scholarly journals Multidisciplinary intervention for reducing malnutrition among children in the Islamic Republic of Iran

2004 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 844-852 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Sheikholeslam ◽  
M. Kimiagar ◽  
F. Siasi ◽  
Z. Abdollahi ◽  
A. Jazayeri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Protein Energy Malnutrition ◽  
Literacy Education ◽  
Growth Monitoring ◽  
Islamic Republic ◽  
Multidisciplinary Intervention ◽  
Protein Energy ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Islamic Republic Of Iran ◽  
Mixed Pattern

A multidisciplinary intervention to reduce protein-energy malnutrition among children in rural areas was piloted in 3 provinces of the Islamic Republic of Iran. Based on an initial situation analysis, a range of interventions were implemented through local nongovernmental organizations, including nutrition, health and literacy education for mothers, improved growth monitoring and fostering rural cooperatives and income generation schemes. Malnutrition before and after the intervention [in 1996 and 1999] was assessed using anthropometric measurements of r and om samples of children aged 6-35 months in control and intervention areas. Three years into the intervention, all indicators of malnutrition had consistently decreased in all intervention areas and the prevalence of underweight and stunting was significantly lower. Control areas showed a mixed pattern of small increases and decreases in malnutrition indicators

scholarly journals Community-based nutritional intervention for reducing malnutrition among children under 5 years of age in the Islamic Republic of Iran

2000 ◽  
Vol 6 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 238-245
Author(s):  
H. Malekafzali
Keyword(s):  
Protein Energy Malnutrition ◽  
Nutritional Intervention ◽  
Primary Health Care System ◽  
Growth Monitoring ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Protein Energy ◽  
Feeding Methods ◽  
Islamic Republic Of Iran ◽  
Practical Instruction ◽  
Children Under 5

A project was conducted in a rural area in September 1994 with the aim of decreasing the incidence of protein-energy malnutrition among children under 5 years, by nutritional intervention through the primary health care system. An initial situation analysis revealed the region’s resources and causes of malnutrition. Practical instruction on feeding methods, deworming, environmental sanitation, the promotion of home-grown vegetables and reinforcement of the growth monitoring programme were chosen as the routes for intervention. All indices were reassessed in the region after 1 year. Results showed that nutritional awareness had grown among mothers, and that the incidence of malnutrition had dropped from 6.5% to 1.8%, as measured against the weight-for-height index

scholarly journals Composition and nutritional value of traditional rural Iranian foods

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 261-267
Author(s):  
M. Azar ◽  
A. Aminpour
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Calcium Content ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Islamic Republic ◽  
Protein Energy ◽  
Central Regions ◽  
Islamic Republic Of Iran ◽  
Very High

There are a limited number of studies available on the composition and nutritional value of traditional rural foods in the Islamic Republic of Iran. In this study, an attempt was made to collect information on these foods through a questionnaire by health workers in rural areas of northern, southern, eastern, western and central regions of the country. A total of 24 traditional rural foods and composite dishes were identified. Eshkeneh-daneh and ab-baneh contained high energy and protein contents among plant and mixed [plant and animal] foods, respectively. Their energy density and protein-energy ratio were very high. The calcium content was relatively high in ab-baneh, but the iron content rather low in both. Melon seed in eshkeneh-daneh and local nuts in ab-baneh were the main ingredients in these composite dishes

scholarly journals Psychiatry in Iran

2005 ◽  
Vol 2 (10) ◽  
pp. 10-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Majid Sadeghi ◽  
Gholamreza Mirsepassi
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Persian Gulf ◽  
Population Growth Rate ◽  
Total Population ◽  
Islamic Republic ◽  
Land Area ◽  
The Caspian Sea ◽  
Islamic Republic Of Iran ◽  
The Persian Gulf

The Islamic Republic of Iran is located in the Middle East between the Caspian Sea and the Persian Gulf. Iran's total land area is 1 648 000 km2. Its total population in 2003 was about 68 920 000 (UNICEF, 2003). The population growth rate is 1.41%. Of the total population, 60.4% live in urban and 39.6% in rural areas (Yasamy et al, 2001).

A Study on Under Five Nutritional Status and its Determinants in a Semi-Rural Community of Ile-Ife, Osun State, Nigeria

2003 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
E.O. Ojofeitimi ◽  
O.O. Owolabi ◽  
A. Aderonmu ◽  
A.O. Esimai ◽  
S.O.H. Olasanmi
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Rural Community ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Protein Energy Malnutrition ◽  
Growth Monitoring ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Rural And Urban Areas ◽  
Protein Energy ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Nutritional Status Of Children

Ten variables were assessed as they influence the under five (U5) nutritional status of children at Oranfe, a semi-rural community in Ife East Local Government Area of Osun state, Nigeria. The two types of protein energy malnutrition (PEM) that are prevalent in the community are stunting and wasting. Of the 230 children assessed using Waterlow's technique, 23% and 22.6% were stunted and wasted respectively. The results confirmed that mothers' educational level, age, parity, types of family and children's immunization status and age are some of the key determinants of nutritional status of U5 children. The intensification of exclusive breast feeding, female education, a compulsory food demonstration unit in all health centres, use of complementary feeds from 7 months upwards, growth monitoring and promotion are some of the strategies to reduce the high prevalence of PEM in both rural and urban areas of developing countries.

scholarly journals Impact of nutritional rehabilitation on enzymatic antioxidant levels in protein energy malnutrition

2002 ◽  
Vol 8 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 290-297
Author(s):  
S. Y. Shaaban
Keyword(s):  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Glutathione Peroxidase ◽  
Protein Energy Malnutrition ◽  
Enzymatic Antioxidants ◽  
Nutritional Rehabilitation ◽  
Protein Energy ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Nutrition Rehabilitation ◽  
Laboratory Investigations

To assess the role of enzymatic antioxidants in the pathogenesis of protein energy malnutrition [PEM] and the effect of nutritional rehabilitation, we studied 30 infants with PEM [mean age 10.63 +/- 4.39 months: 10 marasmic; 8 with kwashiorkor; 12 with marasmic kwashiorkor] and 15 controls. All underwent clinical examination and laboratory investigations, including superoxide dismutase [SOD] and glutathione peroxidase [GPx] estimation before and after nutrition rehabilitation. SOD and GPx were significantly lower in all malnourished infants compared to controls, and significantly increased after nutritional rehabilitation. These significant correlations suggest that antioxidants could be introduced during PEM nutritional rehabilitation to decrease morbidity and mortality.

scholarly journals Nutritional status changes in children with malignant solid tumor before and after chemotherapy

2016 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
pp. 166
Author(s):  
Boris Januar ◽  
Sri S Nasar ◽  
Rulina Suradi ◽  
Maria Abdulsalam
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Serum Albumin ◽  
Solid Tumors ◽  
Protein Energy Malnutrition ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Albumin Level ◽  
Level Measurement ◽  
Protein Energy ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Malignant Solid Tumor

Background Although aggressive multimodal treatment programsin childhood cancer have significantly increased survival rates, themorbidity caused by protein energy malnutrition related to therapyis still high.Objective To describe nutritional status changes in children withmalignant solid tumors after 21 days of chemotherapy.Methods A descriptive prospective study with pre- and post-testdesign in children with malignant solid tumors was conducted inthe Department of Child Health, Medical School University of In-donesia/Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta between Janu-ary and July 2004. Anthropometrics (body weight, BW and mid-upper-arm circumference, MUAC) and serum albumin measure-ments were performed before and after 21 days of chemotherapy.Results Twenty-two children were enrolled in this study. After 21days of chemotherapy, 8 children had decreased BW and 6 chil-dren had decreased MUAC, but 3 children gained weight and hadincreased MUAC. Based on MUAC-for-age, 7 children had de-creased nutritional status. Fifteen children had reduced serum al-bumin levels based on a 10% cut-off point. The number of childrenwho had reduced serum albumin was larger than those who hadreduced BW and MUAC. In the evaluation of average oral foodconsumption during 21 days, 7 out of 16 children could acceptmore than 2/3 portion of served food. All of the children who re-ceived enteral feeding could accept more than 2/3 portion of servedfood.Conclusion There was a decrease of nutritional status, BW,MUAC, and serum albumin in most of the subjects after chemo-therapy. Serum albumin level measurement was the more sensi-tive parameter in determining nutritional status changes. Enteralfeeding seems more appropriate to fulfill nutritional needs than oralfeeding

scholarly journals Prevalence and Associated Factors for Protein Energy Malnutrition Among Children Below 5 Years Admitted at Jinja Regional Referral Hospital, Uganda

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Safiu Adewale SUBERU ◽  
Leila Aweis MAALIM ◽  
Saheed Adekunle AKINOLA ◽  
Yusuf Olusola FASEUN
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Protein Energy Malnutrition ◽  
Case Fatality ◽  
Referral Hospital ◽  
Poverty Level ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Regional Referral Hospital ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Protein Energy

Abstract Background Undernutrition immensely contribute to the death of almost half of the children under 5 years, translating into the loss of about 3 million young lives a year. In developing countries, penultimate to hunger that constitute to the death of most children, Protein Energy Malnutrition (PEM) amongst other factors account for the death of 49% of children below the age of five. Due to incessant increase in poverty level in Uganda, Jinja District five-year development plan of 2011 was designed to curb menace posed by malnutrition not only on children but also adults in this district. The objective of this study is to assess the prevalence and factors associated with PEM among under-fives admitted in the paediatric wards of Jinja Regional Referral Hospital (JRRH). Methods To carry out this study, a descriptive questionnaire-based and facility-based cross-sectional study design was used which will apply both qualitative and quantitative approaches. The study involved a sample size of 364 with the study population being under-fives admitted in the paediatric wards of JRRH between March and August 2019.Results Results of this study shows that 52 out of 364 admissions were due to PEM giving a prevalence of 14.29%, males being affected more than females, with suboptimal immunization history. Children aged between 12 – 24 months contributed the highest (34.62%) cases of PEM and most are living in rural areas with low family socio-economic status and poor breastfeeding and feeding practices. The under-five PEM case-fatality rate was 2% (1 out of 52). Conclusion In conclusion, both the prevalence and case fatality rates of under-five PEM were high, calling for appropriate interventions based on the associated factors.

Protein Turnover, Synthesis and Breakdown before and after Recovery from Protein-Energy Malnutrition

1977 ◽  
Vol 53 (5) ◽  
pp. 473-477 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. H. N. Golden ◽  
J. C. Waterlow ◽  
D. Picou
Keyword(s):  
Protein Turnover ◽  
Protein Intake ◽  
Protein Energy Malnutrition ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Protein Breakdown ◽  
Malnourished Children ◽  
Protein Energy ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Before And After ◽  
15N Urea

1. Rates of total protein turnover, synthesis and breakdown were measured in five children before and after recovery from severe protein-energy malnutrition and while receiving 0·6 g of protein and 397 kJ day−1 kg−1. 2. These rates were calculated after giving doses of [15N]glycine every 2 h along with the feeds and measuring the rate of excretion of [15N]urea in urine. 3. Malnourished children had significantly lower rates of protein turnover, synthesis and breakdown than after they had recovered. 4. During recovery from protein-energy malnutrition, two children on a daily intake of 1·2 g of protein and 605 J/kg body weight, had rates of protein turnover, synthesis and breakdown that were twice as great as those found on admission and higher than after recovery. 5. On the study diet the malnourished children maintained their weight while the recovered children lost weight; the apparent nitrogen balance was more positive in the malnourished children. 6. In recovered children, the rate of protein synthesis was unchanged over a wide range of protein intake, whereas the rate of protein breakdown appeared to rise with a reduction in protein intake.

Mothers' Beliefs and Attitudes Towards Child Weight, Child Feeding and Related Practices in Myanmar

2003 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 231-254 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tin-Maung Chit ◽  
Hla Kyi ◽  
Aye Thwin
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Protein Energy Malnutrition ◽  
Monitoring Program ◽  
Feeding Practices ◽  
Malnourished Child ◽  
Health Staff ◽  
Growth Monitoring ◽  
Child Feeding ◽  
Child Weight ◽  
Protein Energy

The aim is to identify mother's attitude and concern regarding child weight and feeding practices and also to explore the importance of growth monitoring activity in preventing Protein, Energy, Malnutrition (PEM). Trained interviewers from the respective State/Division nutrition team interviewed ninety mothers from different areas and Divisions. Mothers were categorized into three groups of thirty: those with a well-nourished child, a malnourished child or a child who had died of infectious disease. 90% of well-nourished children were weighed at birth and 100% of them had received regular weighing. 89% of their mothers could identify their child birth weight as normal and all of them know the negative health consequences of Low Birth Weight. Regarding attitude towards feeding during illness, most mothers of a well-nourished child believe that feeding during illness is better for recovery. That proportion is high as twice as of the remaining groups. Data regarding child feeding practices show mothers of a well nourished child have timely and appropriate starting of these practices. It is inferred from the recent finding that mothers who had received growth monitoring program since delivery have better preventive behavior for PEM and the role of basic health staff in these activity is also acknowledged.

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