scholarly journals The Relationship between Social Presence and Critical Thinking: Results from Learner Discourse in an Asynchronous Learning Environment

10.28945/3418 ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
pp. 089-108 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jamie Costley ◽  
Christopher Lange
Keyword(s):  
Critical Thinking ◽  
Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Social Presence ◽  
Negative Correlation ◽  
Asynchronous Learning ◽  
Asynchronous Learning Environment ◽  
National University ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Gaining Insight

Understanding the relationship between social presence and critical thinking is useful for gaining insight into the interaction and discourse of learners online. Further study of how these two presences interact is important because research has shown a wide variety of relationships, both positive and negative, between social presence and critical thinking. The aim of this study is to investigate social presence and critical thinking using discourse analysis in the hope that it will deepen and broaden our understanding of the relationship between these important facets of learner discourse. Using quantitative analysis, an online forum used by students at a national university in Korea (n=219) was analyzed by taking 900 forum posts to determine the levels of social presence and critical thinking in each post. The relationships between social presence and critical thinking were analyzed and the results show that social presence and critical thinking have a negative correlation. This highlights the need for awareness of learner discourse, as an increase in social presence may lead to a decrease in critical thinking and vice versa. The likely cause of this is that learners tend not to change the discourse once the discourse within a particular context has been set.

Pregnantie Van Context en Effect Ervan op Het Raden, Leren en Onthouden Van Vreemdtalige Woorden

1989 ◽  
Vol 34 ◽  
pp. 32-41
Author(s):  
Jan-Arjen Mondria
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Language ◽  
Negative Correlation ◽  
Classroom Setting ◽  
Word Form ◽  
Sentential Context ◽  
Learning Stage ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
And Function ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Insight Into

This paper reports research into the acquisition of vocabulary in a foreign language, more specifically into the supposition that 'guessing' (i.e. inferring the meaning of an unknown word from context and word-form) contributes substantially to retention. Although much is to be said for the latter, the empirical underpinning of this supposition has so far been slight and various questions have remained. In order to gain a better insight into these we have carried out an experiment in a classroom setting, focussing on the following questions: 1.Which factors of context influence the guessability of words? 2.What is the influence of these factors on receptive retention (after guessing and learning)? 3.What is the relationship between guessing and retention? (Are words which have been correctly guessed better retained than words which have not been correctly guessed?) The chief findings of the experiment are: l.A specific ('pregnant') filler of the slots 'subject', 'verb' and 'function' contributes to the guessability of a word in a particular sentential context. 2. A specific ('pregnant') filler of the slots mentioned in guessing and learning has no effect on the retention ('subject' and 'verb') or even a negative effect ('function'). 3.There is no positive correlation between guessing and retention (after guessing and learning; for some words there is even a negative correlation. To sum up: a 'pregnant' context does indeed induce better guessing, but subsequently it does not induce a better retention of the meaning involved, at least not if the guessing stage is followed by a learning stage using the same context as in guessing.

scholarly journals Mapping Memory: Myth, History, and Liminality in Harlem and the Bronx

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
David Laidler
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Hip Hop ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Historical Narratives ◽  
Jazz Age ◽  
Problematic Relationship ◽  
History And Myth ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Gaining Insight

<p>The relationship between notions of ‘history’ and ‘myth’ is a familiar dilemma within the field of historiography. As this thesis will seek to demonstrate, myth – defined here as evaluative representations of the past to suit demands of the present – is virtually indistinguishable from history, insofar as both are constructed from the same raw materials: subjective remembrances. Through an examination of mythical representations of physical places, this thesis will present a model to explain how myth is constructed, thereby emphasising the intimate and problematic relationship between the aforementioned categories.    In short, myth making occurs when memories travel through liminal space from one individual to the next, with said liminal points allowing for degradation and transmutation. The further along one is in the chain, the more one is dependent on myth. Through electing to focus on two such locales that have been of particular interest to me – Harlem during the jazz age and The Bronx during the origins of hip hop – I was able to adopt an auto-ethnographic perspective, gaining insight into the extent to which my understanding was dependent on a series of compounding representations. Further, these areas also draw attention to how such representation can broaden or localise, depending on the myth and the purpose of its invocation. In different contexts and different historical narratives, different areas within New York City have been subjected to the same process, which can account for the pervasive idea of ‘New York’ that continues to circulate.</p>

Nanomechanical sensors for direct and rapid characterization of sperm motility based on nanoscale vibrations

Nanoscale ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (46) ◽  
pp. 18258-18267 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shangquan Wu ◽  
Zhiguo Zhang ◽  
Xiarong Zhou ◽  
Hong Liu ◽  
Changguo Xue ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sperm Motility ◽  
Sperm Viability ◽  
Rapid Characterization ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Gaining Insight ◽  
Nanomechanical Sensors

A nanomechanical biosensor was developed for gaining insight into the relationship between the sperm viability and nanomechanical fluctuation.

An Online Resource to Foster Cognitive Presence

2013 ◽  
pp. 168-196
Author(s):  
Douglas Archibald
Keyword(s):  
Critical Thinking ◽  
Educational Research ◽  
Social Presence ◽  
The Body ◽  
Cognitive Presence ◽  
Discussion Forums ◽  
Online Discussion Forums ◽  
Online Resource ◽  
Online Environments ◽  
Insight Into

This chapter extends the body of research surrounding the Community of Inquiry (CoI) framework and the literature on developing critical thinking in online environments. The findings from a recent multiple site study are discussed. The purpose of the study was to explore the extent to which teaching and social presence and other factors contributed to the development of cognitive presence. The project involved 189 participants in two higher education institutions, enrolled in 10 research methods and educational research courses. The participants used an innovative online resource and participated in online discussion forums to assist them in learning about educational research and developing research proposals. By exploring how participants used this resource, the researcher was able to gain insight into what strategies contributed to improving cognitive presence. Future directions for critical thinking in online environments and strategies for cognitive presence development are discussed.

scholarly journals CRITICAL AND CREATIVE THINKING OF TEACHER TRAINEES

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (9) ◽  
pp. 148-155
Author(s):  
Tomšik R. ◽  
Gatial V. ◽  
Verešová M. ◽  
Čičová A.
Keyword(s):  
Critical Thinking ◽  
Creative Thinking ◽  
Natural Sciences ◽  
Single Subject ◽  
Teacher Trainees ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Theoretical Insight ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Critical And Creative Thinking

The paper offers an initial theoretical insight into critical and creative thinking constructs (tools), as well as it provides the theoretical and empirical evidence of the relationship between mentioned variables and their level in specific populations. The main objective is to verify differences in critical and creative thinking of teacher trainees within the region schools, considering their fields of study. Critical thinking has been mapped by W-GSTA questionnaire and for creative thinking has been applied Test for Creative Thinking - Drawing Production (TCT-DP). The sample consisted of 317 teacher trainees studying single-subject study programmes (humanities or natural sciences) or two-subject study in combination. Statistical analyses have revealed the significant difference in the rate of critical and creative thinking. Particularly, teacher trainees of two-subject study in combination have achieved significantly higher results in a critical thinking in comparison with teacher trainees studying humanities. On the other hand, teacher trainees of natural sciences have achieved higher results in a creative thinking in comparison with students of humanities.

scholarly journals Relationship between the leadership style and organizational performance in Hungary

2021 ◽  
Vol 190 (5-6(2)) ◽  
pp. 128-135
Author(s):  
Peter Karacsony ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Organizational Performance ◽  
Organizational Effectiveness ◽  
Leadership Style ◽  
Effective Leadership ◽  
Economic Environment ◽  
The Face ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Insight Into

Effective leadership is one of the most essential tools for an organization to sustain its business in the face of problems caused by the global economic environment. Successful managers can influence their employees and motivate them for strengthening organizational performance. The effective leadership style as a unique way of integrating employees with the organization to achieve its vision or goals. The current study provides a deeper insight into the factors of effective leadership style of organizations. The research paper is seeking to examine the relationship of leadership style and organizational performance by quantitative analysis of 376 participants in Hungary. The results showed a correlation between the dimensions of leadership style and organizational performance. It was also found that leadership style predicted organizational performance, which meant a 29% variance in performance. The findings of this study may assist current and future managers who are seeking to improve organizational effectiveness.

scholarly journals Mapping Memory: Myth, History, and Liminality in Harlem and the Bronx

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
David Laidler
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Hip Hop ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Historical Narratives ◽  
Jazz Age ◽  
Problematic Relationship ◽  
History And Myth ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Gaining Insight

<p>The relationship between notions of ‘history’ and ‘myth’ is a familiar dilemma within the field of historiography. As this thesis will seek to demonstrate, myth – defined here as evaluative representations of the past to suit demands of the present – is virtually indistinguishable from history, insofar as both are constructed from the same raw materials: subjective remembrances. Through an examination of mythical representations of physical places, this thesis will present a model to explain how myth is constructed, thereby emphasising the intimate and problematic relationship between the aforementioned categories.    In short, myth making occurs when memories travel through liminal space from one individual to the next, with said liminal points allowing for degradation and transmutation. The further along one is in the chain, the more one is dependent on myth. Through electing to focus on two such locales that have been of particular interest to me – Harlem during the jazz age and The Bronx during the origins of hip hop – I was able to adopt an auto-ethnographic perspective, gaining insight into the extent to which my understanding was dependent on a series of compounding representations. Further, these areas also draw attention to how such representation can broaden or localise, depending on the myth and the purpose of its invocation. In different contexts and different historical narratives, different areas within New York City have been subjected to the same process, which can account for the pervasive idea of ‘New York’ that continues to circulate.</p>

Skeletal elements of crinoid echinoderms: High-resolution structural and microanalytical results

1983 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. 194-195
Author(s):  
D. F. Blake ◽  
L. F. Allard ◽  
D. R. Peacor
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Marine Invertebrates ◽  
Sea Urchins ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Sea Stars ◽  
High Resolution Tem ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Insight Into

Echinodermata is a phylum of marine invertebrates which has been extant since Cambrian time (c.a. 500 m.y. before the present). Modern examples of echinoderms include sea urchins, sea stars, and sea lilies (crinoids). The endoskeletons of echinoderms are composed of plates or ossicles (Fig. 1) which are with few exceptions, porous, single crystals of high-magnesian calcite. Despite their single crystal nature, fracture surfaces do not exhibit the near-perfect {10.4} cleavage characteristic of inorganic calcite. This paradoxical mix of biogenic and inorganic features has prompted much recent work on echinoderm skeletal crystallography. Furthermore, fossil echinoderm hard parts comprise a volumetrically significant portion of some marine limestones sequences. The ultrastructural and microchemical characterization of modern skeletal material should lend insight into: 1). The nature of the biogenic processes involved, for example, the relationship of Mg heterogeneity to morphological and structural features in modern echinoderm material, and 2). The nature of the diagenetic changes undergone by their ancient, fossilized counterparts. In this study, high resolution TEM (HRTEM), high voltage TEM (HVTEM), and STEM microanalysis are used to characterize tha ultrastructural and microchemical composition of skeletal elements of the modern crinoid Neocrinus blakei.

Quantitative Analysis Of X-Ray Images From Geological Materials

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 244-245
Author(s):  
J. M. Paque ◽  
R. Browning ◽  
P. L. King ◽  
P. Pianetta
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Bulk Composition ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Analytical Description ◽  
Bulk Sample ◽  
Geological Samples ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Software And Hardware ◽  
And Storage ◽  
Insight Into

Geological samples typically contain many minerals (phases) with multiple element compositions. A complete analytical description should give the number of phases present, the volume occupied by each phase in the bulk sample, the average and range of composition of each phase, and the bulk composition of the sample. A practical approach to providing such a complete description is from quantitative analysis of multi-elemental x-ray images.With the advances in recent years in the speed and storage capabilities of laboratory computers, large quantities of data can be efficiently manipulated. Commercial software and hardware presently available allow simultaneous collection of multiple x-ray images from a sample (up to 16 for the Kevex Delta system). Thus, high resolution x-ray images of the majority of the detectable elements in a sample can be collected. The use of statistical techniques, including principal component analysis (PCA), can provide insight into mineral phase composition and the distribution of minerals within a sample.

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