scholarly journals eDNA from culture-independent Hirudinaria bpling Phillips 2012 (Annelida: Hirundinidae) as a tool for biodiversity assessment

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Meal ◽  
Bos Taurus ◽  
Homo Sapiens ◽  
Canis Familiaris ◽  
Bubalus Bubalis ◽  
Coi Gene ◽  
Biodiversity Assessment ◽  
Conventional Pcr ◽  
Recent Interest ◽  
Culture Independent

Recent interest in the use of leeches as a source of eDNA by obtaining and analyzing traces of its last blood meal has proven noteworthy as a tool in screening biodiversity. As the method is fairly new and has relatively unexplored benefits, its assessment as a tool in such fields as ecology and biotechnology prompts further studies. This study was conducted to provide an alternative to collecting samples in poorly-explored areas or in areas where collection is very difficult, if not impossible. Using leeches collected from Angadanan, Isabela, DNA was extracted and cytochrome oxidase I (COI) gene was amplified using conventional PCR. Gene sequences from resulting amplicons were matched with similar sequences using BLASTn, where prey sequences were narrowed down to organisms with the highest match of no less than 85%. Highest score of similarities were obtained and species identified included Cyprinus carpio L. 1758, Homo sapiens L., 1758, Bos taurus L., 1758, Bubalus bubalis carabanensis L.S. Castillo, 1998, Equus caballus L., 1758, and Canis familiaris L., 1758. These results demonstrate that using leech-extracted blood meal may be a successful tool in screening vertebrate biodiversity.

Lichtheimia corymbifer. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. M. Kirk
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
United Arab Emirates ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Bos Taurus ◽  
Homo Sapiens ◽  
South Australia ◽  
Uttar Pradesh ◽  
Bubalus Bubalis ◽  
Nilaparvata Lugens ◽  
Jammu And Kashmir

Abstract A description is provided for Lichtheimia corymbifer [Mycocladus corymbifer]. Details of its geographical distribution (Egypt, Gambia, Ghana, Kenya, Mauritius, Nigeria, Sudan, Zambia, Canada (Alberta, British Columbia, Manitoba, Quebec), USA (Illinois, Maryland, New York, South Dakota, Wisconsin), Brazil (Rio de Janeiro), Afghanistan, India (Andhra Pradesh, Bihar, Chhattisgarh, Gujarat, Haryana, Jammu and Kashmir, Karnataka, Kerala, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Manipur, Meghalaya, Punjab, Rajasthan, Tamil Nadu, Uttar Pradesh, Uttaranchal, West Bengal), Indonesia, Iraq, Japan, Kuwait, Malaysia, Morocco, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, Thailand, United Arab Emirates, Turkey, Australia (Queensland, Victoria, South Australia, Western Australia), New Zealand, Bahamas, Belgium, Channel Islands, Cyprus, France, Germany, Great Britain, Wales, Irish Republic, Israel, Italy, Netherlands, Northern Ireland, Norway, Russian Federation, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland) and hosts (including Bos taurus, Bubalus bubalis, Cavia porcellus, Cheiroptera, Diacrisia obliqua [Spilarctia obliqua], duck, Epilachna vigintioctopunctata, Equus caballus, Gallus gallus, goat, grey kangaroo, Homo sapiens, Isoptera, lizard, Mythimna separata, Nilaparvata lugens, Odontotermes, okapi [Okapia johnstoni], Pyrilla perpusilla, Sus) are given.

scholarly journals IMGT® Biocuration and Comparative Analysis of Bos taurus and Ovis aries TRA/TRD Loci

Genes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 30
Author(s):  
Perrine Pégorier ◽  
Morgane Bertignac ◽  
Viviane Nguefack Ngoune ◽  
Géraldine Folch ◽  
Joumana Jabado-Michaloud ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
T Cell ◽  
T Cell Receptors ◽  
Bos Taurus ◽  
Homo Sapiens ◽  
Adaptive Immune Response ◽  
Ovis Aries ◽  
Cell Receptors ◽  
Adaptive Immune

The adaptive immune response provides the vertebrate immune system with the ability to recognize and remember specific pathogens to generate immunity, and mount stronger attacks each time the pathogen is encountered. T cell receptors are the antigen receptors of the adaptive immune response expressed by T cells, which specifically recognize processed antigens, presented as peptides by the highly polymorphic major histocompatibility (MH) proteins. T cell receptors (TR) are divided into two groups, αβ and γδ, which express distinct TR containing either α and β, or γ and δ chains, respectively. The TRα locus (TRA) and TRδ locus (TRD) of bovine (Bos taurus) and the sheep (Ovis aries) have recently been described and annotated by IMGT® biocurators. The aim of the present study is to present the results of the biocuration and to compare the genes of the TRA/TRD loci among these ruminant species based on the Homo sapiens repertoire. The comparative analysis shows similarities but also differences, including the fact that these two species have a TRA/TRD locus about three times larger than that of humans and therefore have many more genes which may demonstrate duplications and/or deletions during evolution.

Catalytically active holo Homo sapiens adenosine deaminase I adopts a closed conformation

2022 ◽  
Vol 78 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Minh Thu Ma ◽  
Maria Rain Jennings ◽  
John Blazeck ◽  
Raquel L. Lieberman
Keyword(s):  
Adenosine Deaminase ◽  
T Cell Activation ◽  
Cell Activation ◽  
Catalytic Mechanism ◽  
Biochemical Characterization ◽  
Bos Taurus ◽  
Homo Sapiens ◽  
Severe Combined Immunodeficiency ◽  
Closed Conformation ◽  
Catalytically Active

Homo sapiens adenosine deaminase 1 (HsADA1; UniProt P00813) is an immunologically relevant enzyme with roles in T-cell activation and modulation of adenosine metabolism and signaling. Patients with genetic deficiency in HsADA1 suffer from severe combined immunodeficiency, and HsADA1 is a therapeutic target in hairy cell leukemias. Historically, insights into the catalytic mechanism and the structural attributes of HsADA1 have been derived from studies of its homologs from Bos taurus (BtADA) and Mus musculus (MmADA). Here, the structure of holo HsADA1 is presented, as well as biochemical characterization that confirms its high activity and shows that it is active across a broad pH range. Structurally, holo HsADA1 adopts a closed conformation distinct from the open conformation of holo BtADA. Comparison of holo HsADA1 and MmADA reveals that MmADA also adopts a closed conformation. These findings challenge previous assumptions gleaned from BtADA regarding the conformation of HsADA1 that may be relevant to its immunological interactions, particularly its ability to bind adenosine receptors. From a broader perspective, the structural analysis of HsADA1 presents a cautionary tale for reliance on homologs to make structural inferences relevant to applications such as protein engineering or drug development.

scholarly journals Molecular surveillance and phylogenetic traits of Babesia bigemina and Babesia bovis in cattle (Bos taurus) and water buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis) from Colombia

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeiczon Jaimes-Dueñez ◽  
Omar Triana-Chávez ◽  
Andrés Holguín-Rocha ◽  
Alberto Tobon-Castaño ◽  
Ana M. Mejía-Jaramillo
Keyword(s):  
Bos Taurus ◽  
Bubalus Bubalis ◽  
Babesia Bovis ◽  
Babesia Bigemina ◽  
Molecular Surveillance ◽  
Water Buffaloes

273 OVUM PICKUP AT DIFFERENT TIMES OF A SYNCHRONIZED FOLLICULAR WAVE DID NOT AFFECT IVP IN BOS INDICUS, BOS TAURUS, OR BUBALUS BUBALIS

2010 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 293 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. U. Gimenes ◽  
M. L. Ferraz ◽  
A. Araujo ◽  
P. Fantinato Neto ◽  
M. R. Chiarati ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mixed Model ◽  
Bos Taurus ◽  
Bos Indicus ◽  
Cumulus Cell ◽  
Bubalus Bubalis ◽  
Genetic Group ◽  
Cleavage Rate ◽  
Follicular Wave ◽  
Counting Data ◽  
Initial Hypothesis

One important factor in the success of ovum pickup (OPU)/IVP in Bos taurus is the follicular status at OPU concerning the dominance period (Hendriksen et al. 2000 Theriogenology 53, 11-20). The hypothesis of the present study is that OPU performed after follicle deviation, when follicles show a mild level of atresia, improves competence for IVP in Nelore (NE), Holstein (HO), and buffaloes (BU). Objectives were to determine effects of OPU done at different times of synchronized follicular wave (1, 3, or 5 d after expected emergence) and of genetic group (NE, HO, and BU) on IVP. A total of 27 heifers (9 of each genetic group) were maintained in contemporary nutritional and environmental conditions during experiment, in a cross-over design, performed in 6 replicates. Recovered oocytes with at least one cumulus cell layer were matured in TCM-199 supplemented with 10% of FCS plus 50 μM of cysteamin and 0.3 mM of cystine, at 38.5°C with 5% CO2 in air for 24 h. IVF was done with 2 × 106 spermatozoa per mL of NE (for bovine oocytes) or BU semen (for BU oocytes), for 20 h at the same incubator conditions of IVM. After IVF, presumptive zygotes were denuded and cultured in SOF under the same previous atmosphere conditions. Medium was changed 3 d after IVF when cleavage rate (CR) was assessed. Blastocyst (BR) and hatching rates (HR) were evaluated 7 and 9 days after IVF, respectively. About 50% of hatched blastocysts were fixed until nuclei counting. Data were analyzed by ANOVA using the Proc Mixed model. No effects of interaction or time of synchronization were observed in any of the variables. Concerning genetic group, NE had better results than HO and BU (mean ± SEM / heifer / replicate), respectively, for visualized follicles (41.0a ± 2.1, 22.1b ± 1.3, 18.8b ± 0.9), total oocytes (37.1a ± 2.5, 15.4b ± 1.2, 14.8b ± 1.0), oocytes at IVM (30.8a ± 2.4, 10.7b ± 1.0, 7.9b ± 0.7), oocytes at IVC (18.7a ± 0.8, 8.0b ± 0.5, 7.5b ± 0.4), cleaved embryos (15.4a ± 0.7, 4.6b ± 0.4, 4.4b ± 0.3),CR(81.8a, 59.1b, 62.3b), blastocysts on Day 7 (5.1a ± 0.6, 1.0b ± 0.2, 0.6b ± 0.1), BR (25.8a, 13.6b, 9.1b), and hatched blastocysts on Day 9 (2.6a ± 0.4, 0.3b ± 0.1, 0.3b ± 0.1). Recovery rate and HR were greater for NE (89.4 and 50.6%, respectively) than for HO (73.3 and 23.2%), but neither differed from BU (82.8 and 31.9%). Also, the percentage of viable was greater for NE (83.0) than for HO (66.9) and BU (53.1). No effects were observed for nuclei counting (NE = 176.6 ± 5.3, HO = 168.9 ± 13.7 and BU = 206.1 ± 23.1). Results demonstrate that Nelore had a better efficiency for IVP than Holstein and buffaloes. OPU performed at different times of synchronized follicular wave did not influence IVP, conversely to the initial hypothesis of this study. FAPESP (06/59550-6, 07/04782-2), Tortuga Cia Zootecnica®, Santa Adele and São Caetano Farms, LMMD, PCAPS, HOVET (Dr. Ubiraem Schalch), VRA, VNP (Prof. Dr. Francisco de Palma Rennó).

scholarly journals Clínica e hematologia de Bos indicus, Bos taurus e Bubalus bubalis inoculados com oocistos de Toxoplasma gondii (Apicomplexa: Toxoplasmatinae)

2001 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 621-626 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisco Carlos Rodrigues de Oliveira ◽  
Alvimar José da Costa ◽  
Gustavo Adolfo Sabatini
Keyword(s):  
Toxoplasma Gondii ◽  
Bos Taurus ◽  
Bos Indicus ◽  
Bubalus Bubalis

Três animais de cada espécie (Bos indicus, Bos taurus e Bubalus bubalis) foram inoculados, via oral, com 2,0 x 10(5) oocistos de Toxoplasma gondii. Seis outros animais, dois de cada espécie, foram mantidos como testemunhas. As alterações clínicas surgidas a partir do 3º dia após inoculação (DAI) foram: hipertermia, taquicardia, taquipnéia, anorexia, prostração, corrimento nasal e lacrimejamento. Estes sinais foram mais evidentes nos taurinos, espécie que apresentou, ainda, diarréia, fotofobia e conjuntivite. Foi possível isolar T. gondii da corrente sangüínea em todas as espécies. Nos taurinos, a partir do 5º DAI até o final do experimento, o parasito foi isolado de todas as amostras de sangue colhidas semanalmente, com exceção do 14º, 35º e 63º DAI. Os bubalinos apresentaram parasitemia no 7º, 14º, 35º e 70º DAI e os zebuínos apenas no 7º e 28º DAI, correspondendo aos picos de temperatura, em todas as espécies, sendo mais evidente em taurinos. Os parâmetros clínico-laboratoriais demonstraram que os taurinos foram mais sensíveis ao T. gondii do que os zebuínos e estes não diferiram significativamente dos bubalinos, que tiveram aparente normalidade clínico-laboratorial.

Enzymic Profile of the Semen of Bovines (Bubalus bubalis and Bos taurus)

2010 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 222-230 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. S. S. Abdou ◽  
M. M. El-Guindi ◽  
A. A. El-Menoufy ◽  
K. Zaki
Keyword(s):  
Bos Taurus ◽  
Bubalus Bubalis
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