scholarly journals Integrating Light-Weight Cryptography with Diacritics Arabic Text Steganography Improved for Practical Security Applications

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-30
Author(s):  
Malak G. Alkhudaydi ◽  
Adnan A. Gutub

Cryptography and steganography are combined to provide practical data security. This paper proposes integrating light-weight cryptography with improved Arabic text steganography for optimizing security applications. It uses light-weight cryptography to cope with current limited device capabilities, to provide acceptable required security. The work tests hiding encrypted secret information within Arabic stego-cover texts, using all common diacritics found naturally in the Arabic language. The study considers different challenging situations and scenarios in order to evaluate security practicality. It further carries out simulations on some short texts from the Holy Quran, taking them as standard authentic texts, that are fixed and trusted, therefore providing realistic study feedback that is worth monitoring. Our improved approach features preferred capacity and security, surpassing the best previous diacritics stego approach, showing interesting potential results for attractive enlightening exploration to come.

Author(s):  
Huda Kadhim Tayyeh ◽  
Mohammed Salih Mahdi ◽  
Ahmed Sabah Ahmed AL-Jumaili

<p>With the rapid growth of the Internet and mobile devices, the need for hidden communications has significantly increased. Steganography is a technique introduced for establishing hidden communication, Most steganography techniques have been applied to audio, images, videos, and text. Many researchers used steganography in Arabic texts to take advantage of adding, editing or changing letters or diacritics, but lead to notable and suspicious text. In this paper, we propose two novel steganography algorithms for Arabic text using the Holy Quran as cover text. The fact that it is forbidden to add, edit or change any letter or diacritics in the Holy Quran provides the valuable feature of its robustness and difficulty as a cover in steganography. The algorithms hide secret messages elements within Arabic letters benefiting from the existence of sun letters (Arabic: ḥurūf shamsīyah) and moon letters (ḥurūf qamarīyah). Also, we consider the existence of some Arabic language characteristics represented as small vowel letters (Arabic Diacritics). Our experiments using the proposed two algorithms demonstrate high capacity for text files. The proposed algorithms are robust against attack since the changes in the cover text are imperceptible, so our contribution offers a more secure algorithm that provides good capacity.</p>


2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (15) ◽  
pp. 6851
Author(s):  
Reema Thabit ◽  
Nur Izura Udzir ◽  
Sharifah Md Yasin ◽  
Aziah Asmawi ◽  
Nuur Alifah Roslan ◽  
...  

Protecting sensitive information transmitted via public channels is a significant issue faced by governments, militaries, organizations, and individuals. Steganography protects the secret information by concealing it in a transferred object such as video, audio, image, text, network, or DNA. As text uses low bandwidth, it is commonly used by Internet users in their daily activities, resulting a vast amount of text messages sent daily as social media posts and documents. Accordingly, text is the ideal object to be used in steganography, since hiding a secret message in a text makes it difficult for the attacker to detect the hidden message among the massive text content on the Internet. Language’s characteristics are utilized in text steganography. Despite the richness of the Arabic language in linguistic characteristics, only a few studies have been conducted in Arabic text steganography. To draw further attention to Arabic text steganography prospects, this paper reviews the classifications of these methods from its inception. For analysis, this paper presents a comprehensive study based on the key evaluation criteria (i.e., capacity, invisibility, robustness, and security). It opens new areas for further research based on the trends in this field.


Author(s):  
ISSRAQ BIN RAMLI ◽  
MOHD ZAKI ABD. RAHMAN

Terdapat banyak modul sebutan berada di pasaran yang memperkenalkan teknik pembelajaran dan pengajaran sebutan al-Quran al-Karim dan bahasa Arab. Ada yang menggunakan kaedah klasik, moden dan ada juga yang menggunakan kedua-dua kaedah secara komprehensif. Namun, amat sedikit kita lihat kaedah yang dapat memperbaiki sebutan dan menumpukan secara khusus teknik kepada pelajar bukan Arab. Sering kali diperkatakan tentang masalah sebutan pelajar Sabah tanpa membuat kajian secara terperinci dan ilmiah. Justeru, kajian ini dibuat untuk melihat masalah sebenar sebutan bunyi bahasa Arab pelajar Sabah dan seterusnya mengaplikasikan teori Mahjub (1993) untuk memperbaiki masalah sebutan bahasa Arab. Kajian ini dilakukan di sebuah sekolah menengah kebangsaan di Kota Kinabalu yang responden kajiannya ialah pelajar sekolah tingkatan empat. Objektif kajian adalah untuk mengenal pasti secara ilmiah permasalahan sebutan dalam kalangan pelajar Sabah dan mengaplikasi kaedah fonetik Mahjub, seterusnya melihat keberkesanan modul Mahjub sebagai instrumen terbaik memperbaiki sebutan pelajar Sabah. Kajian kualitatif ini menggunakan huruf-huruf konsonan yang sukar bagi pelajar asing yang dibuat oleh Mahjub (1993) yang menggunakan modul yang digunakan untuk memperbaiki sebutan Arab pelajar asing. Terdapat tiga langkah utama dalam kajian ini, iaitu rakaman ujian pertama (U1) sebagai sebutan bahasa Arab terkini pelajar Sabah, kemudian langkah kedua melaksanakan PdP berdasarkan PdP Mahjub dan langkah yang ketiga membuat rakaman ujian kedua (U2) untuk melihat keberhasilan teori Mahjub dalam memperbaiki sebutan pelajar Sabah. Hasil Kajian menunjukkan nilai yang sangat signifikan antara U1 dan U2. Daripada sembilan huruf yang diuji itu, konsonan ‘Ayn [ع] paling baik disebut oleh pelajar dan huruf Dad [ض] paling sukar disebut dalam U1. Dalam U2, huruf Ta’ [ط] paling sukar disebut dan huruf Sad [ص] paling mudah disebut. Dalam U1 Fathaṯ paling tinggi skor dengan 68.2 berbanding Sukun yang mempunyai skor paling rendah dengan 33.3. Secara puratanya, dalam U1 pelajar atau responden hanya mendapat purata sekitar 55 skor min bagi Dammaṯ dan Kasraṯ. Namun, pada U2 peningkatan masing-masing Dammaṯ dan Kasraṯ. mendapat skor yang hampir sama, iaitu 77.9 dan 76.9. Data menunjukkan bahawa Sukun paling bermasalah kepada responden dalam sebutan. Begitu juga terdapat perubahan yang signifikan dalam ujian kedudukan Fathaṯ, Dammaṯ dan Kasraṯ dari U1 kepada U2. Kajian menunjukkan bahawa teori Mahjub ini berhasil memperbaiki masalah sebutan dalam kalangan pelajar Sabah dan memberikan satu alternatif untuk diaplikasi dalam PdP pelajar dan membuka ruang kepada penulis lain untuk memanjangkan kajian pada masa akan datang. There are many modules/methods available in the market to introduce the techniques of learning and teaching the Holy Quran and the Arabic language. There are classical and modern methods in teaching the Holy Quran, and some might combine both classical and modern to help students to learn the Holy Quran. But there are only few methods which can really help to improve the pronunciation of Arabic especially among the non-Arab students who learn Arabic as a second language. This pronunciation problem is often discussed by the Arabic teachers but there are lack of proper studies to overcome this problem. Therefore, this study aims to identify specifically the pronunciation problem and to measure if the Maḥjub Theory can be applied to help in overcoming it. This study was conducted in a secondary school in Kota Kinabalu. The respondents were all Form 4 students. This qualitative study used the Maḥjub Module (1993) to rectify consonant letters that are difficult to pronounce by the Sabahan students. This study has undergone three phrases. The first phrase is U1 where the pre-test is carried out to evaluate the current capability of the respondents. The second phrase applied the Maḥjub Method in the PdP. The third phrase is U2 where the post-test was carried out after the Maḥjub Method was applied to the respondents. This study showed significant value between U1 and U2. Nine consonant letters were tested in this study. In U1, ‘Ayn [ع]was the easiest to pronounce and Dad [ض] was the most difficult to pronounce by the respondents. In U2, Ta’ [ط] was the hardest to pronounce and Sad [ص] was the easiet. In U1, Fathaṯ was the highest with 68.2 score as compared to Sukun with 33.3 score. Overall, respondents scored a mean of 55 for Dammaṯ and Kasraṯ in U1. However, in U2, Dammaṯ and Kasraṯ showed very close score as of 77.9 and 76.9. The data also showed that Sukun is the hardest part for the respondents.This study had proved that the Maḥjub Method is enabled to enhance and improve the difficulty in pronunciation among the students in Sabah. Therefore, the Mahjub Method gives educators an alternative approach to apply in their teaching and also other researchers for ideas to carry out future research in this field.


ALSINATUNA ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 192
Author(s):  
Ulin Nuha

Nahwu was the basic science for understanding the Arabic language especially the holy Quran. There were many investigations of grammatical character. The controversy arises between the scholar interpretation because of this grammatical character. And from this grammatical character, the author want to look at huruf 'athaf and their meanings to the degree of education in surah Luqman 12-19. The author used the library research. The problems were considered ini terms of normative aspect to teach the order of huruf 'athaf in surah Luqman 12-19. He analyzed all the data in a descriptive way and he describe what was mentioned in surah Luqman 12-19. This is also inductive method. In the verses 12-19, There were waw 'athifah used for the unification, fa' 'athifah used for the arrangement and the time limit, summa 'athifah used for the arrangement, au 'athifah used for detail. This research found the teaching method and teaching material with its gradation from Luqman for developing students learning.


2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 80-93
Author(s):  
Hafiz Muhammad Altaf ◽  
Khaliq Dad Mailik

Morphology is a salient lingual skill that improves the vocabulary of ‎learners and students; especially in Arabic language it teaches a very technical skill ‎to make new words from one root word. With the help of it a ‎student and a learner can easily know the mutual connection of two or more words ‎according to root word. Due to this significance, Muafassireen emphasized upon Morphology in their documentaries of the Holy Quran. Keeping it in view, Sheikh Hasan bin Ahmad discussed ‎many words in the light of morphology and derivation. In this research we present some examples of Morphological uses from his Tafseer. Furthermore, we will analyze and criticize those words and provide references. This work is an evidence of great and appreciable contribution of our ‎ancestors in Arabic studies.


2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 493-500
Author(s):  
Roshidi Din ◽  
Reema Ahmed Thabit ◽  
Nur Izura Udzir ◽  
Sunariya Utama

The enormous development in the utilization of the Internet has driven by a continuous improvement in the region of security. The enhancement of the security embedded techniques is applied to save the intellectual property. There are numerous types of security mechanisms. Steganography is the art and science of concealing secret information inside a cover media such as image, audio, video and text, without drawing any suspicion to the eavesdropper. The text is ideal for steganography due to its ubiquity. There are many steganography embedded techniques used Arabic language to embed the hidden message in the cover text. Kashida, Shifting Point and Sharp-edges are the three Arabic steganography embedded techniques with high capacity. However, these three techniques have lack of performance to embed the hidden message into the cover text. This paper present about traid-bit method by integrating these three Arabic text steganography embedded techniques. It is an effective way to evaluate many embedded techniques at the same time, and introduced one solution for various cases.


2009 ◽  
Vol 4 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdul Mohsin Al-Qisi

This article seeks to discuss the virtues of the Quran on Arabic language. The language of the Holy Quran is of utmost sophistication and unsurpassed by human wisdom. To prove this, Allah has challenged human beings to produce just one verse of the same standing of the verses contained in the holy book. The Holy Quran has expanded the usage of the Arabic language beyond the boundary of the Arab Peninsular. Arabic has become a formal language in many non-Arab nations and it could not have been spread without Islam. It has also become the universal language of Islam through the virtues of Quran. Many languages have disappeared after some times, but Arabic language has managed to survive until today because of the Holy Quran. This article has clarified two important things. First, the miracle of the words of the Holy Quran that indicate rationality and second, the Quran has defended successfully its way of life and message. It is also very argumentative in addressing the unbelievers.


Author(s):  
Amir Adel Mabrouk Eldeib, Moulay Ibrahim El- Khalil Ghembaza

The science of diacritical marks is closely related to the Holy Quran, as it was used in the Quran to remove confusion and error from the pronunciation of the reader, so the introduction of any technique in the process of processing Quranic texts will have an effect on facilitating the tasks of researchers in the field of Quranic studies, whether on the reader of the Quran, to help him read accurate and correct recitation, or on the tutor to help him compile a number of examples appropriate for training. The importance of this research lies in employing automated text- processing algorithms to determine the locations of the Nunation vowelization types in the Holy Quran, and the possibility of their computerizing in order to facilitate the accurate recitation of the Holy Quran and, at the same time, to collect training examples in a database or building a corpus for future use in many research and software applications for the Holy Quran and its sciences. This research aims to present a new idea through the proposition of a framework architecture that identifies and discover automatically the locations and types of the Nunation in the Holy Quran based on the part- of- speech tagging algorithm for Arabic language so as to determine the type of words, and then by using a knowledge base to discover the appropriate Nunation words and their locations, and finally discovering the type of Nunation so as to determine the vowelization of the last letter of each Nunation word according to the Quran diacritical marks science. Furthermore, another benefit is to link searching processes with Quranic texts towards extracting the composition Nunation and the sequence Nunations in the Holy Quran emerges from the science of Quran diacritical marks; and display them as data according to a set of options selected by the user through suitable applications interfaces. The basic elements that the results of searching Quranic texts should display are highlighted, in order to extract the positions and types of Nunation vowelizations. As well as, a template for the results of searching all types of Nunation in a specific Quranic Chapter is given, with several possible options to retrieve all data in detail.


Author(s):  
Ali Bin Ahmad

Method of negation is the linguistic phenomenon common in Arabic language; therefore, many tools, and varied manifestations. Ancient grammarians differed in the interpretation of this phenomenon and develop its provisions; because they did not relate the linguistic reality interpreted in Arabic, but simply described the level of compositional construction. This search is a modest attempt to explore the phenomenon of negative structures. Through the dialectal dimension and semantic dimension; and all this in the light of Koranic readings and Arabic poetry. Also we want to emphasize the important relationship between the grammar lesson and dialectal lesson and Koranic readings in order to reach a sound directed toward me and away from the arbitrariness of some grammarians.


Author(s):  
Aliya Akram

Arabic Language being the most significant among the Semitic Languages, is still growing due to its dynamic nature, letters are added to the tri-literal root verbs (الفعل الثلاثي المجرد) to increase the different aspects of meanings to original verbs. This increase may be in the form of Prefixes, Suffixes, and infixes and their meaning can be changed from transitive to intransitive. This article handles such transitions in the form of the verbs and its effects on the Meaning of the verbs in the Holy Quran. Hamza is among the additions that follow the verb and make it more transgressive. The form ((أفعل  is made by prefixing hamza (أ) with Fatha to the root form (فعل), for example: خرج - To go out                                         أخرج          - To drive out نزل - To descend                                     أنزل           - To bring out ﴿و بالحق انزلنٰه و بالحق نزلؕ﴾ (سورة الإسراء – ١٠٥)  


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