Aromatic amines: use in azo dye chemistry

10.2741/4093 ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 145 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harold Freeman
Keyword(s):  
Aromatic Amines ◽  
Azo Dye

Removal of aromatic amines and decolourisation of azo dye baths by electrochemical treatment

2013 ◽  
Vol 129 (4) ◽  
pp. 267-273 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victor López-Grimau ◽  
Miquel Riera-Torres ◽  
Montserrat López-Mesas ◽  
Carmen Gutiérrez-Bouzán
Keyword(s):  
Aromatic Amines ◽  
Azo Dye ◽  
Electrochemical Treatment

Assessment of the biodegradability of a monosulfonated azo dye and aromatic amines

2008 ◽  
Vol 62 (2) ◽  
pp. 96-103 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.C. Carvalho ◽  
C. Pereira ◽  
I.C. Gonçalves ◽  
H.M. Pinheiro ◽  
A.R. Santos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aromatic Amines ◽  
Azo Dye

Degradation of azo dye Mordant Yellow 10 in a sequential anaerobic and bioaugmented aerobic bioreactor

2000 ◽  
Vol 42 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 337-344 ◽  
Author(s):  
N.C. Tan ◽  
A. Borger ◽  
P. Slenders ◽  
A. Svitelskaya ◽  
G. Lettinga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Azo Dyes ◽  
Aromatic Amines ◽  
Azo Dye ◽  
Loading Rate ◽  
Enrichment Culture ◽  
Sulfanilic Acid ◽  
Aminosalicylic Acid ◽  
Biodegradation Product ◽  
Aerobic Reactor ◽  
Sulfonated Azo Dye

Complete biodegradation of azo dyes requires an anaerobic and aerobic step, in the anaerobic step sulfonated azo dyes (SADs) are reduced, yielding (sulfonated) aromatic amines ((S)AAs) which can be degraded aerobically. The complete biodegradation of the SAD Mordant Yellow 10 (MY10) was studied in a sequential anaerobic and aerobic bioreactor. Anaerobically, MY10 was reductively cleaved and the resulting aromatic amines, 5-aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA) and sulfanilic acid (SA), were both recovered in high stoichiometric yields. One of the AAs, 5-ASA, was readily degraded under aerobic conditions. However, SA was not degraded aerobically in the continuous experiment because no SA-degrading bacterial activity was present in the system. Therefore, a SA-degrading enrichment culture derived from Rhine sediment was used as an inoculum source. This enrichment culture was bioaugmented into the aerobic reactor by increasing the hydraulic retention time (HRT), thus enabling SA-degrading activity to develop and maintain in the aerobic reactor. After decreasing the HRT, the SA-degrading activity remained in the bioreactor and the stoichiometric recovery of sulfate (a SA biodegradation product) indicated the mineralization of SA after bioaugmentation. Batch experiments with aerobic reactor sludge confirmed the biodegradation of SA and 5-ASA. The sequential anaerobic and aerobic bioreactor was able to completely remove the sulfonated azo dye MY10 at a maximum loading rate of 210 mg MY10 (lreactor d)-1 after the appropriate microorganisms for aerobic degradation of SA were bioaugmented into the aerobic bioreactor.

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