olive-Like Structure

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (7) ◽  
pp. 1762
Author(s):  
Artur Maciej ◽  
Natalia Łatanik ◽  
Maciej Sowa ◽  
Izabela Matuła ◽  
Wojciech Simka
Keyword(s):  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Cathodic Current Density ◽  
Bath Composition ◽  
Cathodic Current ◽  
Corrosion Properties ◽  
Fine Grained ◽  
Electrodeposited Coating ◽  
Copper Zinc ◽  
New Generation ◽  
First Time

One method of creating a brass coating is through electrodeposition, which is most often completed in cyanide galvanic baths. Due to their toxicity, many investigations focused on the development of more environmentally friendly alternatives. The purpose of the study was to explore a new generation of non-aqueous cyanide-free baths based on 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate ionic liquids. The study involved the formation of copper, zinc, and brass coatings. The influence of the bath composition, cathodic current density, and temperature was determined. The obtained coatings were characterized in terms of their morphology, chemical composition, phase composition, roughness, and corrosion resistance. It was found that the structure of the obtained coatings is strongly dependent on the process parameters. The three main structure types observed were as follows: fine-grained, porous, and olive-like. To the best knowledge of the authors, it is the first time the olive-like structure was observed in the case of an electrodeposited coating. The Cu-Zn coatings consisted of 19–96 at. % copper and exhibited relatively good corrosion resistance. A significant improvement of corrosion properties was found in the case of copper and brass coatings with the olive-like structure.

El español de la isla de La Graciosa desde una perspectiva prosódica

2021 ◽  
Vol 137 (2) ◽  
pp. 451-476
Author(s):  
Imelda Chaxiraxi Díaz Cabrera ◽  
Carolina Jorge Trujillo
Keyword(s):  
Canary Islands ◽  
Grammatical Morphology ◽  
Paper Format ◽  
New Generation ◽  
First Time ◽  
The Town

Abstract Manuel Alvar published the only linguistic work known on Spanish from the island of La Graciosa (Canary Islands) in 1965, focused on the town of Caleta del Sebo, to document, in the field of Linguistic geography, the ALEICan (Linguistic and ethnographic atlas of the Canary Islands [1975–1978]). Alvar’s studies used to cover the lexical, grammatical (morphology and syntax) and phonetic levels of the segmental type, but he did not consider prosodic aspects of speech which would later be incorporated into a new generation of atlases, which would go from paper format to multimedia. As the main exponent, the AMPER project (Atlas Multimédia Prosodique de l’Espace Roman) was created in 2001 and, within its framework, we intend to describe the melodic characteristics of a group of sentences emitted by a man and a woman from Caleta del Sebo, completing thus the study started by Alvar fifty-five years ago. In this way, the results will show for the first time if there is a prosodic proximity between the eighth island and the seven main islands, which have been widely described in previous works both in formal and in informal speech.

Swift catalytic reduction of hazardous pollutants by new generation microgels

Soft Matter ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vinai Kumar Singh ◽  
Krishna Kumar ◽  
Nishant Singh ◽  
Rudramani Tiwari ◽  
S. Krishnamoorthi
Keyword(s):  
Catalytic Reduction ◽  
Cross Linker ◽  
Hazardous Pollutants ◽  
New Generation ◽  
First Time

In this manuscript, we first time report the new generation microgel synthesis without using any divinyl functionalized cross-linker. New generation less crosslinked microgel structure has been achieved by optimizing the...

Conflict resolution practice in public procurement: evidence from Russia

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuliya Rodionova
Keyword(s):  
Conflict Resolution ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Public Procurement ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Conflict Situations ◽  
Judicial Proceedings ◽  
Survey Results ◽  
Conflict Handling ◽  
Informal Relations ◽  
First Time

Purpose This paper aims to analyze conflict resolution practice in public procurement. The specific feature of this sphere is the presence of the state and the resulting differences in assessing the chances of protecting one’s interests in court, as well as the effectiveness of judicial conflict resolution mechanisms. Design/methodology/approach This paper is based on the findings of a large-scale survey of suppliers conducted in 2017. To identify the characteristics of suppliers that use different conflict resolution mechanisms, probit-models were evaluated. For robustness check, combined mechanisms for resolving conflict situations were also considered and multi-nomial logistic regression was used. Findings The survey results showed that the majority of suppliers prefer to resolve conflicts in public procurement using an out-of-court negotiation with procurers while only 31% of respondents resort to judicial proceedings. At the same time, suppliers potentially involved in informal relations with procurers, are less likely to go to court and less often use negotiations. Practical implications The results of the study can be used as a justification for the development of a regulatory and organizational framework for the use of negotiations, mediation, arbitration and other alternate methods of conflict resolution in public procurement. Originality/value This paper makes an important contribution to the conflict-handling strategies of businesses and government by presenting for the first time a quantitative assessment of the prevalence of mechanisms for resolving conflicts in public procurement and factors influencing the choice of a conflict resolution mechanism.

Microstrip Gas Counters

2014 ◽  
pp. 31-51
Keyword(s):  
Glass Surface ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Large Area ◽  
Proportional Chamber ◽  
Microelectronic Technology ◽  
Multiwire Proportional Chamber ◽  
Dimensional Version ◽  
A Chain ◽  
New Generation ◽  
First Time

In this chapter, the first micropattern gaseous detector, the microstrip gas counter, invented in 1988 by A. Oed, is presented. It consists of alternating anode and cathode strips with a pitch of less than 1 mm created on a glass surface. It can be considered a two-dimensional version of a multiwire proportional chamber. This was the first time microelectronic technology was applied to manufacturing of gaseous detectors. This pioneering work offers new possibilities for large area planar detectors with small gaps between the anode and the cathode electrodes (less than 0.1 mm). Initially, this detector suffered from several serious problems, such as charging up of the substrate, discharges which destroyed the thin anode strips, etc. However, by efforts of the international RD28 collaboration hosted by CERN, most of them were solved. Although nowadays this detector has very limited applications, its importance was that it triggered a chain of similar developments made by various groups, and these collective efforts finally led to the creation of a new generation of gaseous detectors-micropattern detectors.

Breaking Stereotypes

2020 ◽  
pp. 135-143
Author(s):  
Manisha Mishra
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Women Characters ◽  
Everyday Life ◽  
Digital Media ◽  
Coming Of Age ◽  
Short Film ◽  
Feature Film ◽  
Film Genre ◽  
Short Films ◽  
First Time

Indian films are gradually coming of age: becoming more realistic, bold, and daring. Indian short films are getting candid: talking openly about issues rather than brushing them under the carpet. The digital media boom and the advent of social media have made the short film genre popular. In the fast-paced age where people, caught up in the humdrum and rat race of everyday life, are generally becoming impatient about everything, the short film has come to the rescue of filmmakers and film lovers. Gone are the days where everyone had ample time and patience to watch a three hour feature film or a two hour saga. In case of a short film, the message gets conveyed in a quick, crisp, and focused manner, without beating about the bush. Women-oriented short films like Her First Time, Juice, The Day After Every Day, Mama's Boy, Going Dutch, Pressure Cooker, The Girl Story, Ek Dopahar, Khaney Mein Kya Hai, White Shirt, Naked, etc. are breaking stereotypes of the patriarchal notions about women. The chapter probes the portrayals of women characters in Indian short films.

scholarly journals Beyond switches: Rotaxane- and catenane-based synthetic molecular motors

2008 ◽  
Vol 80 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Euan R. Kay ◽  
David A. Leigh
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Motors ◽  
Physical Science ◽  
Statistical Physics ◽  
Biological Process ◽  
Molecular Level ◽  
Molecular Machines ◽  
Interlocked Molecules ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
New Generation ◽  
First Time

Nature uses molecular motors and machines in virtually every significant biological process, but learning how to design and assemble simpler artificial structures that function through controlled molecular-level motion is a major challenge for contemporary physical science. The established engineering principles of the macroscopic world can offer little more than inspiration to the molecular engineer who creates devices for an environment where everything is constantly moving and being buffeted by other atoms and molecules. Rather, experimental designs for working molecular machines must follow principles derived from chemical kinetics, thermodynamics, and nonequilibrium statistical physics. The remarkable characteristics of interlocked molecules make them particularly useful for investigating the control of motion at the molecular level. Yet, the vast majority of synthetic molecular machines studied to date are simple two-state switches. Here we outline recent developments from our laboratory that demonstrate more complex molecular machine functions. This new generation of synthetic molecular machines can move continuously and progressively away from equilibrium, and they may be considered true prototypical molecular motors. The examples discussed exemplify two, fundamentally different, "Brownian ratchet" mechanisms previously developed in theoretical statistical physics and realized experimentally in molecular-level devices for the first time in these systems.

scholarly journals ‘Independent’ Kurdish Media in Syria

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 334-351 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yazan Badran ◽  
Enrico De Angelis
Keyword(s):  
Political Identity ◽  
Political Context ◽  
The Political ◽  
Television Station ◽  
Radio Stations ◽  
News Agency ◽  
Local Media ◽  
The Media ◽  
New Generation ◽  
First Time

The Syrian uprising in 2011 was accompanied by the birth of a new generation of media outlets seeking to offer alternative narratives to those of the regime. After the Kurds gained a certain level of autonomy from the Syrian regime and opposition forces, areas historically inhabited by Kurds (Rojava) have also seen the emergence of local media: for example, the television station Ronahi, magazines and newspapers such as Welat, Buyer and Shar, radio stations such as Arta FM and Welat and the ARA News agency. Indeed, for the first time in their history, Syrian Kurds have the opportunity to have an independent voice in the media landscape. In this paper we map the field of emerging Kurdish media in Syria and analyze some of the main features of these outlets, while situating them in the larger context of emerging Syrian media. Moreover, the paper explores their relationship in the current political context of the Syrian uprising and, especially, of Rojava. In doing so, we analyze the political identity that these media tend to project and address how they position themselves toward the issue of the Kurdish identity in general and in Syria in particular.

scholarly journals LC-MS/MS analysis of neonicotinoid insecticides: Residue findings in chilean honeys

2018 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raquel Bridi ◽  
Arturo Larena ◽  
Paula Núñez Pizarro ◽  
Ady Giordano ◽  
Gloria Montenegro
Keyword(s):  
Geographical Area ◽  
Pollen Grains ◽  
Neonicotinoid Insecticides ◽  
Galega Officinalis ◽  
Ms Analysis ◽  
Three Samples ◽  
Residue Levels ◽  
New Generation ◽  
First Time

ABSTRACT Neonicotinoids are a relatively new generation of insecticides that have been used for control of pests such as aphids, leafhoppers and whiteflies. This paper presents for the first time a determination of residues of four neonicotinoid insecticides (acetamiprid, thiamethoxam, thiacloprid and imidacloprid) in Chilean honey using QuEChERS extraction and UHPLC-MS/MS analysis. The limits of detection and quantification found for all analytes ranging from 0.34 to 1.43 μg kg-1 and from 0.30 to 4.76 μg kg-1, respectively. The extraction using QuEChERS method provided recoveries over 79% and the precision showed coefficient of variation lower than 20%. These data are in agreement with the international criteria that recommend general recovery limits of 70 - 120%. Of the 16 samples analyzed, in three honey samples neonicotinoids pesticides were detected. These three samples were collected from the same geographical area (Rengo). Fruit and grain production characterize the province of Rengo. The analysis of the botanical origin of these honeys showed the absence of pollen grains of crops and the majority presence of pollen grains of weeds such as Medicago sativa, Galega officinalis and Brassica rapa, which could be associated with crops. Although the residue levels found were low, the results also confirm the actual occurrence of a transfer of neonicotinoid insecticides from exposed honeybees into honey.

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