scholarly journals The formation of symbiotic interface in root nodules of Pisum sativum L. and Medicago truncatula Gaertn

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. V. Tsyganova ◽  
E. V. Seliverstova ◽  
N. J. Brewin ◽  
V. E. Tsyganov
Keyword(s):  
Pisum Sativum ◽  
Medicago Truncatula ◽  
Root Nodules ◽  
Nodule Development ◽  
Root Cells ◽  
Pisum Sativum L ◽  
Species Specific

The infection of root cells of legumes with rhizobia involves the gradual remodelling of the plant-microbial interface. General and species-specific features of symbiotic interface remodelling during nodule development were demonstrated.

scholarly journals Synchrotron Radiation Spectroscopy and Transmission Electron Microscopy Techniques to Evaluate TiO2 NPs Incorporation, Speciation, and Impact on Root Cells Ultrastructure of Pisum sativum L. Plants

Nanomaterials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 921
Author(s):  
Simonetta Muccifora ◽  
Hiram Castillo-Michel ◽  
Francesco Barbieri ◽  
Lorenza Bellani ◽  
Monica Ruffini Castiglione ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Transmission Electron Microscopy ◽  
Synchrotron Radiation ◽  
Pisum Sativum ◽  
Emission Spectrometry ◽  
Root Cells ◽  
Tio2 Nps ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Pisum Sativum L ◽  
Transmission Electron

Biosolids (Bs) for use in agriculture are an important way for introducing and transferring TiO2 nanoparticles (NPs) to plants and food chain. Roots of Pisum sativum L. plants grown in Bs-amended soils spiked with TiO2 800 mg/kg as rutile NPs, anatase NPs, mixture of both NPs and submicron particles (SMPs) were investigated by Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), synchrotron radiation based micro X-ray Fluorescence and micro X-ray Absorption Near-Edge Structure (µXRF/µXANES) and Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectrometry (ICP-OES). TEM analysis showed damages in cells ultrastructure of all treated samples, although a more evident effect was observed with single anatase or rutile NPs treatments. Micro-XRF and TEM evidenced the presence of nano and SMPs mainly in the cortex cells near the rhizodermis. Micro-XRF/micro-XANES analysis revealed anatase, rutile, and ilmenite as the main TiO2 polymorphs in the original soil and Bs, and the preferential anatase uptake by the roots. For all treatments Ti concentration in the roots increased by 38–56%, however plants translocation factor (TF) increased mostly with NPs treatment (261–315%) and less with SMPs (about 85%), with respect to control. In addition, all samples showed a limited transfer of TiO2 to the shoots (very low TF value). These findings evidenced a potential toxicity of TiO2 NPs present in Bs and accumulating in soil, suggesting the necessity of appropriate regulations for the occurrence of NPs in Bs used in agriculture.

scholarly journals Identification of Pisum sativum L. cytokinin and auxin metabolic and signaling genes, and an analysis of their role in symbiotic nodule development

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 22-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. A. Dolgikh ◽  
A. I. Shaposhnikov ◽  
A. V. Dolgikh ◽  
E. S. Gribchenko ◽  
K. B. Bodyagina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pisum Sativum ◽  
Nodule Development ◽  
Pisum Sativum L ◽  
Symbiotic Nodule

scholarly journals The Endosymbiosis-Induced Genes ENOD40 and CCS52a Are Involved in Endoparasitic-Nematode Interactions in Medicago truncatula

2002 ◽  
Vol 15 (10) ◽  
pp. 1008-1013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruno Favery ◽  
Arnaud Complainville ◽  
Jose Maria Vinardell ◽  
Philippe Lecomte ◽  
Daniàle Vaubert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Host Plant ◽  
Medicago Truncatula ◽  
Root Nodules ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Cyclin D3 ◽  
Nodule Development ◽  
Cell Cycle Gene ◽  
Root Knot Nematode ◽  
Regulatory Pathways ◽  
Wide Range

Plants associate with a wide range of mutualistic and parasitic biotrophic organisms. Here, we investigated whether beneficial plant symbionts and biotrophic pathogens induce distinct or overlapping regulatory pathways in Medicago truncatula. The symbiosis between Sinorhizobium meliloti and this plant results in the formation of nitrogen-fixing root nodules requiring the activation of specific genes in the host plant. We studied expression patterns of nodule-expressed genes after infection with the root-knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita. Two regulators induced during nodule organogenesis, the early nodulin gene ENOD40 involved in primordium formation and the cell cycle gene CCS52a required for cell differentiation and en-doreduplication, are expressed in galls of the host plant. Expression analysis of promoter-uidA fusions indicates an accumulation of CCS52a transcripts in giant cells undergoing endoreduplication, while ENOD40 expression is localized in surrounding cell layers. Transgenic plants overexpressing ENOD40 show a significantly higher number of galls. In addition, out of the 192 nodule-expressed genes tested, 38 genes were upregulated in nodules at least threefold compared with control roots, but only two genes, nodulin 26 and cyclin D3, were found to be induced in galls. Taken together, these results suggest that certain events, such as endoreduplication, cell-to-cell communication with vascular tissues, or water transport, might be common between giant cell formation and nodule development.

scholarly journals A Novel Nuclear Protein Interacts With the Symbiotic DMI3 Calcium- and Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase of Medicago truncatula

2007 ◽  
Vol 20 (8) ◽  
pp. 912-921 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elsa Messinese ◽  
Jeong-Hwan Mun ◽  
Li Huey Yeun ◽  
Dhileepkumar Jayaraman ◽  
Pierre Rougé ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medicago Truncatula ◽  
Fluorescent Protein ◽  
Higher Plants ◽  
Root Nodules ◽  
Yellow Fluorescent Protein ◽  
Coiled Coil ◽  
Am Fungi ◽  
Homologous Proteins ◽  
Root Cells ◽  
Am Symbiosis

Many higher plants establish symbiotic relationships with arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi that improve their ability to acquire nutrients from the soil. In addition to establishing AM symbiosis, legumes also enter into a nitrogen-fixing symbiosis with bacteria known as rhizobia that results in the formation of root nodules. Several genes involved in the perception and transduction of bacterial symbiotic signals named “Nod factors” have been cloned recently in model legumes through forward genetic approaches. Among them, DMI3(Doesn't Make Infections 3) is a calcium- and calmodulin-dependent kinase required for the establishment of both nodulation and AM symbiosis. We have identified, by a yeast two-hybrid system, a novel protein interacting with DMI3 named IPD3 (Interacting Protein of DMI3). IPD3 is predicted to interact with DMI3 through a C-terminal coiled-coil domain. Chimeric IPD3∷GFP is localized to the nucleus of transformed Medicago truncatula root cells, in which split yellow fluorescent protein assays suggest that IPD3 and DMI3 physically interact in Nicotiana benthamiana. Like DMI3, IPD3 is extremely well conserved among the angiosperms and is absent from Arabidopsis. Despite this high level of conservation, none of the homologous proteins have a demonstrated biological or biochemical function. This work provides the first evidence of the involvement of IPD3 in a nuclear interaction with DMI3.

scholarly journals Regulation of the Later Stages of Nodulation Stimulated by IPD3/CYCLOPS Transcription Factor and Cytokinin in Pea Pisum sativum L.

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 56
Author(s):  
Elizaveta S. Rudaya ◽  
Polina Yu. Kozyulina ◽  
Olga A. Pavlova ◽  
Alexandra V. Dolgikh ◽  
Alexandra N. Ivanova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transcription Factor ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Pisum Sativum ◽  
Nodule Development ◽  
Rna Seq ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Development Stages ◽  
Pisum Sativum L ◽  
Pea Mutant

The IPD3/CYCLOPS transcription factor was shown to be involved in the regulation of nodule primordia development and subsequent stages of nodule differentiation. In contrast to early stages, the stages related to nodule differentiation remain less studied. Recently, we have shown that the accumulation of cytokinin at later stages may significantly impact nodule development. This conclusion was based on a comparative analysis of cytokinin localization between pea wild type and ipd3/cyclops mutants. However, the role of cytokinin at these later stages of nodulation is still far from understood. To determine a set of genes involved in the regulation of later stages of nodule development connected with infection progress, intracellular accommodation, as well as plant tissue and bacteroid differentiation, the RNA-seq analysis of pea mutant SGEFix--2 (sym33) nodules impaired in these processes compared to wild type SGE nodules was performed. To verify cytokinin’s influence on late nodule development stages, the comparative RNA-seq analysis of SGEFix--2 (sym33) mutant plants treated with cytokinin was also conducted. Findings suggest a significant role of cytokinin in the regulation of later stages of nodule development.

scholarly journals Identification of Cytokinins of Root Nodules of the Garden Pea, Pisum sativum L.

1976 ◽  
Vol 57 (4) ◽  
pp. 602-606 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kunihiko Syõno ◽  
John G. Torrey
Keyword(s):  
Pisum Sativum ◽  
Root Nodules ◽  
Garden Pea ◽  
Pisum Sativum L

Pisum sativum cultivar effects on hydrogen metabolism in Rhizobium

1984 ◽  
Vol 62 (8) ◽  
pp. 1682-1686 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eulogio J. Bedmar ◽  
Donald A. Phillips
Keyword(s):  
Pisum Sativum ◽  
Relative Efficiency ◽  
Rhizobium Leguminosarum ◽  
Root Nodules ◽  
Developmental Differences ◽  
The Other ◽  
Hydrogenase Activity ◽  
Uptake Hydrogenase ◽  
Hydrogen Metabolism ◽  
Pisum Sativum L

Data from 14 Pisum sativum L. cultivars establish that three pea genotypes, which were previously reported to affect net H2 evolution from root nodules in air and uptake hydrogenase activity of Rhizobium leguminosarum 128C53, are not unique. Two pea lines, 'JI1205' and 'Green Arrow,' produced very active uptake hydrogenase activity in strain 128C53, and essentially no H2 was evolved in air from root nodules capable of reducing 20 μmol C2H2 ∙ plan−1 ∙ h−1. Five other cultivars produced significantly lower uptake hydrogenase activities in the same bacterial strain and had much higher rates of net H2 evolution with similar C2H2-reduction capabilities. Parallel experiments with the same cultivars nodulated by R. leguminosarum 300, an organism with no convincing uptake hydrogenase activity in any pea line, showed that 'JI1205' and 'Green Arrow' had a significantly lower relative efficiency (RE) of N2 fixation (1 − (H2 evolved in air/C2H2 reduced)) than the other five cultivars. Developmental differences among the pea lines prevented any conclusion about the advantages or disadvantages of uptake hydrogenase activity for plant growth, but in general, cultivars with high uptake hydrogenase activity and low net H2 evolution grew more slowly than those evolving large amounts of H2.

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