scholarly journals „Wyobrażę sobie świat…”, czyli o poczuciu braku nadziei, zaburzeniach snu i nadużywaniu alkoholu przez młodzież szkolną

Ars Educandi ◽  
2016 ◽  
pp. 75-80
Author(s):  
Aleksandra Dymowska
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Health Questionnaire ◽  
Care Evaluation

Poczucie braku nadziei często towarzyszy adolescentom nie tylko ze względu na ich wiek rozwojowy, ale i codzienną rzeczywistość (zwłaszcza szkolną). Poczucie beznadziejności to jedno z kryteriów diagnostycznych, które powinno być spełnione podczas rozpoznania zaburzeń depresyjnych. Mogące z nim współwystępować zaburzenia snu czy skłonność do naudżywania alkoholu to dodatkowe czynniki ryzyka, które wpływają nie tylko na aktualną jakość życia, ale i przyszłość młodych ludzi.Celem pracy jest odpowiedź na pytanie, czy młodzież szkolna doświadcza poczucia braku nadziei? Dodatkowym celem jest próba zestawienia powyższych wyników z ewentualnie współwystępującymi z nim zaburzeniami psychicznymi i podjęcie polemiki na temat możliwego wpływu oczekiwań społecznych na sposób postrzegania rzeczywistości przez adolescentów.Badanie przeprowadzono na grupie 71 pełnoletnich uczniów klas maturalnych w publicznej szkole ponadgimnazjalnej z województwa pomorskiego. Zastosowano dwie metody: Kwestionariusz Zdrowia Pacjenta (Primary Care Evaluation od Mental Disorders Patiet Health Questionnaire [PRIME-MD-PHQ]), który ocenia objawy pięciu grup zaburzeń psychicznych, oraz Skalę Poczucia Beznadziejności Becka (Beck Hoplessness Scale [BHS]). Wykazano, że 43,7% badanej młodzieży nie doświadcza poczucia braku nadziei, 35,2% odczuwa łagodne poczucie beznadziejności, 14% prezentuje umiarkowany poziom braku nadziei, a 7,1% cechuje się głębokim poczuciem beznadziejności. Dodatkowo na podstawie przeprowadzonego badania stwierdzono, że najczęściej występującym w tej grupie osób badanych jest zaburzenie snu (48,57%) oraz skłonność do nadużywania alkoholu (21,43%).

Screening for Major Depressive Disorders in Adolescent Psychiatric Inpatients with the Mood Modules from the Primary Care Evaluation of Mental Disorders and the Patient Health Questionnaire

2001 ◽  
Vol 89 (2) ◽  
pp. 274-278 ◽  
Author(s):  
Geetha Kumar ◽  
Anne H. Kim ◽  
David Krefetz ◽  
Robert A. Steer
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Psychiatric Inpatients ◽  
Patient Health Questionnaire ◽  
Health Questionnaire ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Patient Health ◽  
Care Evaluation

The mood modules from the Primary Care Evaluation of Mental Disorders (PRIME-MD) and the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ) were administered to 17 (52%) female and 16 (48%) male adolescent (13–17 years old) psychiatric inpatients. The internal consistencies of both were good (KR-20 for PRIME-MD = .80, Cronbach coefficient α for Patient Health Questionnaire = .85). The correlation between the PRIME-MD and Patient Health Questionnaire total scores was .87 ( p < .001) and the point-biserial correlation of both questionnaires' total scores with being diagnosed with a Major Depressive Disorder was .54 ( p < .001). Both mood modules appeared to be equally effective in screening for a Major Depressive Disorder.

scholarly journals Detecting common mental disorders in primary care in India: a comparison of five screening questionnaires

2007 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 221-228 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Patel ◽  
R. Araya ◽  
N. Chowdhary ◽  
M. King ◽  
B. Kirkwood ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Common Mental Disorders ◽  
General Health Questionnaire ◽  
Diagnostic Interview ◽  
Systematic Sampling ◽  
Health Questionnaire ◽  
Primary Care Settings ◽  
Self Reporting Questionnaire ◽  
Distress Scale

BackgroundScreening of patients for common mental disorders (CMDs) is needed in primary-care management programmes. This study aimed to compare the screening properties of five widely used questionnaires.MethodAdult attenders in five primary-care settings in India were recruited through systematic sampling. Four questionnaires were administered, in pairs, in random order to participants: the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ, 12 items); the Primary Health Questionnaire (PHQ, nine items); the Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K10, 10 items), and from which we could extract the score of the shorter 6-item K6; and the Self-Reporting Questionnaire (SRQ, 20 items). All participants were interviewed with a structured lay diagnostic interview, the Revised Clinical Interview Schedule (CIS-R).ResultsComplete data were available for 598 participants (participation rate 99.3%). All five questionnaires showed moderate to high discriminating ability; the GHQ and SRQ showed the best results. All five showed moderate to high degrees of correlation with one another, the poorest being between the two shortest questionnaires, K6 and PHQ. All five had relatively good internal consistency. However, the positive predictive value (PPV) of the questionnaires compared with the diagnostic interview ranged from 51% to 77% at the optimal cut-off scores.ConclusionsThere is little difference in the ability of these questionnaires to identify cases accurately, but none showed high PPVs without a considerable compromise on sensitivity. Hence, the choice of an optimum cut-off score that yields the best balance between sensitivity and PPV may need to be tailored to individual settings, with a higher cut-off being recommended in resource-limited primary-care settings.

scholarly journals Detection of mental disorders with the Patient Health Questionnaire in primary care settings in Nigeria

2010 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 46-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olawale O. Ogunsemi ◽  
Francis A. Oluwole ◽  
Festus Abasiubong ◽  
Adebayo R. Erinfolami ◽  
Olufemi E. Amoran ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Primary Health Care ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Patient Health Questionnaire ◽  
Health Questionnaire ◽  
Primary Care Settings ◽  
Primary Health ◽  
Patient Health ◽  
The Impact

Mental disorders lead to difficulties in social, occupational and marital relations. Failure to detect mental disorder denies patients potentially effective treatment. This study aimed to assess the prevalence and nature of mental disorders at the primary care settings and the recognition of these disorders by the attending physicians. Over a period of eight weeks, consecutive and consenting patients who attended three randomly selected primary health care facilities in Sagamu Local Government Area of Ogun state were recruited and administered a questionnaire that included a socio-demographic section and Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ). A total of 412 subjects took part in the study. Subject age ranged from 18-90 years with a mean age of 52.50±21.08 years. One hundred and seventy-six (42.7%) of the subjects were males. A total of 120 (29.1%) of the subjects had depressive disorder, 100 (24.3%) had anxiety disorder, 196 (47.6%) somatoform disorder and 104 (25.2%) met the criteria for an alcohol related problem. The PHC physicians were only able to diagnose disorders relating to mental health in 52 (12.6%) of the subjects. Health and work situations accounted for more than three-quarters of the causes of stress experienced by the subjects. We conclude that there is a high prevalence of mental disorders among patients seen in primary care settings and that a significant proportion of them are not recognized by the primary care physicians. Stress relating to health, work and financial problems is common among primary health care attendees. Physicians in primary health care should be alert to the possibility and the impact of undetected psychiatric morbidity.

scholarly journals Psychological assessment in patients with phobic postural vertigo

2010 ◽  
Vol 68 (2) ◽  
pp. 224-227 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liliani Souza dos Santos Ferreira ◽  
Cristiana Borges Pereira ◽  
Sueli Rossini ◽  
Aline Mizuta Kozoroski Kanashiro ◽  
Carla Cristina Adda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Mood Disorders ◽  
Psychological Assessment ◽  
Psychological Status ◽  
Separate Analysis ◽  
Psychiatric Disturbance ◽  
Phobic Postural Vertigo ◽  
Psychiatric Disturbances ◽  
Care Evaluation

Phobic postural vertigo (PPV) is a frequent diagnosis which can be challenging to treat. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the presence of psychiatric disturbances in patients with PPV; to assess the psychological status of patients using adaptive diagnosis; to verify possible correlations between severity of psychiatric disturbance and adaptive efficacy. METHOD: A total of nineteen subjects were assessed and two instruments applied: the Primary Care Evaluation of Mental Disorders Questionnaire (PRIME-MD) and the Adaptive Operationalized Diagnostic Scale (AODS), and results from both tests were compared. RESULTS: Fourteen patients presented with mood disorder and thirteen with anxiety. All patients presented compromised adaptive efficacy. Correlation was found between overall outcome on the PRIME and the AODS (tau= -0.42, p=0.027), Separate analysis revealed correlation between results of the AODS and anxiety disorders (tau= -0.45, p=0.018) but not with mood disorders (tau= -0.36, p=0.054). CONCLUSION: Adaptive compromise was observed in individuals with PPV which was shown to be associated to psychiatric disorders.

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