scholarly journals Benchmark Generator for Stratified Controllers of Tank Networks

10.29007/2ljt ◽  
2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stanley Bak ◽  
Sergiy Bogomolov ◽  
Marius Greitschus ◽  
Taylor T Johnson

We present a new model of a tank network used to transfer liquid. Tanks are connected by channels. The throughput velocity of every particular channel is governed by the controller. We consider a special class of stratified controllers which are organized in several phases. Every phase can be further partitioned into multiple options. This structure makes it easy to generate a variety of benchmark instances ranging in the size, branching factor and generally analysis complexity. We provide a flexible benchmark generator for this class of benchmarks and a sample benchmark suite built by the generator. Finally, we use the Hyst model transformation framework to convert the original model in a format compatible with several reachability tools.

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Weichen Zhang ◽  
Qiuna Du ◽  
Jing Xiao ◽  
Zhaori Bi ◽  
Chen Yu ◽  
...  

<b><i>Background:</i></b> Our research group has previously reported a noninvasive model that estimates phosphate removal within a 4-h hemodialysis (HD) treatment. The aim of this study was to modify the original model and validate the accuracy of the new model of phosphate removal for HD and hemodiafiltration (HDF) treatment. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> A total of 109 HD patients from 3 HD centers were enrolled. The actual phosphate removal amount was calculated using the area under the dialysate phosphate concentration time curve. Model modification was executed using second-order multivariable polynomial regression analysis to obtain a new parameter for dialyzer phosphate clearance. Bias, precision, and accuracy were measured in the internal and external validation to determine the performance of the modified model. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Mean age of the enrolled patients was 63 ± 12 years, and 67 (61.5%) were male. Phosphate removal was 19.06 ± 8.12 mmol and 17.38 ± 6.75 mmol in 4-h HD and HDF treatments, respectively, with no significant difference. The modified phosphate removal model was expressed as Tpo<sub>4</sub> = 80.3 × <i>C</i><sub>45</sub> − 0.024 × age + 0.07 × weight + β × clearance − 8.14 (β = 6.231 × 10<sup>−3</sup> × clearance − 1.886 × 10<sup>−5</sup> × clearance<sup>2</sup> – 0.467), where <i>C</i><sub>45</sub> was the phosphate concentration in the spent dialysate measured at the 45th minute of HD and clearance was the phosphate clearance of the dialyzer. Internal validation indicated that the new model was superior to the original model with a significantly smaller bias and higher accuracy. External validation showed that <i>R</i><sup>2</sup>, bias, and accuracy were not significantly different than those of internal validation. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> A new model was generated to quantify phosphate removal by 4-h HD and HDF with a dialyzer surface area of 1.3–1.8 m<sup>2</sup>. This modified model would contribute to the evaluation of phosphate balance and individualized therapy of hyperphosphatemia.


2018 ◽  
Vol 36 (6_suppl) ◽  
pp. 639-639 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Henner Voss ◽  
Yuan Cheng ◽  
Mahtab Marker ◽  
Fengshen Kuo ◽  
Toni K. Choueiri ◽  
...  

639 Background: The MSKCC risk model, an established prognostic tool fo r metastatic RCC, integrates clinical + laboratory data, but is ignorant to tumor genomics. Mutations in BAP1, PBRM1, TP53, cumulatively found in over 50% of pts, have prognostic value in RCC. We sought to study the use of integrating mutation status into the MSKCC model using two large clinical trial datasets. Methods: Pts had received first line sunitinib or pazopanib on the phase III COMPARZ (training set, n = 357) or the phase II RECORD3 trial (validation set, n = 130). Genes were evaluated by next generation sequencing using archival tissue. Association of mutation status and overall survival (OS) was tested by multivariate Cox regression analysis (MVA) in the training set. An annotated model was constructed combining the original clinical variables and mutation status for the 3 genes. We compared risk group assignment and concordance index (c-index) for the original vs. new model in training and validation set. Results: Mutation status for each gene: BAP1, TP53 and PBRM1 independently correlated with OS on MVA (p≤0.0035). Comparing the original (clinical only) to the annotated (clinical + genomics) model, risk categories changed in 139 pts (39%). The C-index was improved with integration of genomic information (0.595 original model - > 0.628 new model). The independent validation cohort confirmed improvement of c-index for predicting OS with integration of genomic data (c-index 0.622 original model - > 0.641 new model). Conclusions: Mutation status for BAP1, PBRM1, and TP53 has prognostic value in pts with advanced RCC. The annotated risk model alters risk status in over 1/3 of pts and improves accuracy of estimating outcomes in patients receiving first-line therapy. Clinical trial information: NCT00720941. [Table: see text]


2018 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 296-307 ◽  
Author(s):  
Job Fransen ◽  
Stephen Bush ◽  
Stephen Woodcock ◽  
Andrew Novak ◽  
Dieter Deprez ◽  
...  

Purpose:This study aimed to improve the prediction accuracy of age at peak height velocity (APHV) from anthropometric assessment using nonlinear models and a maturity ratio rather than a maturity offset.Methods:The dataset used to develop the original prediction equations was used to test a new prediction model, utilizing the maturity ratio and a polynomial prediction equation. This model was then applied to a sample of male youth academy soccer players (n = 1330) to validate the new model in youth athletes.Results:A new equation was developed to estimate APHV more accurately than the original model (new model: Akaike information criterion: −6062.1,R2 = 90.82%; original model: Akaike information criterion = 3048.7,R2 = 88.88%) within a general population of boys, particularly with relatively high/low APHVs. This study has also highlighted the successful application of the new model to estimate APHV using anthropometric variables in youth athletes, thereby supporting the use of this model in sports talent identification and development.Conclusion:This study argues that this newly developed equation should become standard practice for the estimation of maturity from anthropometric variables in boys from both a general and an athletic population.


1967 ◽  
Vol 45 (5) ◽  
pp. 1885-1899 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. G. Deo ◽  
B. Dayal

The shell model of Woods et al. has been modified to include the effect of the many-body interaction in the ionic crystals in a simple phenomenological way. This is based on the work of Lowdin, Lundqvist, and Verma and Dayal. In the new model which the authors refer to as the modified shell model, it is assumed that the volume-dependent potential is due to the interaction between the cores of the ions only. This introduces additional parameters in the model which have been derived from the elastic and dielectric properties of the crystal. The variation of the specific heat with temperature of potassium iodide has been studied by the original model of Woods et al. as well as by the new model. It is seen that the theoretical specific heats and dispersion curves given by both the models are in fair agreement with the experimental results. However, the shell model fails to account for the Cauchy discrepancy in this crystal, whereas the new model removes this difficulty.


1975 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alex Wilkie

In a recent paper [3] H. Gaifman investigated some model theoretic consequences of Matijasevič's theorem [5], and posed some further problems which naturally arise. We provide here partial answers to two of these problems, the results having been previously announced in the postscript of [3].Firstly, it is shown in [3] that if M1 and M2 are models of the Peano axioms P and M1 ⊆ M2, then M1 is closed under the recursive functions of M2. The converse of this statement is false. Moreover, Gaifman asks: Is every initial segment of a model M of P which is closed under the recursive functions of M (or the ∑n-definable functions) also a model of P? We show that this is false and our method gives, en route, another proof of a theorem of Rabin [7] stating the P is not implied by any consistent set of ∑n sentences for any n.Secondly, we partially answer a question posed on p. 129 of [3] by proving (some-what more than) every countable nonstandard model of P has an end extension in which a diophantine equation, not solvable in the original model, has a solution. We can, in fact, take the new model to be isomorphic to the original one. This generalises (apart from the countability restriction) a theorem of Rabin [6].


Author(s):  
AGUSTINA BOUCHET ◽  
JUAN IGNACIO PASTORE ◽  
RAFAEL ESPIN ANDRADE ◽  
MARCEL BRUN ◽  
VIRGINIA BALLARIN

Fuzzy Logic is a multi-valued logic model based on fuzzy set theory, which may be considered as an extension of Boolean Logic. One of the fields of this theory is the Compensatory Fuzzy Logic, based on the removal of some axioms in order to achieve a sensitive and idempotent multi-valued system. This system is based on a quadruple of continuous operators: conjunction, disjunction, order and negation. In this work we present a new model of Compensatory Fuzzy Logic based on a different set of operators, conjunction and disjunction, than the ones used in the original definition, and then prove that this new model satisfies the required axioms. As an example, we present an application to decision-making, comparing the results against the ones based on the original model.


2012 ◽  
Vol 109 (4) ◽  
pp. 695-700 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leland V. Miller ◽  
Nancy F. Krebs ◽  
K. Michael Hambidge

A previously described mathematical model of Zn absorption as a function of total daily dietary Zn and phytate was fitted to data from studies in which dietary Ca, Fe and protein were also measured. An analysis of regression residuals indicated statistically significant positive relationships between the residuals and Ca, Fe and protein, suggesting that the presence of any of these dietary components enhances Zn absorption. Based on the hypotheses that (1) Ca and Fe both promote Zn absorption by binding with phytate and thereby making it unavailable for binding Zn and (2) protein enhances the availability of Zn for transporter binding, the model was modified to incorporate these effects. The new model of Zn absorption as a function of dietary Zn, phytate, Ca, Fe and protein was then fitted to the data. The proportion of variation in absorbed Zn explained by the new model was 0·88, an increase from 0·82 with the original model. A reduced version of the model without Fe produced an equally good fit to the data and an improved value for the model selection criterion, demonstrating that when dietary Ca and protein are controlled for, there is no evidence that dietary Fe influences Zn absorption. Regression residuals and testing with additional data supported the validity of the new model. It was concluded that dietary Ca and protein modestly enhanced Zn absorption and Fe had no statistically discernable effect. Furthermore, the model provides a meaningful foundation for efforts to model nutrient interactions in mineral absorption.


IUCrJ ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (5) ◽  
pp. 309-318 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. R. Welberry ◽  
D. J. Goossens

Published diffuse X-ray scattering from the high-Tcsuperconductor HgBa2CuO4+δhas been reexamined with a view to developing a model that more satisfactorily accounts for the observed patterns. The present work agrees with the previous conclusion that the doping oxygen atoms form long and isolated interstitial chains that run in both tetragonal directions. However, a distinctly different model is proposed for the accompanying displacement patterns of the atoms surrounding these linear defects. In this new model it is proposed that it is the correlated shifts of the Ba atoms along the length of the defect chains that are the primary source of the observed scattering, and that the variations of intensity in the generated diffuse streaks of scattering originate from lateral shifts of both Hg and Ba atoms away from defects. The new model yields diffraction patterns that are in much more convincing agreement with the observations than the original model.


1985 ◽  
Vol 79 (1) ◽  
pp. 156-177 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruce Bueno de Mesquita

The expected utility framework developed in The War Trap is revised to correct several deficiencies. Risk-taking orientations are now treated as an integral part of the model by introducing concavity or convexity into the utility functions. The zero-sum properties of the theory are largely eliminated, and the tendency toward interpersonal comparisons of utility is removed. Several earlier results are replicated with the new model, and with annual capabilities data. New propositions are deduced that identify important limitations on conflict initiation, and relationships resulting from differences in perceptions are tested. Support is found for the contention that the revised version of the theory, of which the original model is a special case, is a powerful tool for integrating many extant hypotheses about conflict and for explaining a substantial portion of the tendency for some threats to escalate to violence or warfare and for others to be resolved peacefully.


Author(s):  
Marie-Odile Richard ◽  
Michel Laroche

As the internet is a new medium and a new distribution channel, it is important to understand the behavior of site visitors. This requires the development of a new model of Internet consumer behavior. The model in Figure 1-1 is an original model based on Mehrabian and Russell’s (1974)SOR paradigm (i.e., stimulus, organism, response) which is explicated in this chapter and the next three ones. In this chapter we will explain the shaded areas of Figure 1


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