scholarly journals Response of plants and nitrogen-fixing symbiosis to the toxicity of cadmium and mercury using the pea mutant SGECdt

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. A. Belimov ◽  
A. I. Shaposhnikov ◽  
D. S. Syrova ◽  
P. V. Guro ◽  
O. S. Yuzikhin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Elemental Composition ◽  
Root Exudation ◽  
Combined Effect ◽  
Nitrogen Fixing ◽  
Tolerance Mechanisms ◽  
Pea Mutant

The combined effect of Hg and Cd on the growth, elemental composition, root exudation and interactions with rhizobia of pea SGE and its mutant SGECdt was studied in hydroponics and sand. The tolerance mechanisms of legume-rhizobia symbiosis to heavy metals are discussed.

scholarly journals The effect of microorganisms and heavy metals on the exudation of low molecular weight organic compounds by plant roots

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. A. Belimov ◽  
◽  
A. I. Shaposhnikov ◽  
D. S. Syrova ◽  
T. S. Azarova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Organic Acids ◽  
Root Exudation ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Variovorax Paradoxus ◽  
Combined Action ◽  
Growth Promoting ◽  
Pea Mutant ◽  
Microbial Systems ◽  
Organic Acids And Sugars

The aim of our research was to study the effect of growth-promoting rhizobacteria (Pseudomonas oryzihabitans and Variovorax paradoxus) and toxic elements (Al, Cd and Hg) on the root exudation in various pea (Pisum sativum L.) genotypes. For this, methods of periodic cultures, gnotobiotic plant-microbial systems, ICPE and UPLC were used. It was established that rhizobacteria actively utilized organic acids and sugars secreted by the roots and contributed to an increase in pH and Al immobilization in the rhizosphere. Cadmium increased the exudation of many substances of pea line SGE, but this effect was more pronounced in the mutant SGECdt. Stimulation of the exudation of amino acids was detected during Hg treatment to a greater extent in wild-type SGE. The combined action of Cd and Hg did not lead to a further increase in exudation. The results obtained indicate various mechanisms of exudation of the studied fractions, while the most pronounced differences are observed between the fractions of amino acids or sugars with organic acids. Exudation of organic acids plays an important role in the decreased stability and accumulation of Hg by the pea mutant SGECdt.

scholarly journals DIFFERENT MODERN TECHNIQUES USED IN CHURNA KALPANA: A REVIEW

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 140-142
Author(s):  
Jagadeesh G Mitti
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Chemical Analysis ◽  
Microbial Contamination ◽  
Dosage Forms ◽  
Size Reduction ◽  
Combined Effect ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Modern Methods ◽  
Mixing Techniques

To prepare any formulation in bulk quantity it needs a machine. The machines which manufacture the formulations in a bulk quantity will work on the basis of modern techniques. These techniques can be adopted to prepare different dosage forms through their method of preparations. Churna is also one among the different dosage forms which is having versatile usage and need to be prepared in bulk quantity. To achieve this, different modern methods like size reduction, size separation and mixing of powders and techniques viz. cutting, compression, impact, attrition and combined effect of impact and attrition are adopted, along with this sieving and mixing techniques are also adopted. To assure the quality of churna kalpana physico chemical analysis should be done like fineness of Particles, Presence of Heavy Metals, Test for microbial contamination etc.

scholarly journals Assessment of the combined effect of heavy metals and polyaromatic hydrocarbons on the cultural plants

2020 ◽  
Vol 175 ◽  
pp. 07006
Author(s):  
Saglara Mandzhieva ◽  
Anatiliy Barakhov ◽  
Tatiana Minkina ◽  
Victor Chaplygin ◽  
Svetlana Sushkova
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Polyaromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Spring Barley ◽  
Combined Effect ◽  
Agricultural Activities ◽  
Combined Pollution ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Combined Contamination

The environmental contamination by heavy metals (HM) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) is often due to exposure to complex sources of industrial and agricultural activities. The aim of the work is to evaluate the combined effect of CuO and benzo(a)pyrene (BaP) on the state of spring barley plants. It was established that the soil combined pollution by CuO and BaP has a negative effect on all morphobiometric parameters of barley. The most sensitive indicators of combined contamination are the length of the roots, the mass of 1000 grains and the yield of barley.

ASSESSMENT OF THE COMBINED EFFECT OF HEAVY METALS AND POLYAROMATIC HYDROCARBONS ON THE CULTURAL PLANTS

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.S. Mandzhieva ◽  
◽  
A.V. Barakhov ◽  
T.M. Minkina ◽  
V.A. Chaplygin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Polyaromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Spring Barley ◽  
Combined Effect ◽  
Agricultural Activities ◽  
Combined Pollution ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Combined Contamination

The environmental contamination by heavy metals (HM) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) is often due to exposure to complex sources of industrial and agricultural activities. The aim of the work is to evaluate the combined effect of CuO and benzo(a)pyrene (BaP) on the state of spring barley plants. It was established that the soil combined pollution by CuO and BaP has a negative effect on all morphobiometric parameters of barley. The most sensitive indicators of combined contamination are the length of the roots, the mass of 1000 grains and the yield of barley.

scholarly journals Accumulation and Combined Effect of Salinity and Heavy Metals on Growth, Yield and Uptake of Green Pea Grown in Piped Hydroponics

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (6) ◽  
pp. 110-116
Author(s):  
M. N. Haddad ◽  
M. A. Al-Jada
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Nutrient Deficiency ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Feed Solution ◽  
Combined Effect ◽  
Level Lines ◽  
Growth System ◽  
Salinity Levels ◽  
Green Pea ◽  
Physical And Chemical

This research is to study the accumulation and combined effect of three salinity levels (750, 1500 and 3750 ppm) and of heavy metals (3.26, 3.2, 2 ppm, 2, and 0.2 of Zn, Cu, Fe, Mn, and Mo, respectively) on growth, yield, and uptake of green pea plants grown in piped hydroponic. Due to freshwater shortages, the use of hydroponic growth system was encouraged and used. The experiment consists of planting green peas from seeds into a 6” PVC piped system. After 2.5 months of growing, the experiment was stopped and plants parts were separated and divided into pods, leaves, stems, and roots, Then, physical, and chemical measurements conducted on them. Results indicated that (1) Salt concentration above 1500 mg/l was detrimental on the growth of green pea, (2) the best growth, yield, and biomass weight were observed at salinity of 750 mg/l, (3) heavy metals had positive effect on stems and roots of plants, but declined effect plant growth in general, (4) lines with nutrient deficiency were deficient in growth too, (5) sodium increased in plant’s organs in response to increased salinity in the feed solution, (6) the largest concentration of copper and zinc were found at the roots of the highest salinity level lines (36.05 and 211.58 mg/kg dry plant, respectively), (7) the hydroponic system proved to be efficient and economical and therefore, it is recommended for use for Palestinian farmers, and (8) results obtained in this study agree with previously published research with extent differences.

scholarly journals Response of soil microflora to impact of heavy metals in zones of influence of railway transport

2016 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 151-156
Author(s):  
N. Bobryk ◽  
M. Kryvtsova ◽  
V. Nikolajchuk ◽  
I. Voloshchuk
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Enteric Bacteria ◽  
Fast Response ◽  
Soil Microflora ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Railway Track ◽  
Trophic Groups ◽  
Nitrogen Fixing ◽  
Railway Transport ◽  
Microbial Cenoses

Monitoring research on the areas intensively and continuously affected by technogenic loading has remained topical until nowadays. The soil as a basic component of many ecosystems, including the structure of its microbial cenoses, remains an informative index of a system’s overall stability. The areas affected by railway transport have been scarcely studied. Due to the above, the aim of this work has been to establish the transformation regularities of soil microbial cenoses of territories close to railways and to establish the groups of microorganisms that are a sensitive criterion of technogenic vehicular influence. For the purpose of microbiological research, soil samples were taken at different distances from the railway track (0, 25, 50, 100 and250 m) within five monitoring sections of the Tchop – Uzhhorod – Sambor railway (in the territory of Zakarpatska oblast). The number of ecological trophic groups was identified by means of inoculation on nutrient media using the method of serial dilution of soil suspensions. The research showed that in all types of soils that were adjacent to railway tracks, the number of ammonifiers and spore microbiota was high due to the high content of heavy metals (beyond the background levels). Besides, the bacterial microflora on beef-extract agar was characterized by homogeneity with domination of enteric bacteria and spore bacteria. Simultaneously, the numbers of nitrogen-fixing microorganisms, micromycetes, oligonitrophils, amylolytic and pedotrophic microflorae were shown to be low compared to the control. Farther from the railway track, pigmental species of bacteria appeared in the soil samples, attesting to the activity of self-purification processes. Correlation analysis of the data showed that the soil microbiota of the railway-side areas was undergoing changes as affected by heightened contents of heavy metals. Existence of medium and close connections was established between the number of microorganisms of ecological trophic groups and the content of acid-soluble lead forms at the levels of 0.72–1.72 maximum permissible concentrations. It was the nitrogen-fixing microorganisms and microscopic fungi that showed a fast response to heavy metals, which was an indication of their possible use as indicators of the ecological state of technogenically transformed soils. 

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document