scholarly journals Epidemiological study in a new focus of cutaneous leishmaniasis in the Islamic Republic of Iran

2003 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 816-826
Author(s):  
M. R. Yaghoobi Ershadi ◽  
A. A. Akhavan ◽  
A. V. Zahraei Ramazani ◽  
M. R. Abai ◽  
B. Ebrahimi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cutaneous Leishmaniasis ◽  
Epidemiological Study ◽  
Leishmania Major ◽  
Reservoir Host ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Phlebotomus Papatasi ◽  
Islamic Republic ◽  
Islamic Republic Of Iran ◽  
Rhombomys Opimus

An outbreak of cutaneous leishmaniasis [CL] in Sabzevar county prompted this study of the epidemiology and the ecology of vectors and reservoirs. Examination of 541 schoolchildren showed rates of 9.4% for scars and 5.9% for ulcers. Among 807 inhabitants of 4 villages, 10.4% had scars and 3.0% had active lesions. The most highly infected age group was 0-4 years with a rate of 5.9%. A total of 12 849 sandflies representing 7 species were collected in the study area. Leptomonad infection was found in Phlebotomus papatasi, P. caucasicus and Sergentomyia sintoni. Parasites from man, P. papatasi and Rhombomys opimus, were isolated and characterized as Leishmania major. Based on this survey, this is an epidemic of zoonotic CL, with R. opimus the main reservoir host, and P. papatasi the main vector

scholarly journals Some Epidemiological Aspects of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in a New Focus, Central Iran

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. R. Yaghoobi-Ershadi ◽  
N. Marvi-Moghadam ◽  
R. Jafari ◽  
A. A. Akhavan ◽  
H. Solimani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cutaneous Leishmaniasis ◽  
Primary Schools ◽  
Leishmania Major ◽  
Reservoir Host ◽  
Human Infection ◽  
Native People ◽  
Sand Fly ◽  
Animal Reservoir ◽  
Rural Districts ◽  
Tatera Indica

Following the epidemic of cutaneous leishmaniasis in Khatam County, Yazd Province, this study was carried out to determine vector, and animal reservoir host(s) and investigate the human infection during 2005-2006. Four rural districts where the disease had higher prevalence were selected. Sticky paper traps were used to collect sand flies during April to November, biweekly. Meanwhile rodents were captured using Sherman traps from August to November. Households and primary schools were visited and examined for human infection in February 2006. The parasite was detected by RAPD-PCR method. The rate of ulcers and scars among the inhabitants was 4.8% and 9.8%, respectively. Three rodent species were captured during the study:Meriones libycus, Rhombomys opimus, andTatera indica. Six sand fly species were also collected and identified; among themPhlebotomus papatasihad the highest frequency.Leishmania majorwas detected as the agent of the disease in the area. It was detected fromR. opimusand native people.

scholarly journals Emerging of Cutaneous Leishmaniais due to Leishmania major in a New Focus in Esfahan Province, Central Iran

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reza Jafari ◽  
Hamid Abdoli ◽  
Mohammad Hossein Arandian ◽  
Nilofar Shareghi ◽  
Maryam Ghanei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Leishmania Major ◽  
Leishmania Infection ◽  
Molecular Technique ◽  
Sand Flies ◽  
Phlebotomus Papatasi ◽  
Phlebotomus Sergenti ◽  
Zoonotic Cutaneous Leishmaniasis ◽  
Rhombomys Opimus ◽  
One Year ◽  
Near Future

Background: Esfahan Province is considered as one of the main focus of zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis (ZCL) in Iran. Recently, ZCL distribution is expanding through this province leading to report of new cases in non-endemic areas. In the current study epidemiological aspects of ZCL has been investigated in Naein County in Esfahan Province. Methods: Adult sand flies were collected from beginning to the end of their seasonal activity. Rodents were caught by Sherman live traps once a month for one year. To active case detection, a hundred households in each selected village were visited in November and December 2016. Nested-PCR was employed to detect Leishmania parasite in the vector, reservoir and human. Results: Totally 1562 sand flies including Phlebotomus sergenti, Phlebotomus papatasi, Sergentomyia sintoni and Sergentomyia mervinae were collected and identified. No Leishmania infection was detected in the collected sand flies. All of the 30 collected rodents were identified as Rhombomys opimus, and of these 3.3% and 26.7% were infected by Leishmania major using microscopic and molecular technique respectively. Totally, 914 individuals were investigated and the ulcer and scar rates of ZCL calculated to be at 1.1 and 15.3 per 1000 population, respectively. Molecular results confirmed L. major infection in human and reservoir samples. Conclusion: It is concluded that ZCL is established in the area in low endemicity, and it is extrapolated the disease will not be a serious increasing health problem in the near future in this region.

scholarly journals An epidemiological study of poisoning in northern Islamic Republic of Iran

2002 ◽  
Vol 08 (01) ◽  
pp. 88-94
Author(s):  
A. A. Moghadamnia ◽  
M. Abdollahi
Keyword(s):  
Epidemiological Study ◽  
Zinc Phosphide ◽  
Pesticide Poisoning ◽  
Islamic Republic ◽  
Ethanol Intoxication ◽  
Common Cause ◽  
Proportional Mortality ◽  
Islamic Republic Of Iran

We examined the causes and mortality of poisoning in the province of Mazandaran. In all, 1751 poisoning cases referred to four main hospitals over a three-year period [1997-2000] were included. More poisoning cases were females [55.5%] than males [45.5%] but the proportional mortality for males was greater than for females [65% versus 35%]. The greatest proportion of poisonings occurred between the ages of 16 and 25 years. Most frequent was intentional poisoning, followed by accidental and occupational poisoning. Medicines were the most common cause, followed by chemicals such as pesticides. Poisoning by opiates, aluminium or zinc phosphide, rodenticides, petroleum and ethanol intoxication was also observed. Pesticide poisoning was most frequently fatal.

scholarly journals Prevalence of measles antibody in children of different ages in Shiraz, Islamic Republic of Iran

2004 ◽  
Vol 10 (4-5) ◽  
pp. 468-473
Author(s):  
A. Karimi ◽  
A. Arjomandi ◽  
A. Alborzi ◽  
M. Rasouli ◽  
M. R. Kadivar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Old Age ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Booster Vaccination ◽  
School Age ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Islamic Republic ◽  
Vaccine Failure ◽  
Different Ages ◽  
Islamic Republic Of Iran

An outbreak of measles due to secondary vaccine failure prompted this investigation into the prevalence of measles antibody in children. We studied 608 children in 7 different age groups:6, 9, 14 and 18 months and 6, 10 and 15 years. Children in the 2 youngest groups received no vaccination; the rest were vaccinated at 9 months and 15 months. The 15-year-old age group received an additional vaccination. Transplacental measles antibody [Ab] decreased from 10.0% at 6 months to 0% at 9 months. Measles Ab was positive in 52.9% [14 months], 89.4% [18 months], 60.8% 96 years], 45.0% [10 years] and 96.8% [15 years]. To increase Ab levels, a booster vaccination is recommended, administered either with the second DPT booster or at pre-high school age

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