Intracellular magnesium: transport and regulation in epithelial secretory cells

10.2741/yago ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. d602 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria, D. Yago
Keyword(s):  
Secretory Cells ◽  
Intracellular Magnesium ◽  
Magnesium Transport

The ultrastructure of acinar cells in the external orbital gland of young and old male rats

1978 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 276-277
Author(s):  
R. Carriere
Keyword(s):  
Young Adulthood ◽  
Acinar Cells ◽  
Cell Number ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Polyploid Cell ◽  
Secretory Cells ◽  
Age Changes ◽  
Albino Rat ◽  
Golgi Membranes ◽  
Diploid Cells

The external orbital gland of the albino rat exhibits both sexual dimorphism and histological age changes. In males, many cells attain a remarkable degree of polyploidy and an increase of polyploid cell number constitutes the major age change until young adulthood. The acini of young adults have a small lumen and are composed of tall serous cells. Subsequently, many acini acquire a larger lumen with an irregular outline while numerous vacuoles accumulate throughout the secretory cells. At the same time, vesicular acini with a large lumen surrounded by pale-staining low cuboidal diploid cells begin to appear and their number increases throughout old age. The fine structure of external orbital glands from both sexes has been explored and in considering acinar cells from males, emphasis was given to the form of the Golgi membranes and to nuclear infoldings of cytoplasmic constituents.

New Ultrastructural Observations on Injury and Regeneration of Cilia in Mammalian Conducting Airway Epithelium

1981 ◽  
Vol 39 ◽  
pp. 624-625
Author(s):  
J.L. Carson ◽  
A.M. Collier
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Airway Epithelium ◽  
Defense Mechanisms ◽  
Normal Growth ◽  
Fetal Lung ◽  
Secretory Cells ◽  
Airway Epithelial ◽  
Ciliated Cells ◽  
Conducting Airway ◽  
Conducting Airways

The ciliated cells lining the conducting airways of mammals are integral to the defense mechanisms of the respiratory tract, functioning in coordination with secretory cells in the removal of inhaled and cellular debris. The effects of various infectious and toxic agents on the structure and function of airway epithelial cell cilia have been studied in our laboratory, both of which have been shown to affect ciliary ultrastructure.These observations have led to questions about ciliary regeneration as well as the possible induction of ciliogenesis in response to cellular injury. Classical models of ciliogenesis in the conducting airway epithelium of the mammalian respiratory tract have been based primarily on observations of the developing fetal lung. These observations provide a plausible explanation for the embryological generation of ciliary beds lining the conducting airways but do little to account for subsequent differentiation of ciliated cells and ciliogenesis during normal growth and development.

Analysis of the Anterior Secretory Cells of Onchidohs Muricata (Nudibranchia)

1981 ◽  
Vol 39 ◽  
pp. 614-615
Author(s):  
Roy Skidmore
Keyword(s):  
Endoplasmic Reticulum ◽  
Secretory Granules ◽  
Golgi Body ◽  
The Body ◽  
Secretory Cells ◽  
Secretory Vesicles ◽  
High Magnification ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Membrane Bound ◽  
Sole Of The Foot

The long-necked secretory cells in Onchidoris muricata are distributed in the anterior sole of the foot. These cells are interspersed among ciliated columnar and conical cells as well as short-necked secretory gland cells. The long-necked cells contribute a significant amount of mucoid materials to the slime on which the nudibranch travels. The body of these cells is found in the subepidermal tissues. A long process extends across the basal lamina and in between cells of the epidermis to the surface of the foot. The secretory granules travel along the process and their contents are expelled by exocytosis at the foot surface.The contents of the cell body include the nucleus, some endoplasmic reticulum, and an extensive Golgi body with large numbers of secretory vesicles (Fig. 1). The secretory vesicles are membrane bound and contain a fibrillar matrix. At high magnification the similarity of the contents in the Golgi saccules and the secretory vesicles becomes apparent (Fig. 2).

Scanning and Transmission Electron Microscopy of the Endometrium in Women with Ovarian Dysgenesis (Turner'S Syndrome)

1976 ◽  
Vol 34 ◽  
pp. 148-149
Author(s):  
A. González-Angulo ◽  
S. Armendares-Sagrera ◽  
I. Ruíz de Chávez ◽  
H. Marquez-Monter ◽  
R. Aznar
Keyword(s):  
Surface Epithelium ◽  
Secretory Cells ◽  
Turner's Syndrome ◽  
Ciliated Cells ◽  
Turner’S Syndrome ◽  
Exogenous Hormone ◽  
Ovarian Dysgenesis ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Normal Women ◽  
Microscopy Examination

It is a well documented fact that endometrial hyperplasia and adenocarcinoma may develop in women with Turner's syndrome who had received unopposed estrogen treatment (1), as well as in normal women under contraceptive medication with the sequential regime (2). The purpose of the present study was to characterize the possible changes in surface and glandular epithelium in these women who were treated with a sequential regime for a period of between three and eight years. The aim was to find organelle modifications which may lead to the understanding of the biology of an endometrium under exogenous hormone stimulation. Light microscopy examination of endometrial biopsies of nine patients disclosed a proliferative pattern; in two of these, there was focal hyperplasia. With the scanning electron microscope the surface epithelium in all biopsies showed secretory cells with microvilli alternating with non secretory ciliated cells. Regardless of the day of the cycle all biopsies disclosed a large number of secretory cells rich in microvilli (fig.l) with long and slender projections some of which were branching (fig. 2).

Ultrastructural studies of the relationship between actin filaments and secretory granules

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 458-459
Author(s):  
Ellen Holm Nielsen
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Colloidal Gold ◽  
Actin Filaments ◽  
Secretory Granules ◽  
Secretory Cells ◽  
Ultrastructural Studies ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Granule Membrane ◽  
Ultrathin Sections ◽  
Lowicryl K4m

In secretory cells a dense and complex network of actin filaments is seen in the subplasmalemmal space attached to the cell membrane. During exocytosis this network is undergoing a rearrangement facilitating access of granules to plasma membrane in order that fusion of the membranes can take place. A filamentous network related to secretory granules has been reported, but its structural organization and composition have not been examined, although this network may be important for exocytosis.Samples of peritoneal mast cells were frozen at -70°C and thawed at 4°C in order to rupture the cells in such a gentle way that the granule membrane is still intact. Unruptured and ruptured cells were fixed in 2% paraformaldehyde and 0.075% glutaraldehyde, dehydrated in ethanol. For TEM (transmission electron microscopy) cells were embedded in Lowicryl K4M at -35°C and for SEM (scanning electron microscopy) they were placed on copper blocks, critical point dried and coated. For immunoelectron microscopy ultrathin sections were incubated with monoclonal anti-actin and colloidal gold labelled IgM. Ruptured cells were also placed on cover glasses, prefixed, and incubated with anti-actin and colloidal gold labelled IgM.

Correlative transmission and high-resolution scanning electron microscopic studies on pituitary cells

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 20-21
Author(s):  
S. Tai
Keyword(s):  
Cell Types ◽  
Depth Of Field ◽  
Secretory Cells ◽  
Specific Cell ◽  
Pituitary Cells ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
3 Dimensional ◽  
Microscopic Studies ◽  
Structure And Activity ◽  
Intracellular Structure

Extensive cytological and histological research, correlated with physiological experimental analysis, have been done on the anterior pituitaries of many different vertebrates which have provided the knowledge to create the concept that specific cell types synthesize, store and release their specific hormones. These hormones are stored in or associated with granules. Nevertheless, there are still many doubts - that need further studies, specially on the ultrastructure and physiology of these endocrine cells during the process of synthesis, transport and secretion, whereas some new methods may provide the information about the intracellular structure and activity in detail.In the present work, ultrastructural study of the hormone-secretory cells of chicken pituitaries have been done by using TEM as well as HR-SEM, to correlate the informations obtained from 2-dimensional TEM micrography with the 3-dimensional SEM topographic images, which have a continous surface with larger depth of field that - offers the adventage to interpretate some intracellular structures which were not possible to see using TEM.

scholarly journals Anaphylactic Degranulation of Mast Cells: Focus on Compound Exocytosis

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ofir Klein ◽  
Ronit Sagi-Eisenberg
Keyword(s):  
Mast Cell ◽  
Mast Cells ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Secretory Granules ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Secretory Cells ◽  
Regulated Exocytosis ◽  
Open Questions ◽  
Conflicting Evidence ◽  
Compound Exocytosis

Anaphylaxis is a notorious type 2 immune response which may result in a systemic response and lead to death. A precondition for the unfolding of the anaphylactic shock is the secretion of inflammatory mediators from mast cells in response to an allergen, mostly through activation of the cells via the IgE-dependent pathway. While mast cells are specialized secretory cells that can secrete through a variety of exocytic modes, the most predominant mode exerted by the mast cell during anaphylaxis is compound exocytosis—a specialized form of regulated exocytosis where secretory granules fuse to one another. Here, we review the modes of regulated exocytosis in the mast cell and focus on compound exocytosis. We review historical landmarks in the research of compound exocytosis in mast cells and the methods available for investigating compound exocytosis. We also review the molecular mechanisms reported to underlie compound exocytosis in mast cells and expand further with reviewing key findings from other cell types. Finally, we discuss the possible reasons for the mast cell to utilize compound exocytosis during anaphylaxis, the conflicting evidence in different mast cell models, and the open questions in the field which remain to be answered.

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