scholarly journals Reduction of clinical tuberculosis in HIV-infected males with isoniazid prophylaxis

2002 ◽  
Vol 08 (06) ◽  
pp. 754-757
Author(s):  
K. Alaei
Keyword(s):  
Tuberculin Skin Test ◽  
Skin Test ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Untreated Group ◽  
Lost To Follow Up ◽  
Inh Prophylaxis ◽  
Isoniazid Prophylaxis

Isoniazid [INH] chemoprophylaxis has a positive impact on the development of clinical tuberculosis. Due to the increased prevalence of tuberculosis among HIV-infected individuals, we evaluated the effect of INH on the prevention of clinical tuberculosis in HIV-infected patients. We administered 300 mg of INH daily to 246 HIV-infected, tuberculin skin test-positive patients for 12 months. During 3 years of follow-up, 41 participants died and 94 were lost to follow up. Of the 111 patients followed for the 3 years, 12 developed tuberculosis which is lower than might be expected in an untreated group. INH prophylaxis appears to be an effective method to prevent clinical tuberculosis among HIV-infected, tuberculin skin test-positive patients.

scholarly journals Follow-Up Study of Tuberculosis-Exposed Supermarket Customers with Negative Tuberculin Skin Test Results in Association with Positive Gamma Interferon Release Assay Results

2007 ◽  
Vol 14 (9) ◽  
pp. 1239-1241 ◽  
Author(s):  
Willeke P. J. Franken ◽  
Ben F. P. J. Koster ◽  
Ailko W. J. Bossink ◽  
Steven F. T. Thijsen ◽  
John J. M. Bouwman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tuberculin Skin Test ◽  
Skin Test ◽  
Gamma Interferon ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Negative Tuberculin Skin Test ◽  
Follow Up Study ◽  
Contact Investigation ◽  
Release Assay ◽  
One Year

ABSTRACT We report a follow-up study of 29 subjects with negative tuberculin skin test (TST) results in association with positive gamma interferon release assay (IGRA) results, mainly due to responses to CFP-10 in the T-SPOT.TB assay, during a contact investigation. One year later, 12/29 subjects (41%) had converted to positive TST results in association with negative IGRA results.

scholarly journals Optimization of Medication Regimens in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes and Clinical Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease

Pharmacy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 186
Author(s):  
Jarred Prudencio ◽  
Paige Cajudoy ◽  
Donald Waddell
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Medication Usage ◽  
Pharmacist Interventions ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Prescription Rates ◽  
Lost To Follow Up

The American Diabetes Association recommends that patients with type II diabetes and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease be prescribed an SGLT-2 inhibitor or GLP-1 agonist for cardioprotective benefit. This project assessed the use of these medications in this patient population in a rural clinic by measuring prescribing rates of SGLT-2/GLP-1 therapy before and after pharmacist interventions. Of the 60 patients identified at baseline, 39.39% (13/33) managed by a pharmacist were prescribed SGLT-2/GLP-1 therapy compared to the 14.81% (4/27) who had not seen a pharmacist (p = 0.025). Of the 43 patients that were not on SGLT-2/GLP-1 therapy at baseline, 13 were lost to follow-up and 13 had contraindications. For the 17 remaining patients, pharmacists recommended initiating SGLT-2/GLP-1 therapy and were able to successfully initiate therapy for 9 patients (52.94%). Pharmacist interventions improved the prescription rates from a baseline of 36.17% (17/47) to 55.3% (26/47) (p = 0.002), with SGLT-2/GLP-1 therapy contraindicated in 27.66% (13/47) of patients. This suggests that patients managed by a pharmacist have medication regimens that were optimized at a greater rate and pharmacists can have a positive impact on the appropriate medication usage in this population.

Adverse events and development of tuberculosis after 4 months of rifampicin prophylaxis in a tuberculosis outbreak

2011 ◽  
Vol 140 (6) ◽  
pp. 1028-1035 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. H. LEE ◽  
J.-J. YIM ◽  
H. J. KIM ◽  
T. S. SHIM ◽  
H. S. SEO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Events ◽  
Tuberculin Skin Test ◽  
Skin Test ◽  
Interferon Gamma ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Outbreak Investigation ◽  
Interferon Gamma Release Assay ◽  
Mdr Tb ◽  
Release Assay

SUMMARYWe screened tuberculosis (TB) contacts as an outbreak investigation with tuberculin skin test (TST) and interferon-gamma release assay (IGRA). We evaluated adverse events and TB incidence in all persons screened after rifampicin (RFP) prophylaxis, and specifically assessed the new TB cases in relation to initial TST and IGRA results. The 180 contacts were divided into four groups: TST+/IGRA+ (n=101), TST+/IGRA− (n=22), TST−/IGRA+ (n=16), and TST–/IGRA– (n=41). RFP treatment (4 months) was prescribed only to the TST+/IGRA+ group. Of 87 contacts who initiated prophylaxis, adverse events occurred in 21 contacts (24·1%) including hepatotoxicity (11·5%), flu-like syndrome (5·7%), and thrombocytopenia (3·4%). TB developed in two TST+/IGRA+ subjects after completion of prophylaxis, including one multidrug-resistant (MDR)-TB case during 21·8 months of follow-up. Adverse events were frequent, and development of TB including MDR-TB occurred after RFP prophylaxis.

Follow‐up of 1887 patients receiving tumor necrosis‐alpha antagonists: Tuberculin skin test conversion and tuberculosis risk

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 1668-1675 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tulin Cagatay ◽  
Zuleyha Bingol ◽  
Esen Kıyan ◽  
Zeynep Yegin ◽  
Gulfer Okumus ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tuberculin Skin Test ◽  
Skin Test ◽  
Tumor Necrosis ◽  
Tuberculin Skin Test Conversion ◽  
Tuberculosis Risk

Tuberculin Skin Test Screening in Schoolchildren in the United States

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 98 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cynthia R. Driver ◽  
Sarah E. Valway ◽  
Michael F. Cantwell ◽  
Ida M. Onorato
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Tuberculin Skin Test ◽  
Skin Test ◽  
Local Level ◽  
District Of Columbia ◽  
The United States ◽  
Tuberculous Infection ◽  
Foreign Born ◽  
School Based

Objective. To determine the current practices and results of tuberculin skin test (TST) screening of schoolchildren in the United States. Methods. Tuberculosis program staff in all states and the District of Columbia were asked about current requirements, practices, and results of school-based TST screening. Results. Thirty-four states and the District of Columbia (69%) reported no current statewide statutes or policies for tuberculin screening of schoolchildren, and 10 (19%) reported having statewide requirements. In 6 states (12%), requirements were instituted at the local level, and 24 localities in these states were known to require screening. Of the 34 areas requiring screening, 18 (53%) screened all new entrants, 7 (21%) screened children in specific grades, and 9 (26%) used other criteria for screening. TST results were collected for 26 (76%) of 34 areas, and 6 areas collected results of follow-up evaluation of tuberculin-positive children. Additionally, 8 localities in 7 states with no screening requirements conducted tuberculin surveys. Sixteen areas provided results. In 7 of the 8 areas that collected information about birthplace, less than 2% of US-born children were tuberculin positive; foreign-born children had rates 6 to 24 times higher than US-born children. TST screening identified few cases of tuberculosis, less than 0.02% of the children screened. Conclusion. School-based tuberculin screening identified low rates of positive TST results in US-born children. Resources should be directed toward screening children at high risk for tuberculous infection, as recommended by the American Academy of Pediatrics and the Advisory Committee for Elimination of Tuberculosis.

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