scholarly journals Contraception continuation rates and reasons for discontinuation in Zahedan, Islamic Republic of Iran

2004 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 260-267 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Rakhshani ◽  
M. Mohammadi
Keyword(s):  
Medroxyprogesterone Acetate ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Health Centre ◽  
First Year ◽  
Islamic Republic ◽  
Intrauterine Devices ◽  
Kaplan Meier ◽  
Islamic Republic Of Iran ◽  
Continuation Rates

Wevaluated contraception continuation rates and discontinuation reasons in Zahedan among 1741 women from 1998-2000. By Kaplan-Meier technique continuation rates were 92% for low dose combined hormonal oral contraceptives [OC], 86% for a levonorgestrel-releasing implant, 82% for intrauterine devices [IUD] and 53% for medroxyprogesterone acetate at the first year. After 3 years, continuation was 78% for levonorgestrel implant, 70% for OC, 60% for IUD and 44% for medroxyprogesterone acetate. The commonest reason for discontinuing OC and medroxyprogesterone acetate was changing method; for IUD and levonorgestrel-releasing implant, the commonest reason was side-effects. By Cox regression model, continuation rate and contraceptive type were significantly related to health centre

P6157Indexed coronary volume - A potential novel low-dose CCTA derived predictor for cardiovascular events

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
G Benetos ◽  
M Goncalves ◽  
E Von Felten ◽  
G Rampidis ◽  
O Clerc ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Events ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Calcium Score ◽  
Kaplan Meier ◽  
Lv Mass ◽  
Traditional Risk Factors ◽  
Artery Disease

Abstract Background Coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA) provides incremental prognostic information over traditional risk factors in patients with suspected coronary artery disease. However, little is known about the long-term predictive performance of CCTA-derived coronary volumes and mid-diastolic left ventricular (LV) mass. Purpose To assess long-term prognostic value of coronary volumes and mid-diastolic LV mass as novel potential imaging predictors derived from low-dose prospectively ECG-triggered CCTA. Methods Consecutive patients with suspected or known coronary artery disease, referred for low-dose CCTA, were included. Patients with previous revascularization were excluded. The following parameters were evaluated: calcium score, segment involvement score (SIS: 1 point for each coronary segment with presence of plaque), coronary volume, mid-diastolic LV mass and coronary volume indexed to LV mass. Major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) were defined as all-cause death, non-fatal myocardial infarction and revascularization (PCI or CABG). The association between CCTA measures and the occurrence of events was quantified using cox regression hazard and Kaplan Meier analysis. Results A total of 147 consecutive patients were included in the study. Of them, 93 (63.3%) were male and 79 (53.7%) hat one or more traditional cardiovascular risk factors. There was a weak but statistical significant inverse correlation between indexed coronary volume and both calcium score (R=-0.3, p=0.01) and SIS (R=-0.24, p=0.005). After a median follow-up of 5.8 years 30 MACE occurred in 25 patients, including 3 deaths, 26 revascularizations and 1 non-fatal myocardial infarction. In univariate cox regression hazard analysis calcium score (HR=12.69, 95% CI 2.99–53.83, p<0.001), SIS (HR=1.66, 95% CI 1.43–1.94, p<0.001), LV mass (HR=1.02, 95% CI 1.01–1.03, p=0.007) and indexed coronary volume (HR=0.89, 95% 0.82–0.96, p=0.004) were associated with outcome. In multivariate analysis, indexed coronary volume, remained an independent predictor for MACE when adjusted for traditional risk factors and SIS (HR=0.93, 95% CI 0.87–1.00, p=0.05), while LV mass did not reach statistical significance (p=0.46). By ROC curve analysis, a value of 21.85 mm3/gr was defined as optimal cutoff for indexed coronary volume. In Kaplan Meier plots, patients with low indexed coronary volume (<21.85 mm3/gr) showed higher event rates (log rank p<0.001) compared to high indexed coronary volume (≥21.85 mm3/gr). Conclusions Indexed coronary volume, derived from low-dose CCTA, independently predicts cardiovascular events. Larger studies are mandated to confirm the predictive value of this potential new biomarker.

scholarly journals The impact of depression on survival of Parkinson's disease patients: a five-year study

2013 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 8-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cláudia Débora Silberman ◽  
Cláudia Soares Rodrigues ◽  
Eliasz Engelhardt ◽  
Jerson Laks
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Rank Test ◽  
First Year ◽  
Kaplan Meier ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Mean Time

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study is to evaluate the survival rate in a cohort of Parkinson's disease patients with and without depression. METHODS: A total of 53 Parkinson's disease subjects were followed up from 2003-2008 and 21 were diagnosed as depressed. Mean time of follow up was 3.8 (SD 95% = 1.5) years for all the sample and there was no significant difference in mean time of follow up between depressed and nondepressed Parkinson's disease patients. Survival curves rates were fitted using the Kaplan-Meier method. In order to compare survival probabilities according to the selected covariables the Log-Rank test was used. Multivariate analysis with Cox regression was performed aiming at estimating the effect of predictive covariables on the survival. RESULTS: The cumulative global survival of this sample was 83% with nine deaths at the end of the study - five in the depressed and four in the nondepressed group, and 55.6% died in the first year of observation, and none died at the fourth and fifth year of follow up. CONCLUSION: Our finding point toward incremental death risk in depressed Parkinson's disease patients.

scholarly journals Five Years Outcomes and Predictors of Events in a Single-Center Cohort of Patients Treated with Bioresorbable Coronary Vascular Scaffolds

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 847
Author(s):  
Remzi Anadol ◽  
Annika Mühlenhaus ◽  
Ann-Kristin Trieb ◽  
Alberto Polimeni ◽  
Thomas Münzel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Events ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Target Lesion ◽  
Outcome Data ◽  
First Year ◽  
Cox Regression Analysis ◽  
Kaplan Meier ◽  
Scaffold Thrombosis ◽  
Vascular Scaffolds ◽  
Target Lesion Failure

Introduction: We report outcome data of patients treated with coronary bioresorbable scaffolds up to 5 years and investigate predictors of adverse events. Methods: Consecutive patients treated with at least one coronary bioresorbable scaffold (BRS, Abbott Vascular, Santa Clara, USA) between May 2012 and May 2014 in our center were enrolled. Clinical/procedural characteristics and outcome data at 1868 (1641–2024) days were collected. The incidence of scaffold thrombosis (ScT), restenosis (ScR), and target lesion failure (TLF) and their predictors were investigated using Kaplan–Meier and Cox regression analysis. Results: 512 consecutive patients and 598 lesions were included in the database. A total of 30 ScT, 42 ScR, and 92 TLF were reported. The rate of ScT was 3.6% in the first year, 2.2% in the second–third year, and 0.6% in the fourth–fifth year after implantation. The corresponding rates of ScR were 2.5%, 5.7%, and 1.1%. The corresponding incidence of TLF was 8.8%, 8.0%, 3.8%. Procedural parameters (vessel size, scaffold footprint) and the technique used at implantation (including predilation, parameters of sizing, and postdilation) were predictors of ScT and TLF in the first three years after implantation. In contrast, only diabetes was predictive of events between 4–5 years (HR 6.21(1.99–19.40), p = 0.002). Conclusions: After device resorption, the incidence of very late adverse events in lesions/patients implanted with a BRS decreases. Procedural and device-related parameters are not predictors of events anymore.

scholarly journals Assessing the cost-effectiveness of contraceptive methods in Shiraz, Islamic Republic of Iran

2002 ◽  
Vol 08 (01) ◽  
pp. 55-63
Author(s):  
N. Nakhaee ◽  
A. R. Mirahmadizadeh ◽  
H. A. Gorji ◽  
M. Mohammadi
Keyword(s):  
Cost Effectiveness ◽  
Contraceptive Method ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Islamic Republic ◽  
Intrauterine Devices ◽  
Contraceptive Methods ◽  
Conversion Factors ◽  
Cost Effective Method ◽  
Islamic Republic Of Iran ◽  
The Cost

To determine the cost-effectiveness of seven contraceptive methods from the providers’ perspective, the cost per adjusted couple-years of protection [ACYP] was calculated for each method based on region-specific conversion factors. More than 74, 800 ACYPs were provided during March 1999 to February 2000. Intrauterine devices and implants offered the highest and lowest ACYP respectively. Condom was the single most expensive contraceptive method. Vasectomy was the most cost-effective method and implant provided the highest cost per ACYP.

scholarly journals Evaluation of availability, accessibility and prescribing pattern of medicines in the Islamic Republic of Iran

2004 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 406-415
Author(s):  
A. M. Cheraghali ◽  
S. Nikfar ◽  
Y. Behmanesh ◽  
V. Rahimi ◽  
F. Habibipour ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Centre ◽  
Islamic Republic ◽  
Prescribing Pattern ◽  
Essential Drugs ◽  
Injectable Drugs ◽  
Primary Health ◽  
Complete Treatment ◽  
Islamic Republic Of Iran ◽  
Who Indicators ◽  
Very High

Prescribing, dispensing, availability and affordability of drugs were evaluated in 100 primary health care centres in 5 provinces of the Islamic Republic of Iran using WHO indicators. On average, 92% of the 12 essential drugs monitored were available in the health centre pharmacies and 95% of the drugs prescribed by the physician were dispensed by the health centre pharmacy. The stock-out duration was less than 1 month on average. A complete treatment for pneumonia cost only 2% of the lowest weekly government salary. The national average number of drugs per prescription was 3.4. Prescription of antibiotics and injectable drugs was very high [58% and 41% respectively]. Although availability and affordability of essential drugs is good in this country, rational use of drugs needs to be emphasized

scholarly journals Low-Dose Aspirin Use Significantly Improves the Survival of Late-Stage NPC: A Propensity Score-Matched Cohort Study in Taiwan

Cancers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 1551
Author(s):  
Sheng-Dean Luo ◽  
Wei-Chih Chen ◽  
Ching-Nung Wu ◽  
Yao-Hsu Yang ◽  
Shau-Hsuan Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Survival Rate ◽  
Propensity Score ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Dose Aspirin ◽  
Kaplan Meier ◽  
Low Dose Aspirin

Background: Aspirin use has been associated with improved survival rates in various cancers. However, it remains unclear if aspirin confers a survival benefit on patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). The aim of this study was to assess the associations between aspirin use and survival in different stages of NPC. Methods: This is a 10-year retrospective cohort study of NPC patients. A total of 565 NPC patients were recruited after we performed a 1:4 propensity score match between aspirin users and non–users. Cox regression models with adjusted covariates were employed to evaluate factors that influence the survival rate of NPC patients. Results: The Kaplan-Meier analysis revealed that the overall survival (p < 0.0001) and disease-specific survival (p < 0.0001) rates of 180-day aspirin users increased. Increased survival rates were also observed in 180-day aspirin users with Stages III and IV, T, N1 and 2, and N3 categories. Cox regression models indicated that factors, including aspirin use (univariate: HR = 0.28, 95% CI = 0.14–0.55, p < 0.001; multivariate: HR = 0.23, 95% CI = 0.12–0.46, p < 0.001), were independent prognostic factors for survival. Conclusions: Aspirin use for more than 180 days is associated with an increased survival rate and is a positive independent prognostic factor in NPC.

scholarly journals Knowledge, perceptions and prevention of malaria among women in Sistan va Baluchestan, Islamic Republic of Iran

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 248-256 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Rakhshani ◽  
A. R. Ansari Moghadam ◽  
R. Alemi ◽  
A. Moradi
Keyword(s):  
Rural Women ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Health Centre ◽  
Knowledge Score ◽  
Target Population ◽  
Local Health ◽  
Islamic Republic ◽  
Mosquito Net ◽  
Islamic Republic Of Iran

A questionnaire about malaria knowledge, beliefs and practices was given to a random sample of 2168 married women from rural and urban areas of Sistan va Baluchestan, Islamic Republic of Iran. The mean knowledge score of subjects was low at 5.5 [maximum 15.0]. Few respondents [37.6%] knew that malaria was an important disease in the area and only 58.4% knew that malaria was transmitted by mosquitoes. Most subjects [69.4%] never used a mosquito net. Only 49.9% of rural and 73.8% of urban residents would seek care for fever and chills from the local health centre. Community health workers [behvarz] were the main source of information [29.5%] for rural women; the role of physicians in education was minimal. Subsequent health education must be tailored to the educational needs of the target population in this area

scholarly journals Low-Dose Aspirin as Primary Prophylaxis for Cardiovascular Events in Rheumatoid Arthritis: An Italian Multicentre Retrospective Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniela Iacono ◽  
Serena Fasano ◽  
Ilenia Pantano ◽  
Virginia D’Abrosca ◽  
Piero Ruscitti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Multivariable Analysis ◽  
Primary Prophylaxis ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Rank Test ◽  
Cox Regression Analysis ◽  
Log Rank Test ◽  
Kaplan Meier

Objective. To investigate the role of acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) in reducing the incidence of cardiovascular (CV) events in an Italian multicentre rheumatoid arthritis (RA) inception cohort. Methods. The clinical charts of RA patients consecutively admitted to 4 Italian centres for their 1st visit from November 1, 2000, to December 31, 2015, and followed up till December 2016 were retrospectively investigated for the incidence of CV events. Patients were subdivided into two groups, namely, ASA- and non-ASA-treated groups. The Kaplan–Meier curve and log-rank test were used to investigate differences in event-free survival. Cox regression analysis was carried out to identify factors associated with CV event occurrence. Results. Seven hundred forty-six consecutive RA patients were enrolled and followed up for a median of 5.6 years (range 2.9–8.9 years). The incidence rate (IR) of CV events was 8/1000 person-years (p-ys) in the overall cohort. The IR of CV events was significantly lower in the ASA-treated group with respect to the non-ASA-treated group (IR 1.7 vs. 11.8/1000 p-ys; p=0.0002). The CV event-free rate was longer in ASA-treated patients than in non-ASA-treated patients (log-rank test 12.8; p=0.0003). At multivariable analysis, arterial hypertension (HR 9.3) and hypercholesterolemia (HR 2.8) resulted to be positive predictors and ASA (HR 0.09) and hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) (HR 0.22) to be negative predictors. Conclusion. The IR of CV events in our Italian multicentre cohort was lower than that reported in other European and non-European cohorts. Low-dose ASA may have a role in the primary prophylaxis of CV events in RA patients.

scholarly journals OP20 Risk and predictors of surgery in a newly diagnosed cohort of IBD patients in the biologic era: Results from the EpidemIBD study

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S018-S020
Author(s):  
M Chaparro ◽  
A Garre ◽  
A Núñez Ortiz ◽  
M T Diz-Lois Palomares ◽  
C Rodríguez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Predictive Factors ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Intestinal Resection ◽  
Population Based ◽  
First Year ◽  
Newly Diagnosed ◽  
Biologic Treatment ◽  
Cox Regression Analysis ◽  
Kaplan Meier ◽  
Surgical Treatments

Abstract Background The management of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) has substantially changed in the last decades, both in relation to medical and surgical treatments. Aims Principal: To know the rate of surgery in a newly diagnosed IBD cohort within the first year after diagnosis. Secondary: To describe the type of surgeries and indications in this cohort, and to identify predictive factors for surgery (focused on intestinal resection) in these patients. Methods Prospective, population-based nationwide registry. Adult patients diagnosed with IBD -Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC)- during 2017 in Spain were included and were followed-up for 1 year. Kaplan-Meier curves were used to calculate the rate of surgery. In patients with intestinal resections, only medical treatments before surgery were considered. Predictive factors for surgery were identified by Cox-regression analysis. Results 3,454 patients (1,647 CD and 1,807 UC) were included (table 1). The incidence rate for surgery was significantly higher among CD patients (figure 1). A total of 197 patients (6%) underwent surgery within the first 12 months: 126 (64%) intestinal resections, and 71 (36%) perianal surgeries. Fifty-seven percent of intestinal resections were urgent, and 43% elective. The main indications for intestinal resections were: intestinal obstruction in 37%, abscess/fistula in 27%, perforation/acute abdomen in 25%, and refractoriness to medical treatment in 18% of cases. A total of 174 CD patients (10.6%) underwent surgery ¾61% intestinal resections and 39% perianal. Twenty-three UC patients (1.3%) were operated on; the number of surgeries in UC was too low to identify predictive factors. In CD patients, to have been treated with thiopurines [Hazard ratio (HR)=0.2, 95% confidence interval (CI)=0.1–0.3) was associated with lower likelihood of intestinal resection. Disease behaviour at diagnosis [stricturing vs. inflammatory (HR=6.5, 95%CI=4–10) and fistulising vs. inflammatory (HR=13, 95%CI=9–21)] was associated with the risk of intestinal resection. Biologic treatment was not associated with the likelihood of intestinal resection (figure 2). Conclusion Six percent of IBD patients undergo surgery within the first year of diagnosis, being higher in CD (11%) than in UC (1.3%). Sixty percent of intestinal resections are urgent procedures. The risk of surgery is increased in CD patients with fistulising and stricturing behaviour. Thiopurine, but not biologic treatment, is associated with lower risk of surgery.

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