The European External Action Service reviewed. (c2013)

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maarten van de Pavoordt
Keyword(s):  
External Action

Stress Variation in the Orthodontic Tipping Phenomenon Analysis through the finite element method

2018 ◽  
Vol 69 (8) ◽  
pp. 1992-1995
Author(s):  
Dan Dragos Sita ◽  
Ligia Brezeanu ◽  
Cristina Bica ◽  
Dana Manuc ◽  
Edwin Sever Bechir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element Method ◽  
Finite Element ◽  
Alveolar Bone ◽  
Complex Structure ◽  
External Action ◽  
The Finite Element Method ◽  
Stress Variation ◽  
Orthodontic Bracket ◽  
Method Analysis ◽  
Element Method

The purpose of the study is to assess through a FEM (Finite Element Method analysis), the behavior of a complex structure (enamel-tooth-alveolar bone-periodontal ligament-pulp), subjected to an external load through an orthodontic bracket-with forces of various intensities and to determine its influence on the entire structure.It is necessary to analyze the way all elements of the structure take over the external action given by the action of an orthodontic appliance through the brackets and the influence on the inner component -the pulp-inside of which there are the nerve endings.

Addressing threats: European foreign policy toward the Middle East since the European Security Strategy

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruth Hanau Santini
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Policy ◽  
Middle East ◽  
Qualitative Change ◽  
External Action ◽  
The European Union ◽  
European Security ◽  
Security Strategy ◽  
Regional Conflicts ◽  
Security Discourse ◽  
European Security Strategy

This paper looks at the qualitative change in the foreign policy discourse by the European Union towards the Middle East, as well as the EU’s overall degree of consistency between words and deeds. By looking at European Council Conclusions as well as General Affairs Council conclusions, it will be argued that on a discursive level the Union has taken stock of the emergence of new threats to its security, and has started shifting its attention from state failure and regional conflicts to the threats posed by terrorism and non-conventional proliferation. Secondly, by differentiating among three kinds of coherence, it will be shown that the main source of incoherence in the Union external action in the Middle East is not to be found in its institutional or horizontal dimensions, but in its vertical level, that is between the Union and member states. Examples will be provided in order to substantiate an overall claim: the EU security discourse might have changed; its policies however remain driven by the difficult balancing exercise between Brussels and national capitals.   Full text available at: https://doi.org/10.22215/rera.v3i2.184

The European Union and Diplomatic Law

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Graham Butler
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
External Action ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Second World War ◽  
First Century ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Nation States ◽  
Supranational Institutions ◽  
Second World ◽  
The Eu

Not long after the establishment of supranational institutions in the aftermath of the Second World War, the early incarnations of the European Union (EU) began conducting diplomacy. Today, EU Delegations (EUDs) exist throughout the world, operating similar to full-scale diplomatic missions. The Treaty of Lisbon established the legal underpinnings for the European External Action Service (EEAS) as the diplomatic arm of the EU. Yet within the international legal framework, EUDs remain second-class to the missions of nation States. The EU thus has to use alternative legal means to form diplomatic missions. This chapter explores the legal framework of EU diplomatic relations, but also asks whether traditional missions to which the VCDR regime applies, can still be said to serve the needs of diplomacy in the twenty-first century, when States are no longer the ultimate holders of sovereignty, or the only actors in international relations.

The Intergovernmental Constitution of the EU's Foreign, Security & Defence Executive

2011 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 453-480 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Thym
Keyword(s):  
Security Policy ◽  
External Action ◽  
Foreign Affairs ◽  
Executive Order ◽  
Policy Changes ◽  
Defence Policy ◽  
Foreign And Security Policy ◽  
Pillar Structure ◽  
The Eu

European Union – Common Foreign and Security Policy – Changes with the abolition of the pillar structure by the Lisbon Treaty – Common Security and Defence Policy – Executive order of the EU – Between supranationalism and intergovernmentalism – The role of the High Representative – Joint political leadership – The European External Action Service as an administrative infrastructure – Constitutionalisation of foreign affairs

Influence of External Action on the Internal Structure of Continuously Cast Slab Produced from Tube Steel

2021 ◽  
Vol 316 ◽  
pp. 468-472
Author(s):  
A.M. Stolyarov ◽  
Ye.A. Buneyeva ◽  
M.V. Potapova
Keyword(s):  
Internal Structure ◽  
Chemical Elements ◽  
External Action ◽  
Tube Steel ◽  
Work Piece ◽  
Large Radius ◽  
External Influence ◽  
Soft Reduction ◽  
Axial Part ◽  
Continuously Cast

The paper compares the internal structure of two continuously cast slabs with a section of 300 × 2600 mm from a tube steel of the strength class K60, one of which is molded with a soft reduction, and the other is without external influence. A comparative analysis of the structure of two templates showed that the location of areas with an increased metal pickle ness in the axial part of the templates varies. On the template from a slab cast without reduction, this section is below the geometric center of the work-piece in thickness, at a distance of 49.2% from the underside, that is, the "lower" asymmetry of the slab structure is observed. On the template from the slab cast off with soft reduction, the area with an increased pickle-ness is located above the middle of the work-piece: at a distance of 51.7% of the side of the large radius, an "upper" asymmetry of the slab structure is formed. Consequently, as a result of the external action on the cast work-piece, the location of the axial sponginess, relative to the geometric centre of the slab, is changed by moving from the lower to the upper half of the work-piece. The metal of the axial part of the reduced slab has a denser structure, the degree of development of axial looseness in the metallographic evaluation is reduced by an average of 0.5 points. The work shows the change in the content of chemical elements along the thickness of slabs. In the reduced metal, the maximum value of the degree of zonal inhomogeneity of the most impurities is higher than in the metal without external influence. This is explained by the fact that, as a result of reduction, the zone of location of the axial chemical heterogeneity in the slab becomes smaller in width.

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