Comparative Pollen Viability and Pollen Tube Growth of two Endemic Philippine Etlingera (Zingiberaceae, Alpinioideae)

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Pollen Tube ◽  
Pollen Tube Growth ◽  
Pollen Viability ◽  
Tube Growth ◽  
Additional Information ◽  
Greenish Yellow ◽  
Spheroidal Shape ◽  
Yellow Color ◽  
Inaperturate Pollen ◽  
Scanning Electron

The pollen viability and pollen tube growth of Etlingera dalican and Etlingera philippinensis (Zingiberaceae) were examined from fresh samples under the light microscope (LM) and scanning electron microscope (SEM). Pollen measurements were 68-75μm (E. dalican) and 60-65μm (E. philippinensis), having spheroidal shape for hydrated pollen and irregularly-shape for dry pollen for both species. E. dalican pollen has greenish-yellow color while that of E. philippinensis is greenish. Both species had inaperturate pollen but differ in their ornamentation which is gemmate in E. dalican while psilate in E. philippinensis. E. dalican has 88.56% pollen viability while E. philippinensis has only 40.69%. The rate of pollen tube growth was faster (17.75 μm per day) in E. dalican than E. philippinensis (8.17 μm per day). The possible pollinators observed for the two species were butterflies of the genus Catopsilia, ants and flies. Additional information on the inflorescence and flower description of the two species are herein presented.

Pollen–pistil interaction, pistil histology and seed production in A×B grain sorghum crosses under chilling field temperatures

2009 ◽  
Vol 148 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. E. CISNEROS-LÓPEZ ◽  
L. E. MENDOZA-ONOFRE ◽  
H. A. ZAVALETA-MANCERA ◽  
V. A. GONZÁLEZ-HERNÁNDEZ ◽  
G. MORA-AGUILERA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pollen Tube ◽  
Seed Production ◽  
Pollen Tube Growth ◽  
Pollen Germination ◽  
Vascular Tissue ◽  
Pollen Viability ◽  
Tube Growth ◽  
Male Sterile ◽  
Pollen Diameter

SUMMARYSix pairs of isogenic lines of sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench) were sown in field plots in Montecillo, State of México (2240 m altitude), in 2005 and 2006. Crosses A (♀)×B (♂) were done in each pair. In A-lines, the length of pistil, stigma, style and ovary, as well as the ovary width, were measured. In B-lines, pollen diameter, viability (cytoplasm density) and production were evaluated. Pollen germination and pollen tube growth in the pistils of the A-lines, were quantified in vivo with aniline blue and epifluorescence 18 h after pollination (HAP), while fertilized pistils were counted at 96 HAP. Histological studies on both pollinated and non-pollinated pistils were performed in one male-sterile line. Seed yield, mean-seed weight, seeds per panicle and seed set (SS; seeds/flower/panicle) were determined at harvest. Pollen viability was the variable most related to pollen germination and pollen tube growth. Stigma receptivity was not associated with its morphology. Growth of the pollen tube in stigma, style and ovary was observed in the transmitting tissue 18 HAP, running parallel to the vascular tissue. Yield under chilling field temperatures (minimum average of 6 and 8°C) prevailing during flower development and pollination ranged from 7 to 12 g/panicle. The differences in seed production and SS among A×B crosses did not depend on the amount and viability of pollen.

scholarly journals Pollen Viability and Vigor in Hybrid Southern Highbush Blueberries (Vaccinium corymbosum L. ×spp.)

HortScience ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 27 (5) ◽  
pp. 425-427 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gregory A. Lang ◽  
E. James Parrie
Keyword(s):  
Pollen Tube ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Pollen Tube Growth ◽  
Pollen Viability ◽  
Pollen Tubes ◽  
Vaccinium Corymbosum ◽  
Tube Growth ◽  
Multiple Pollen ◽  
Southern Highbush

Pollen from six southern highbush blueberry cultivars derived from Vaccinium corymbosum L. and one or more other species (V. darrowi Camp, V. ashei Reade, and V. angustifolium Aiton) was incubated on nutrient agar to determine tetrad viability, pollen tube growth rates, and incidence of multiple pollen tube germinations. `Avonblue' pollen had a significantly lower tetrad germination percentage than `Georgiagem', `Flordablue', `Sharpblue', `Gulfcoast', or `O'Neal', all of which had >90% viable tetrads. The in vitro growth rate of `O'Neal' pollen tubes was significantly higher than the growth rates of `Sharpblue' and `Georgiagem pollen tubes. Of those tetrads that were viable, more than two pollen tubes germinated from 83% and 91% of the `Gulfcoast' and `Sharpblue' tetrads, respectively, while only 11% of the `Flordablue' tetrads produced more than two pollen tubes. The total number of pollen tubes germinated per 100 tetrads ranged from 157 (`Flordablue') to 324 (`Sharpblue'), resulting in actual pollen grain viabilities ranging from 39% to 81%. Genetic differences in pollen vigor, as indicated by pollen viability, pollen tube growth rates, and multiple pollen tube germinations, may influence blueberry growers' success in optimizing the beneficial effects of cross-pollination on fruit development.

scholarly journals Reproductive barriers in cassava: Factors and implications for genetic improvement

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (11) ◽  
pp. e0260576
Author(s):  
Massaine Bandeira e Sousa ◽  
Luciano Rogerio Braatz de Andrade ◽  
Everton Hilo de Souza ◽  
Alfredo Augusto Cunha Alves ◽  
Eder Jorge de Oliveira
Keyword(s):  
Population Structure ◽  
Pollen Tube ◽  
Pollen Tube Growth ◽  
Pollen Viability ◽  
Pollen Grains ◽  
Tube Growth ◽  
Reproductive Barriers ◽  
Fertilization Rates ◽  
Flower Abortion ◽  
Hand Pollination

Cassava breeding is hampered by high flower abortion rates that prevent efficient recombination among promising clones. To better understand the factors causing flower abortion and propose strategies to overcome them, we 1) analyzed the reproductive barriers to intraspecific crossing, 2) evaluated pollen-pistil interactions to maximize hand pollination efficiency, and 3) identified the population structure of elite parental clones. From 2016 to 2018, the abortion and fertilization rates of 5,748 hand crossings involving 91 parents and 157 progenies were estimated. We used 16,300 single nucleotide polymorphism markers to study the parents’ population structure via discriminant analysis of principal components, and three clusters were identified. To test for male and female effects, we used a mixed model in which the environment (month and year) was fixed, while female and male (nested to female) were random effects. Regardless of the population structure, significant parental effects were identified for abortion and fertilization rates, suggesting the existence of reproductive barriers among certain cassava clones. Matching ability between cassava parents was significant for pollen grains that adhered to the stigma surface, germinated pollen grains, and the number of fertilized ovules. Non-additive genetic effects were important to the inheritance of these traits. Pollen viability and pollen-pistil interactions in cross- and self-pollination were also investigated to characterize pollen-stigma compatibility. Various events related to pollen tube growth dynamics indicated fertilization abnormalities. These abnormalities included the reticulated deposition of callose in the pollen tube, pollen tube growth cessation in a specific region of the stylet, and low pollen grain germination rate. Generally, pollen viability and stigma receptivity varied depending on the clone and flowering stage and were lost during flowering. This study provides novel insights into cassava reproduction that can assist in practical crossing and maximize the recombination of contrasting clones.

scholarly journals Assessment of Pollen Viability, Germination, and Tube Growth in Eight Tunisian Caprifig (Ficus carica L.) Cultivars

ISRN Agronomy ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Badii Gaaliche ◽  
Afifa Majdoub ◽  
Mehdi Trad ◽  
Messaoud Mars
Keyword(s):  
Pollen Tube ◽  
Pollen Tube Growth ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Pollen Viability ◽  
Tube Growth ◽  
Tube Length ◽  
Tetrazolium Chloride ◽  
North West ◽  
Ttc Test

The evaluation of pollen viability and its germination capacity are two essential criteria for pollinator’s characterization. This study was carried out to evaluate pollen quality of eight caprifigs grown in the center-east and north-west of Tunisia. Two colorimetric tests 2,3,5-triphenyl tetrazolium chloride (TTC) and acetocarmine were used to estimate pollen viability. Germination rate and pollen tube growth in a culture medium containing 5% sucrose, 5 ppm boric acid (H3BO3) and 1% agar were registered after 24, 48, and 72 hours (H) of incubation. Results showed that the highest pollen viability rate (84%) was obtained by TTC test in caprifig Assafri, followed by Jrani (80.2%), Djebba 2 (77.8%), and Djebba 1 (73.6%). That of other caprifigs did not exceed 50% for the two tests. In all caprifig types, germination rate and pollen tube growth varied according to the incubation period. The highest percentage of germination (72%) and maximum pollen tube length (960 μm) were recorded after 72 H of incubation in caprifigs Assafri and Jrani, respectively. Among the caprifigs studied, four types (Assafri, Jrani, Djebba 1, and Djebba 2) appeared to be suitable pollinators with respect to the criteria investigated.

scholarly journals Novel Metrics to Characterize In Vitro Pollen Tube Growth Performance of Apple Cultivars

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 1460
Author(s):  
Stefan Roeder ◽  
Sara Serra ◽  
Stefano Musacchi
Keyword(s):  
Decision Tree ◽  
Pollen Tube ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Pollen Tube Growth ◽  
Pollen Viability ◽  
Tube Growth ◽  
Tree Model ◽  
Apple Cultivars ◽  
Screening Trials

In vitro germination assays are frequently used in screening trials to evaluate the pollen viability of pollinizers. To be effective, screening trials must have defined threshold criteria, from which individuals can then be assessed. However, despite decades of research on pollen viability, no established threshold is available to categorize apple cultivars based on their in vitro pollen tube lengths. This study aimed to identify and characterize the subgroups of cultivars based on their pollen tube growth performance. In vitro pollen tube lengths of 41 individuals were determined by incubating samples on artificial germination media at 15 and 25 °C. A six-number summary statistic was calculated, and hierarchical clustering on principal component (HCPC) analysis was used to determine and characterize subgroups. Furthermore, a decision tree model was used to predict class membership for future datasets. HCPC analysis partitioned the 41 individuals into three subgroups with different performances. The decision tree quickly predicted the cluster membership based on the second quartile at 15 °C and the third quartile at 25 °C. The thresholds from the decision tree can be used to characterize new observations. The use of the methods will be demonstrated using a case study with 29 apple accessions.

scholarly journals Reproductive ecology of buzz-pollinated <i>Ouratea spectabilis</i> trees (Ochnaceae) in Brazilian Cerrados

Web Ecology ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Montesinos ◽  
P. Oliveira
Keyword(s):  
Pollen Tube ◽  
Pollen Tube Growth ◽  
Pollen Viability ◽  
Reproductive Ecology ◽  
Fruit Production ◽  
Tube Growth ◽  
Evolutionary Strategy ◽  
Interspecific Crosses ◽  
Pollination Syndrome ◽  
Self Pollination

Abstract. Ouratea spectabilis is a ubiquitous tree species in the Brazilian savannas, or Cerrados, where it plays an important ecological role. We studied its anthesis phenology, pollination biology, pollen viability, and pollen tube growth, and executed a set of intra- and interspecific experimental crosses to determine its mechanisms of incompatibility and reproductive ecology. The species presents a specialized buzz pollination syndrome and is served by a small array of specialized pollinator species. It is a mostly self-incompatible species, and although self-pollination is possible, it strongly reduces fertility, with reproductive outputs for hand self-pollination similar to those of interspecific crosses with the co-generic species O. hexasperma. Incompatibility with another commonly co-occurring co-generic species, O. floribunda, was complete, with a null fruit set, as occurred for the autonomous apomixis tests. Our pollen tube growth observations indicate that incompatibility occurs at the style, and is thus pre-zygotic. All three Ouratea species presented very high pollen viability. Manual pollen supplementation did not increase seed sets. Nevertheless, even after excess manual pollen supplementation, seed-to-ovule ratios were only 30%. Such limits are common in stressful environments, and fruit production for most Cerrado species is reported to be regularly under those levels. The apparent ubiquity of this fertility limit among Cerrado species poses interesting ecological questions, such as the role of environmental stress on reproduction and the potential overproduction of ovules as an evolutionary strategy to deal with seed predation – questions which deserve further research in the future.

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