scholarly journals Effect of Foundation Nonlinearity on Seismic Response of an Existing Arch Dam

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (5) ◽  
pp. 197-207
Author(s):  
Parisa Parsa Mahmoudi ◽  
Hasan Mirzabozorg ◽  
Mehdi Varmazyari ◽  
Seyyed Meisam Aghajanzadeh
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Response ◽  
Body Shape ◽  
Coupled System ◽  
The Body ◽  
Arch Dam ◽  
Reservoir Pressure ◽  
Special Design ◽  
Left Abutment ◽  
Viscous Boundary

In the present paper, the effect of foundation nonlinearity on the seismic response of an existing arch dam is investigated. Luzzone arch dam in Switzerland is selected as a case study. The foundation nonlinearity is originated from opening/slipping of joints between a potential wedge at the left abutment and remaining foundation. Reservoir's water is assumed compressible and the coupled system is solved simultaneously. Also, the foundationis assumed massed medium via viscous boundary on the far-end truncated boundary. Two cases are considered in the analyses; the system applying reservoir pressure on the foundation; the system with no reservoir pressure applied on the foundation. The results reveal that the ignoringreservoir pressure on the foundation overestimates the response of the dam body. Finally, based on the conducted analyses, considering foundation nonlinearity has no significant effect on the results in the considered case due to special design of the body shape.

scholarly journals On solitary waves forced by underwater moving objects

1999 ◽  
Vol 389 ◽  
pp. 119-135 ◽  
Author(s):  
DAOHUA ZHANG ◽  
ALLEN T. CHWANG
Keyword(s):  
Boundary Layer ◽  
Solitary Waves ◽  
Body Shape ◽  
Moving Objects ◽  
The Body ◽  
Wave Radiation ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Viscous Effect ◽  
Viscous Boundary Layer ◽  
Viscous Boundary

The phenomenon of a succession of upstream-advancing solitary waves generated by underwater disturbances moving steadily with a transcritical velocity in two- dimensional shallow water channels is investigated. The two-dimensional Navier–Stokes (NS) equations with the complete set of viscous boundary conditions are solved numerically by the finite-difference method to simulate the phenomenon. The overall features of the phenomenon illustrated by the present numerical results are unanimous with observations in nature as well as in laboratories. The relations between amplitude and celerity, and between amplitude and period of generation of solitary waves can be accurately simulated by the present numerical method, and are in good agreement with predictions of theoretical formulae. The dependence of solitary wave radiation on the blockage and on the body shape is investigated. It furnishes collateral evidence of the experimental findings that the blockage plays a key role in the generation of solitary waves. The amplitude increases while the period of generation decreases as the blockage coefficient increases. It is found that in a viscous flow the shape of an underwater object has a significant effect on the generation of solitary waves owing to the viscous effect in the boundary layer. If a change in body shape results in increasing the region of the viscous boundary layer, it enhances the viscous effect and so does the disturbance forcing; therefore the amplitudes of solitary waves increase. In addition, detailed information of the flow, such as the pressure distribution, velocity and vorticity fields, are given by the present NS solutions.

A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF SEISMIC STABILITY OF COUPLED ARCH DAM-FOUNDATION-RESERVOIR SYSTEMS USING INFINITE ELEMENTS AND VISCOUS BOUNDARY MODELS

2013 ◽  
Vol 13 (06) ◽  
pp. 1350032 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. HARIRI-ARDEBILI ◽  
H. MIRZABOZORG
Keyword(s):  
Ground Motion ◽  
Ground Motions ◽  
Coupled System ◽  
Arch Dam ◽  
Seismic Stability ◽  
Mass Concrete ◽  
Dam Foundation ◽  
Infinite Elements ◽  
Viscous Boundary ◽  
The Impact

In the present paper, a direct time domain procedure is used for dynamic structural stability analysis of the dam-reservoir-foundation coupled system in 3D space considering the impact of the ground motion duration. The foundation medium is assumed to be massed and infinite elements are used for modeling the semi-infinite medium of the foundation. The nonlinear behavior of mass concrete is modeled using the coaxial rotating smeared crack approach with the ability of cracking at Gaussian points. The reservoir is assumed to be compressible and is modeled using fluid finite elements. In order to investigate the effects of the ground motion duration on dynamic stability of the coupled system, a set of artificially-generated ground motions with different duration but the same intensities are used to analyze the system. It is found that the responses of the system with the massed foundation including either infinite elements or viscous boundary on the far-end face of the foundation are the same. Using the massless foundation leads to conservative stresses within dam body. Implementation of the infinite elements leads to decreasing crack profile of the concrete dam compared to the massless model; however higher duration ground motions lead to more damage in both models.

HIPEREMESIS GRAVIDARUM PADA IBU HAMIL DI KLINIK BIDAN SUPRIYATI SRIBIT BERBAH SLEMAN

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 51
Author(s):  
Pramukti Dian Setianingrum ◽  
Farah Irmania Tsani
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Hyperemesis Gravidarum ◽  
Unwanted Pregnancy ◽  
The Body ◽  
Nausea And Vomiting ◽  
Daily Activities ◽  
World Health ◽  
The World

Backgroud: The World Health Organization (WHO) explained that the number of Hyperemesis Gravidarum cases reached 12.5% of the total number of pregnancies in the world and the results of the Demographic Survey conducted in 2007, stated that 26% of women with live births experienced complications. The results of the observations conducted at the Midwife Supriyati Clinic found that pregnant women with hyperemesis gravidarum, with a comparison of 10 pregnant women who examined their contents there were about 4 pregnant women who complained of excessive nausea and vomiting. Objective: to determine the hyperemesis Gravidarum of pregnant mother in clinic. Methods: This study used Qualitative research methods by using a case study approach (Case Study.) Result: The description of excessive nausea of vomiting in women with Hipermemsis Gravidarum is continuous nausea and vomiting more than 10 times in one day, no appetite or vomiting when fed, the body feels weak, blood pressure decreases until the body weight decreases and interferes with daily activities days The factors that influence the occurrence of Hyperemesis Gravidarum are Hormonal, Diet, Unwanted Pregnancy, and psychology, primigravida does not affect the occurrence of Hyperemesis Gravidarum. Conclusion: Mothers who experience Hyperemesis Gravidarum feel nausea vomiting continuously more than 10 times in one day, no appetite or vomiting when fed, the body feels weak, blood pressure decreases until the weight decreases and interferes with daily activities, it is because there are several factors, namely, hormonal actors, diet, unwanted pregnancy, and psychology.

Updating long-held assumptions about fat stigma: For women, body shape plays a critical role

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaimie Krems ◽  
Steven L. Neuberg
Keyword(s):  
Body Shape ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
The Body ◽  
Theoretical Assumption ◽  
Obesity Stigma ◽  
Obese Female ◽  
Three Samples ◽  
Female Bodies ◽  
Different Parts ◽  
Fat Stigma

Heavier bodies—particularly female bodies—are stigmatized. Such fat stigma is pervasive, painful to experience, and may even facilitate weight gain, thereby perpetuating the obesity-stigma cycle. Leveraging research on functionally distinct forms of fat (deposited on different parts of the body), we propose that body shape plays an important but largely underappreciated role in fat stigma, above and beyond fat amount. Across three samples varying in participant ethnicity (White and Black Americans) and nation (U.S., India), patterns of fat stigma reveal that, as hypothesized, participants differently stigmatized equally-overweight or -obese female targets as a function of target shape, sometimes even more strongly stigmatizing targets with less rather than more body mass. Such findings suggest value in updating our understanding of fat stigma to include body shape and in querying a predominating, but often implicit, theoretical assumption that people simply view all fat as bad (and more fat as worse).

Hypothetical Role of Growth Factors to Reduce Intervertebral Disc Degeneration Significantly through Trained Biological Transformations

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristian Muresanu ◽  
Siva G. Somasundaram ◽  
Sergey V. Vissarionov ◽  
Liliya V. Gavryushova ◽  
Vladimir N. Nikolenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Factors ◽  
Blood Circulation ◽  
Seminal Fluid ◽  
Prostate Gland ◽  
The Body ◽  
Personal Experiences ◽  
Biological Transformation ◽  
The Mind

Background: From the evidence of failed injection-based growth factor therapies, it has been proposed that a naturally triggered uninterrupted blood circulation of the growth factors would be superior. Objective: We seek to stimulate discussions and more research about the possibility of using the already available growth factors found in the prostate gland and endometrium by starting a novel educable physiology, known as biological transformations controlled by the mind. Methods: We summarized the stretch-gated ion channel mechanism of the cell membrane, and offer several practical methods that can be applied by anyone, in order to stimulate and enhance the blood circulation of the growth factors from the seminal fluid to sites throughout the body. This details the practical application of our earlier published studies about biological transformations. Results: A previously reported single-patient case study has been extended, adding more from his personal experiences continually improving this novel physiological training and extending the ideas from our earlier findings in detail. Conclusion: The biological transformation findings demonstrate the need additional research to establish the benefits of these natural therapies to repair and rejuvenate tissues affected by various chronic diseases or aging processes.

Chaos in body–vortex interactions

2010 ◽  
Vol 466 (2119) ◽  
pp. 1871-1891 ◽  
Author(s):  
Johan Roenby ◽  
Hassan Aref
Keyword(s):  
Body Shape ◽  
Mass Density ◽  
Relative Equilibrium ◽  
Large Body ◽  
Point Vortex ◽  
Cylindrical Body ◽  
The Body ◽  
Body Motion ◽  
Single Vortex ◽  
Vortex Interactions

The model of body–vortex interactions, where the fluid flow is planar, ideal and unbounded, and the vortex is a point vortex, is studied. The body may have a constant circulation around it. The governing equations for the general case of a freely moving body of arbitrary shape and mass density and an arbitrary number of point vortices are presented. The case of a body and a single vortex is then investigated numerically in detail. In this paper, the body is a homogeneous, elliptical cylinder. For large body–vortex separations, the system behaves much like a vortex pair regardless of body shape. The case of a circle is integrable. As the body is made slightly elliptic, a chaotic region grows from an unstable relative equilibrium of the circle-vortex case. The case of a cylindrical body of any shape moving in fluid otherwise at rest is also integrable. A second transition to chaos arises from the limit between rocking and tumbling motion of the body known in this case. In both instances, the chaos may be detected both in the body motion and in the vortex motion. The effect of increasing body mass at a fixed body shape is to damp the chaos.

Thinking about offender social reintegration: A case study of one NGO programme in the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa

2021 ◽  
pp. 002087282096742
Author(s):  
Emmison Muleya
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Crime Prevention ◽  
The Body ◽  
Eastern Cape Province ◽  
Eastern Cape ◽  
Social Reintegration ◽  
Body Of Knowledge ◽  
Former Offenders ◽  
Offender Reintegration

Successful social reintegration is critical if we are to reduce recidivism and crime in general. This voice of people article presents a background case for why effective offender reintegration services are key in South Africa, and the Eastern Cape in particular, through an example of the Offender Reintegration programme rendered by the National Institute of Crime Prevention and Reintegration of Offenders (NICRO). Apart from the paucity of literature on offender reintegration, very few voices from people working directly with these former offenders are ever heard. Therefore, this article seeks to address this gap by contributing to the body of knowledge on offender social reintegration.

scholarly journals Sea stars generate downforce to stay attached to surfaces

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Hermes ◽  
Mitul Luhar
Keyword(s):  
Body Shape ◽  
Control Volume ◽  
Water Channel ◽  
Morphological Plasticity ◽  
The Body ◽  
Sea Star ◽  
Sea Stars ◽  
Hydrodynamic Loads ◽  
Spherical Dome ◽  
Star Models

AbstractIntertidal sea stars often function in environments with extreme hydrodynamic loads that can compromise their ability to remain attached to surfaces. While behavioral responses such as burrowing into sand or sheltering in rock crevices can help minimize hydrodynamic loads, previous work shows that sea stars also alter body shape in response to flow conditions. This morphological plasticity suggests that sea star body shape may play an important hydrodynamic role. In this study, we measured the fluid forces acting on surface-mounted sea star and spherical dome models in water channel tests. All sea star models created downforce, i.e., the fluid pushed the body towards the surface. In contrast, the spherical dome generated lift. We also used Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) to measure the midplane flow field around the models. Control volume analyses based on the PIV data show that downforce arises because the sea star bodies serve as ramps that divert fluid away from the surface. These observations are further rationalized using force predictions and flow visualizations from numerical simulations. The discovery of downforce generation could explain why sea stars are shaped as they are: the pentaradial geometry aids attachment to surfaces in the presence of high hydrodynamic loads.

scholarly journals Case study on the seismic response of a subway station combined with a flyover

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qi Wang ◽  
Ping Geng ◽  
Xiangyu Guo ◽  
Xinqiang Wang ◽  
Peisong Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Response ◽  
Subway Station

scholarly journals Insect body size changes under future warming projections: a case study of Chironomidae (Insecta: Diptera)

Hydrobiologia ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rungtip Wonglersak ◽  
Phillip B. Fenberg ◽  
Peter G. Langdon ◽  
Stephen J. Brooks ◽  
Benjamin W. Price
Keyword(s):  
Body Size ◽  
Ambient Temperature ◽  
Wing Length ◽  
The Body ◽  
Mesocosm Experiments ◽  
Future Warming ◽  
Increasing Temperature ◽  
Emergence Date ◽  
Average Body

AbstractChironomids are a useful group for investigating body size responses to warming due to their high local abundance and sensitivity to environmental change. We collected specimens of six species of chironomids every 2 weeks over a 2-year period (2017–2018) from mesocosm experiments using five ponds at ambient temperature and five ponds at 4°C higher than ambient temperature. We investigated (1) wing length responses to temperature within species and between sexes using a regression analysis, (2) interspecific body size responses to test whether the body size of species influences sensitivity to warming, and (3) the correlation between emergence date and wing length. We found a significantly shorter wing length with increasing temperature in both sexes of Procladius crassinervis and Tanytarsus nemorosus, in males of Polypedilum sordens, but no significant relationship in the other three species studied. The average body size of a species affects the magnitude of the temperature-size responses in both sexes, with larger species shrinking disproportionately more with increasing temperature. There was a significant decline in wing length with emergence date across most species studied (excluding Polypedilum nubeculosum and P. sordens), indicating that individuals emerging later in the season tend to be smaller.

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