scholarly journals Small intestinal herniation through the broad ligament in a mare outside of the gestation period – a case report

2018 ◽  
Vol 87 (4) ◽  
pp. 331-337
Author(s):  
Cristian Crecan ◽  
Iancu Morar ◽  
Mircea V. Mircean ◽  
Daniela Oros ◽  
Alexandra Muresan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Post Partum ◽  
Abdominal Cavity ◽  
Broad Ligament ◽  
Abdominal Ultrasound ◽  
Uterine Horn ◽  
Presumptive Diagnosis ◽  
Ultrasound Evaluation ◽  
Persistent Abdominal Pain ◽  
One Year ◽  
The Right

A Furioso-North Star mare, aged 8 years, was examined for colic signs. The mare had a history of dystocia and post partum vaginal lacerations, acute endometritis and laminitis approximately one year before the admission for colic. Signs of persistent abdominal pain, moderate distended abdomen, non-passage of manure, fever, tachycardia, tachypnoea, congested mucus membranes, and “toxic line” were recorded. No intestinal borborygmi were present in the four quarters of the abdomen. On rectal examination, the colon, the ventral band of the caecum, the right ovary and the uterine horn were palpated on the right side of the abdomen. The spleen, the nephrosplenic ligament, the left ovary and a firm, distended and painful small intestine (SI) loop were palpated on the left side. The left uterine horn and the adjacent broad ligament were not detectable. Percutaneous abdominal ultrasound evaluation revealed a large amount of fluid in the abdominal cavity, SI distention and absence of peristalsis. Abdominocentesis yielded approximately 20 ml of red-tinged peritoneal fluid with increased mean protein concentration (5.2 mg/dl), white blood cell count (12,550 cells/μl), and lactate (14 mmol/dl). A presumptive diagnosis of SI strangulation was made. Surgical resection of the affected intestinal loops was recommended. Due to poor prognosis and financial limitations, the mare was euthanized. Post mortem macroscopic diagnosis was a herniation of 3 metres of the mid-jejunum through the left mesometrium, resulting in a complete and complicated strangulation. To prevent this type of SI strangulation, we recommend transrectal palpation of the urogenital tract (including the broad ligament) after foaling. If a defect is identified, we recommend flank laparoscopy for correction.

scholarly journals Uterus unicornis and pregnancy in two feline littermates

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 205511691774361
Author(s):  
Wilson C Brookshire ◽  
Jacob Shivley ◽  
Kimberly Woodruff ◽  
Jim Cooley
Keyword(s):  
Renal Agenesis ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Abdominal Ultrasound ◽  
Female Offspring ◽  
Uterine Horn ◽  
Normal Limits ◽  
Histopathologic Diagnosis ◽  
Underlying Causes ◽  
The Right

Case series summary A queen, tom and four 1-year-old female offspring presented for routine neuter. Two of the littermates (cats 1 and 2) were diagnosed with a uterine abnormality during surgery. The left uterine horn of both cats appeared as a thin, solid, cord-like structure, whereas the right uterine horn of both cats appeared to have intermittent bulges consistent with pregnancy. The two other littermates, queen and tom were reproductively normal. The uteruses of the affected cats were nearly identical with a gross and histopathologic diagnosis of uterus unicornis with concurrent pregnancy. Ovaries were present, bilaterally. An oviduct was present only on the single normally developed and pregnant uterine horn in both cats. At a postoperative follow-up evaluation, abdominal ultrasound was performed on the two cats with uterine abnormalities. Cat 1 was ultrasonographically within normal limits. Cat 2 was diagnosed with ipsilateral renal agenesis on the same side as the absent uterine horn. Relevance and novel information The complexity of uterus unicornis and renal aplasia is demonstrated by this unique presentation of five related cats for ovariohysterectomy. This report raises questions regarding the genetic, environmental, hormonal or other underlying causes of this anatomic abnormality in cats that may spur additional research. This is the first publication describing uterus unicornis in gravid feline littermates, with one of the cats having ipsilateral renal agenesis. This is also the first publication to describe oviduct agenesis on the affected uterine horn in feline uterus unicornis.

scholarly journals Influence of suture diameter on microsurgical ureterorrhaphy in rabbits: an experimental study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tainara Micaele Bezerra Peixoto ◽  
Jussara Peters Scheffer ◽  
Luciana De Macêdo Mello ◽  
Rodiney Pinheiro Denevitz ◽  
Márcia Rezende Faes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Abdominal Cavity ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Ultrasound Evaluation ◽  
Kidney Length ◽  
Renal Changes ◽  
Ultrasound Assessment ◽  
Acute Increase ◽  
The Right ◽  
Renal Length ◽  
Made In

Abstract Background Ureteral obstruction is a common indication for surgical intervention, due to the small size of the ureter, specialized instrumentation is required such as operating microscope for intraoperative magnification and microsutures. The aim of this study is to evaluate and compare 3 sizes of nylon 6 − 0,8 − 0,10 − 0 for ureterorrhaphy in the ureter of rabbits, using microsurgical technique. Results A total of fifteen male, adults, New Zealand rabbits were divided in three groups: all groups were submitted ureterotomy. A 2 mm longitudinal incision was made in the medial portion of the right ureter, followed by a partial perforating simple interrupted 6 − 0, 8 − 0 and 10 − 0 sutures in each group. During the experiment ultrasound evaluations were performed to assess the kidney length and width, the presence of ureteral calculi, the renal pelvic dilation, the ureter diameter and the presence of free liquid in the abdominal cavity. At the end of the experiment all kidneys and ureters were submitted to macroscopic and histopathological evaluations. In the first ultrasound assessment, all groups had an acute increase in renal length (p < 0.048). The group with 8 − 0 suture showed a difference in ureteral diameter on the 5th day (p < 0.01) and all groups showed a reduction in diameter on the 30th day. The group with 6 − 0 suture showed a high mortality rate during the experimental period and the histopathological evaluation exhibited areas of necrosis. According to the ultrasound evaluation caliber 10 − 0 achieved better results in, macroscopic and microscopic evaluations. The finer suture diameters had better outcomes according to the ureteral inflammation scores. Conclusions The use of 10 − 0 suture resulted in lower rates of ureteral inflammation, renal changes and postoperative complications when compared to two other sizes of the same material.

scholarly journals TO THE QUESTION OF THE OPERATION "HYSTEROPEXIA ABDOMINALIS ANTERIOR"

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 445-451
Author(s):  
S. V. Ter-Mikaelyants
Keyword(s):  
Abdominal Wall ◽  
Ovarian Cyst ◽  
Anterior Abdominal Wall ◽  
Abdominal Cavity ◽  
Broad Ligament ◽  
The Other ◽  
Abdominal Wound ◽  
The Right ◽  
Methods Of Treatment

Hysteropexia abdominalis anterior - suturing of the uterus to the anterior abdominal wall is a relatively new operation. Although it was first adopted by Koeberl) back in 1869, it was forgotten until the 80s. The free Coeberl suffered from strong constipation, which did not give in to any cure, the cause of which Koeberl saw in the pressure on the rectum of the bent back of the uterus. The patient reached such a state that energetic intervention was necessary. In view of these indications, Koeberl decided to make the womb and to strengthen the uterus in the abdominal wound in such a position that its body could not be thrown backwards. Opening the abdominal cavity, the operator removed the healthy ovary; the resulting leg, i.e. broad ligament, tube and lig. ovarii sewed it into the abdominal wound. The result was satisfactory. Ten years later, Schroeder) performed this operation on a patient with a posterior bend of the uterus and a small ovarian cyst, accompanied, in addition, by the dance of St. Witt. After removing the cyst, he sewed the leg to the anterior abdominal wall. In 1880, L. Tait) performed two operations, one in February, the other in April. In both cases, it was about the backward bends; In addition, the patients suffered from ovarian inflammation, which did not respond to any other methods of treatment. The operator removed the inflamed, slightly enlarged ovaries, lifted the uterus and, when suturing the abdominal wound, passed the needle so that it captured part of the tissue in the area of ​​the fundus of the uterus and, thus, sewed the fundus of the uterus to the abdominal wall. In both cases, the results were satisfactory, at least until 1883. In 1881, he also, in one case of persistent retroflexio uteri, performed a blanching and a ligament of the right ovary and a left wide ligament in the belly. This case is cited by Snger in Centr. f.Gyn. 1888, No. 2.

scholarly journals A case of choledochal cyst complicated by biliary peritonitis

2007 ◽  
Vol 60 (9-10) ◽  
pp. 497-500 ◽  
Author(s):  
Radovan Cvijanovic ◽  
Radojica Jokic
Keyword(s):  
Choledochal Cyst ◽  
Ultrasound Examination ◽  
Abdominal Cavity ◽  
Normal Liver ◽  
Cyst Formation ◽  
North East ◽  
Rare Malformation ◽  
Extrahepatic Bile Ducts ◽  
One Year ◽  
The Right

Introduction. Choledochal cyst is a rare congenital malformation of the extrahepatic bile ducts. Its incidence varies among different populations, but it is highest in North East Asia. It is most frequent in childhood, and very rare in adults. Case report. A 7 year-old boy was admitted to the hospital with severe abdominal pain under the right rib margin. He presented with constant nausea, occasional jaundice and high colored urine. The following day the boy underwent ultrasound examination and computer tomography (CT). A choledochal cyst was found, and a CT-controlled puncture of the cyst was performed. An X-ray was taken by injecting contrast medium through the drain. A small leakage into the abdominal cavity was observed with subsequent peritonitis. The general condition of the child deteriorated and a decision was made to operate immediately. An upper medial laparotomy was performed. A cystic formation was noted in the hepatoduodenal ligament of 90x70 mm in dimension. The cyst was completely removed and a hepatico-jejunal anastomosis was performed. The child tolerated the surgery well and recovered quickly. Discussion. Cystic dilation of the common bile duct, known as choledochal cyst, is related to a rare malformation of this region. The exact mechanisam of cyst formation remains unknown. Choledochal cysts usually present in the early childhood, with higher frequency in females. The diagnosis is easily made, especially with the use of ultrasound and computed tomography. The treatment is usually surgical, and complete resection of the cyst with hepatico-jejunal anastomosis is the therapy of choice. Conclusion. One year later, ultrasound examination and specific dynamic tests (HIDA) showed normal liver function, and good anastomosis. .

scholarly journals Fatal Placental Subinvolution in a Captive Capybara (Hydrochaeris hydrochaeris, Order Rodentia)

2005 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
pp. 513-516
Author(s):  
C. Juan-Sallés ◽  
L. S. Martínez ◽  
M. M. Garner
Keyword(s):  
Blood Clot ◽  
Abdominal Cavity ◽  
Uterine Wall ◽  
Uterine Horn ◽  
Vascular Lesions ◽  
Coagulative Necrosis ◽  
Small Perforation ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Masses ◽  
Hydrochaeris Hydrochaeris

An adult, captive-born female capybara died of systemic thrombosis and hemoperitoneum associated with placental subinvolution. Grossly, the uterus was enlarged, segmentally thickened, and associated with a large blood clot in the abdominal cavity. There was hemometra and a large ovoid mass in each uterine horn weakly adhered to the endometrium, and the right uterine horn wall had a small perforation over the mass. The mesometrial veins were markedly dilated due to thrombosis and occasionally perforated. Histologically, the uterine masses consisted of partly necrotic placental and subplacental tissue. The uterine wall surrounding the masses had full-thickness coagulative necrosis of the myometrium and diffuse endometrial ulceration with abundant syncytiotrophoblast-like cells within capillaries. Vascular lesions in the uterus and mesometrium consisted of mural invasion by cytotrophoblast and syncytiotrophoblast-like cells, thrombosis, fibrinoid necrosis, and/or heterophilic vasculitis. This is the first report of placental subinvolution in capybaras or any rodent species, to the authors' knowledge.

scholarly journals Incarcerated gallbladder in inguinal hernia: a case report and literature review

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
János Tajti ◽  
József Pieler ◽  
Szabolcs Ábrahám ◽  
Zsolt Simonka ◽  
Attila Paszt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inguinal Hernia ◽  
Abdominal Cavity ◽  
Abdominal Ultrasound ◽  
Intestinal Loop ◽  
Emergency Case ◽  
Laboratory Findings ◽  
Midline Laparotomy ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Hernial Sac ◽  
The Right

Abstract Background Treating hernias is one of the oldest challenges in surgery. The gallbladder as content in the case of abdominal hernias has only been reported in a few cases in the current literature. Cholecyst has only been described in the content of an inguinofemoral hernia in one case to date. Case presentation A 73-year-old female patient was admitted to the Emergency Department due to complaints in the right inguinal area, which had started 1 day earlier. The patient complained of cramp-like abdominal pain and nausea. Physical examination confirmed an apple-sized, irreducible hernia in the right inguinal region. Abdominal ultrasound confirmed an oedematous intestinal loop in a 70-mm-long hernial sac, with no circulation detected. Abdominal X-ray showed no signs of passage disorder. White blood cell count and C-reactive protein level were elevated, and hepatic enzymes were normal in the laboratory findings. Exploration was performed via an inguinal incision on the right side, an uncertain cystic structure was found in the hernial sac, and several small abnormal masses were palpated there. The abdominal cavity was explored from the middle midline laparotomy. During the exploration, the content of the hernial sac was found to be the fundus of the significantly ptotic, large gallbladder. Cholecystectomy and Bassini’s repair of the inguinal hernia were performed safely. Conclusions Following a review of the literature, it can be concluded that the finding of incarcerated gallbladder in the content of an inguinal hernia is a rare finding. No other similar emergency case and successful surgical intervention have been reported before.

Endometrial mineralisation in a bitch with ovarian granulosa cell tumour and cystic endometrial hyperplasia-pyometra complex

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. e000984
Author(s):  
Carmen Rodenas ◽  
Amalia Agut ◽  
Antonio Bernabe ◽  
Miguel Angel Gómez ◽  
Xiomara Lucas
Keyword(s):  
Granulosa Cell ◽  
Endometrial Hyperplasia ◽  
Abdominal Ultrasound ◽  
Serum Biochemistry ◽  
Cell Tumour ◽  
Histopathological Study ◽  
Granulosa Cell Tumour ◽  
Ovarian Granulosa Cell ◽  
One Year ◽  
The Right

Granulosa cell tumour is a common ovarian pathology in bitches. Depending on its hormonal production, this tumour often induces persistent oestrus signs and uterine disorders. Chronic treatment with progesterone contraceptives has been associated with endometrial mineralisation in bitches. The authors describe the case of a three-year-old female entire mastiff dog with a one-year history of chronic hyperoestrogenism signs and anorexia. Serum biochemistry and haematology revealed moderate leucocytosis. Abdominal ultrasound showed dilated uterine horns with anechoic fluid in the lumen, small cystic structures, and multiple stippled hyperechoic lesions with mild acoustic shadowing and comet tail artefact along the endometrial wall. Furthermore, cystic structures were observed in the right ovary. After surgery, histopathological study revealed the presence of endometrial hyperplasia-pyometra complex, endometrial mineralisation and a granulosa cell tumour. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first report of endometrial mineralisation associated with ovarian granulosa cell tumour in a bitch.

scholarly journals Radiological diagnosis of rectocutaneous fistulas in a cat - a case report

2014 ◽  
Vol 83 (3) ◽  
pp. 255-259
Author(s):  
Anna Łojszczyk-Szczepaniak ◽  
Renata Komsta ◽  
Piotr Dębiak ◽  
Lisiak Barbara
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Radiological Examination ◽  
Fistula Tract ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Caudal Vertebra ◽  
Faecal Material ◽  
Ultrasound Evaluation ◽  
Diagnostic Modalities ◽  
One Year ◽  
The Right

Abscess and perirectal fistulas are common in humans but not so in animals. Fistulas located in tissues surrounding the anus are usually described in the course of furunculosis in dogs. This study presents the case of a one-year-old cat in which two rectocutaneous fistulas had formed. This process was a result of the chronic inflammation of tissues around the base of the tail due to the drainage of an abscess. The animal was referred for radiological examination with clinical signs of dyschezia. Faecal material was discharged only through the fistulas situated on both sides of the tail. The aim of the radiological examination was to preoperatively determine the course of the fistula tract and to identify their internal openings. Fistulography revealed that both fistulas were connected with each other and with the rectal lumen. Their external opening was located at the height of the 4th caudal vertebra, 1.5 cm (fistula on the right) and 2 cm (fistula on the left) from the wall of the rectum. The fistula located on the right side branched cranially. The rectal lumen in this area was significantly narrowed. Abscess formation resulting in the development of rectocutaneous fistulas has not yet been described in dogs or cats. In the present case, fistulography made it possible to identify directly the source and course of the fistula canal. This examination should be complemented by other diagnostic modalities, such as a contrast examination of the gastrointerstinal tract, ultrasound evaluation, and magnetic resonance imaging.

scholarly journals Ovarian and Uterine Horn Agenesis Accompanied by Ectopic Fetal Mummifcation in Canine

2016 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 5
Author(s):  
Thalita Priscila Peres Seabra Da Cruz ◽  
Samara Rosolem Lima ◽  
David Ronald Parra Travagin ◽  
Caroline Argenta Pescador ◽  
Roberto Lopes De Souza
Keyword(s):  
Complete Blood Count ◽  
Abdominal Cavity ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Uterine Cavity ◽  
Exploratory Laparotomy ◽  
Abdominal Ultrasound ◽  
Uterine Horn ◽  
Mato Grosso ◽  
Mating History ◽  
Veterinary Hospital

Background: The uterine horn agenesis or aplasia is a rare anomaly consisting of absence or incomplete development of the paramesonephric ducts that origin the uterine horns. This change occurs during fetal formation and may occur concomitantly to agenesis of the ovary and/or ipsilateral kidney. The extra-uterine pregnancy consists of fetal growth outside the uterine cavity and can occur as a tubal or abdominal pregnancy. We report here the case of a 7-years-old mix breed dog, attended at the Veterinary Hospital of the Federal University of Mato Grosso, with accidental diagnosis of agenesis of uterine horn and ovaries and ectopic fetal mummifcation.Case: A 7-years-old mix breed dog, not spayed, was attended at the Veterinary Hospital of the Federal University of Mato Grosso (HOVET-UFMT), complaining of mucous bloody vaginal discharge. The patient had regular estrus and was multiparous. There was no mating history in the last estrus neither trauma over the past months. In previous pregnancies the patientpresented eutocic labors. On physical examination the dog showed apathy although it was alert, pale mucous membranes, presence of perivulvar blackish secretion and discreet abdominal enlargement. As preoperative exams, a complete blood count, liver and renal function (serum creatinine and alanine aminotransferase) were performed. It has also performedthe abdominal ultrasound examination, which revealed the presence of uterus flled with hypoechoic luminal content and a thickened and irregular wall. The patient was referred to therapeutic ovariohysterectomy (OHE). After anesthesia and antisepsis, the access to the abdominal cavity was made, where there was a mummifed fetus with approximately 15.5 cmfrom neck to tail set, equivalent to 57 days of gestation. After removal of the papyraceus fetus, the uterus was found and then, when exposed, there was only the left uterine horn flled by content and ovarie, both were removed. After inspection, the synthesis of the abdominal cavity was carried out as the routine. During the postoperative period, the patient had no complications or other clinical signs similar to those observed in the initial presentation. Antibiotic (enrofloxacin 5 mg/kg every 12h), analgesic (dipyrone 20 mg/kg every 8 h) and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory (meloxicam 0.2 mg/kg every 24 h) were prescribed. The fetus and uterus were sent to the Veterinary Pathology UFMT Laboratory (PVL-HOVET).The fetus was covered by omentum and fat. After the initial incision, there was a hard fbrous capsule surrounding the mummifed fetus. There were no recent signs of rupture or scarring resulting from previous trauma in the uterus. Its size was 15x4.8x2.8 cm and it was flled out with mucus bloody brownish secretion (pyometra). Microscopically, had purulent inflammatory infltrate, diffuse and severe in mucosa and submucosa associated with cell debris and moderate hyperplasia glands containing microabscesses inside.Discussion: Reports of extra-uterine fetal mummifcation in dogs and cats are scarce. Even being reported infrequently in dogs if congenital uterine and ovarian abnormalities are found during surgery, a detailed inspection of the abdominal cavity should be performed in order to rule out the possible presence of the ipsilateral ovary. Even with the lack of specifc clinical signs, fetal ectopy can be diagnosed through a detailed clinical examination and image exams. Exploratory laparotomy can be used as a diagnostic and therapeutic tool, since the treatment is the excision of ectopic tissue and OHE in cases of uterine rupture.Keywords: aplasia, fetus, mummifcation, unicornuate uterus.

scholarly journals Neck subcutaneous nodule as first metastasis from broad ligament leiomyosarcoma: a case report and review of literature

BMC Surgery ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fiorella Cazzato ◽  
Angela D’Ercole ◽  
Graziano De Luca ◽  
Francesca B. Aiello ◽  
Adelchi Croce
Keyword(s):  
Broad Ligament ◽  
Neck Region ◽  
Neck Mass ◽  
High Recurrence Rate ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Morphological Examination ◽  
First Case ◽  
One Year ◽  
The Right ◽  
Primary Leiomyosarcoma

Abstract Background Leiomyosarcoma usually develops in the myometrium and is characterized by a high recurrence rate, frequent hematogenous dissemination, and poor prognosis. Metastasis is usually to lungs, liver, and bone, and occasionally to the brain, but seldom to the head and neck region. Primary leiomyosarcoma very rarely arises in the broad ligament. Case presentation A 54-year old woman presented to the otolaryngology department with a mass in the right posterior region of the neck 4 years after surgery for a primary leiomyosarcoma of the right broad ligament. The neck mass was removed and found to be a metastatic leiomyosarcoma. Leiomyosarcoma localizations in lungs and liver were absent. Morphological examination showed both the primary and the secondary leiomyosarcomas to have features of low-grade tumors. One year after excision of the neck mass, the patient presented with tachycardia. Echocardiography detected two intracardiac nodules suggestive of metastatic tumors. Chemotherapy was administered; the disease has been stable since then. Conclusions We report the first case of broad ligament leiomyosarcoma with the neck subcutaneous region being the first site of secondary involvement. We speculate that the Batson venous plexus might have been the pathway of dissemination.

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